A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

144
SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
features associated with posterior setigcrs, including branchial
distribution; pygidium and anal cirri.
EXPECTED STATES OF SELECTED UNKNOWN FEATURES —
Mx III short and forming part of distal arc with left Mx IV.
Branchiae terminating well before the posterior end.
CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT
SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 22, 56. Unknown
Characters: 1, 2, 13, 14, 36-40,47, 50, 57-60, 63, 74, 78.
ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.—37,2;
38,1.
REMARKS.—Eunice flavapunctata was considered a synonym
of E. afra by Hartman (1956). It is listed with similar
species in Tables 33 and 39. Of the species in Table 39 only E.
denticulata and E. flavapunctata have the inflated bases of the
median ventral cirri forming thick transverse welts. The former
has hammer-headed aciculae; the latter has pointed aciculac.
Treadwell stated that branchiae were missing on the last 100
segments; this statement cannot be confirmed because the
holotype is incomplete; Treadwell may have had another
fragment of the holotype or additional material at his disposal.
67. Eunice flavocuprea Grube, 1869
FIGURE 47a-c; TABLES 41-42
Eunice flavocupreaGrube, 1869:493-494.
MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype, ZMB 498, Tor, Red Sea,
coll. Ehrenberg.
COMMENTS ON MATERIAL EXAMINED.—The holotype is in
rather poor condition; it appears to have been in posterior
regeneration.
DESCRIPTION.—Holotype complete with 100 setigers; total
length 17 mm; maximal width 1 mm; length through setiger 10
about 2 mm.
Prostomium (Figure 47c) distinctly shorter and narrower
than peristomium, less than x /i as deep as peristomium.
Prostomial lobes frontally obliquely truncate, dorsally flattened;
median sulcus shallow. Eyes not observed. Antennae in
shallow horseshoe, evenly spaced, similar in thickness.
Ceratophores ring-shaped in all antennae, without articulations.
Ceratostyles digitiform, with 2 or 3 long, cylindrical articulations.
A-I to setiger 1; A-II to setiger 3; A-III missing.
Peristomium cylindrical. Separation between rings distinct on
all sides; anterior ring ~2fr of total peristomial length.
Peristomial cirri very short, nearly ovoid, without articulations.
Jaws not examined.
Branchiae present, pectinate, distinctly longer than notopodial
cirri, not reduced in mid-body region, erect. Branchiae
from setiger 4 to setiger 34. Branchiae terminating well before
posterior end. First 5 and last 10 branchiae single filaments;
maximum 4 filaments at about setiger 15. All branchiae
outreaching notopodial cirri, even in first branchiated segment.
Branchial stems reduced. Filaments very long, slender.
Shape of neuropodia indeterminable in detail without
destroying specimen. Ventral cirri basally inflated from about
setiger 5 through setiger 40. Inflated bases ovate; narrow tips
short and button-shaped. Notopodial cirri distinctly medially
inflated anteriorly, becoming digitiform in posterior setigcrs,
articulations absent.
Limbatc setae marginally serrated. Pectinate setae not
observed in detail. Shafts of compound falcigers distinctly
inflated, marginally smooth. Appendages (Figure 47a) very
long and narrow, bidentate. Proximal teeth very short,
triangular projections, directed basally. Distal teeth longer than
proximal teeth, slender, curved. Guards symmetrically
rounded; some guards with distinct, narrow mucros. Pscudocompound
falcigers and compound spinigcrs absent. Aciculae
tapering, yellow. Separation between core and sheath
indistinct in both aciculac and subacicular hooks. Subacicular
hooks (Figure 47b) yellow, tridentatc. Hooks first present from
setiger 17, present in all setigcrs thereafter, sometimes paired.
Main fangs large, curved; 2 distal fangs in crests; very small
tertiary fangs closely appended to secondary fangs.
UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Jaw structure;
most parapodial features; pygidium and anal cirri.
EXPECTED STATES OF SELECTED UNKNOWN FEATURES.—
Mx III long, located behind left Mx II.
CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT
SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 56. Unknown Characters:
1,4,6, 13, 14, 38,43-50, 52, 57-60, 65-68.
ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.—38,2.
REMARKS.—In the vial, a small handwritten label reads as
follows: "Eunice flavocuprea Gr. (nomen nudum) Nach v.
Marenzeller Brief = E. murrayi M'Int." Eunice flavocuprea
belongs to the same group as E. murrayi but differs sharply
from that species in the structure of the antennae, which are
nearly smooth in the former and strongly articulated in the
latter. Grube's description, while brief, is certainly adequate to
avoid labeling the name as a nomen nudum. Eunice flavocuprea
is listed with similar species in Tables 41 and 42. It can be
identified only by a combination of character states, rather than
by a single, unique character state.
Eunice flavofasciata Grube, 1878
Eunice flavo-fasciataGrube, 1878b: 155-156, pi. 9: fig. 2.
REMARKS.—Grube had a single complete specimen, which
now has been lost. The following is a translation of the
description supplemented with interpretations of Grube's
illustrations.
Specimen chestnut-colored with lighter anterior transverse
bands and cirri. Antennae without articulations. A-III distinctly
longer than other antennae, reaching roughly setiger 5.
Peristomial cirri reaching posterior part of prostomium. The
maxillary formula is 1+1, 3+3, 6+0, 2+7, and 1+1. Branchiae
present from setiger 5 to far posterior end, where best
developed, from about setiger 5 through setiger 24, with up to