A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

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138 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY DESCRIPTION.—Holotype complete, of unknown sex, with 216 setigers; total length 302 mm; maximal width 8 mm at about setiger 20; length through setiger 10, 18 mm; width at setiger 10, 7.5 mm. Body through setiger 10 cylindrical; remainder dorsoventrally flattened with short, crowded, wide segments. Anal cirri as long as last 10 setigers, without articulations. Prostomium (Figure 44a) distinctly shorter and narrower than peristomium, less than x /i as deep as peristomium. Prostomial lobes frontally rounded, dorsally slightly flattened; median sulcus deep. Eyes on lateral sides of bases of A-II, dark. Antennae in deep horseshoe, evenly spaced, similar in thickness. Ceratophores ring-shaped in all antennae, without articulations. Ceratostyles tapering to relatively slender tips, with up to 7 cylindrical articulations in one A-II. A-I to setiger 1; A-II to setiger 3; A-III to setiger 4 (incomplete). Peristomium cylindrical. Separation between rings distinct dorsally and ventrally; anterior ring ~ 4 /5 of total peristomial length. Peristomial cirri to anterior x h of anterior peristomial ring, slender and tapering, without articulations. Maxillary formula 1+1, 5+5, 6+0,4+9, and 1+1. Left Mx IV short with reduced teeth, forming a distal arc with Mx III. Mx VI missing. Jaws strongly calcified, rather brittle. Branchiae (Figure 44b) present, pectinate, distinctly longer than notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region, erect. Branchiae from setiger 18 to setiger 216. Branchiae present to near posterior end, more than 65% of total number of setigers. First branchiae single filaments; maximum 14 filaments from about setiger 35. First 5-6 pairs shorter than notopodial cirri; all other branchiae, including last ones, clearly longer than notopodial cirri. Stems slender, tapering, longer than notopodial cirri. Filaments slender, nearly filiform, longer than notopodial cirri. Branchiae increasingly conspicuous towards posterior end. Neuropodial acicular lobes distally truncately rounded, becoming slightly conical near posterior end; aciculae emerging at midline. Presetal lobes low, transverse folds. Postsetal lobes higher than acicular lobes and rounded in first 20 setigers, becoming low, transverse folds by setiger 25. First 9 ventral cirri tapering. Ventral cirri becoming modestly basally inflated from about setiger 10. Inflated bases ovate; narrow tips tapering. Inflated bases decreasing in importance posteriorly. From about setiger 100 ventral cirri tapering. Anterior notopodial cirri slender, basally distinctly inflated, with 3-4 articulations. Articulations are lost by first branchial segments; basally inflations and slender, tapering tips retained in all setigers. Limbate setae slender, marginally smooth. Pectinate setae (Figure 44e) tapering, furled. One marginal tooth longer than all other teeth, with -16 teeth. Shafts of compound falcigers (Figure 44b) very gently inflated, or tapering without inflated region, marginally smooth; internal striations present; beaks distinct. Appendages rather large, tapering, with large, distinct heads and distinct basal bosses, bidentate. Teeth similar in size, tapering. Proximal teeth directed slightly distally. Distal teeth nearly erect. Guards symmetrically bluntly pointed, rarely with very short mucros, marginally frayed. Pseudocompound falcigers and compound spinigers absent. Aciculae mostly single, rarely paired in posterior setigers, brown, deepening to dark brown in posterior setigers, tapering, distally straight, blunt; cross-section round. Subacicular hooks (Figure 44d) light to medium brown, bidentate. Hooks first present from setiger 41, present in all setigers thereafter, always single (except for replacements). Hooks tapering to small heads. Teeth small. Proximal teeth larger than distal teeth, directed laterally. Distal teeth directed obliquely distally. UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Pygidium and anal cirri. EXPECTED STATE OF SELECTED UNKNOWN FEATURES.— None. CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 56, 58, 59. Unknown Characters: 74,78. ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.— None. REMARKS.—Eunice fauveli was originally erroneously described as having unidentate subacicular hooks; the hooks are distinctly, if shallowly bidentate; the species belongs to group B-4 rather than to D-2 as assumed by Fauchald (1970). Eunice fauveli is listed with similar species in Tables 33 and 35. It is the only species in Table 35 other than E. collaris with more than six branchial filaments. It has sharply pointed guards in the compound falcigers rather than blunt guards as present in E. collaris. Eunice fijiensis Baird, 1869 Eunice fijiensis Baird, 1869:347. Eunice antenna ta.—Grube, 1878a:99. REMARKS.—No material labeled as E. fijiensis is currently present in the British Museum (Natural History) (now the Natural History Museum, London) (Alex Muir, in litt.). The species was briefly characterized by Baird as having branchiae from setiger 7 and a total of 98 setigers, bidentate compound hooks, and tridentate subacicular hooks. The aciculae were described as being stout, swollen in the middle of their length and slightly curved at the point. Furthermore, Baird stated that "it approaches somewhat to the Eunice gracilis of Grube, from Tahiti." This statement is presumably the reason why Grube listed E. fijiensis as a possible synonym of E. antennata. The species is clearly insufficiently characterized and is here considered indeterminable. 63. Eunice ftlamentosa Grube, 1856 Eunice fdamentosa Grube, 1856:56. FIGURE 45a-g; TABLES 33,37
NUMBER 523 139 .0 2 1 2 1 .1 .5 1 h r, ri a h a f FIGURE 45.—Eunice fdamentosa (lectotype, ZMC): a, anterior end, lateral view; b, subacicular hook, parapodium 29; c, pectinate seta, parapodium 29; d, compound falciger, parapodium 29; e, parapodium 29, anterior view; f, aciculae, parapodium 29. Eunice fdamentosa (paralectotype, ZMB 1855): g, anterior end, lateral view. Eunice fvnbriata (paratype, ZMB Q2262): h, anterior end, lateral view; i, parapodium 33, anterior view; j, compound falciger, parapodium 33; k, subacicular hook, parapodium 33; 1, acicula, parapodium 33; m, appendage of compound falciger, parapodium 33; n, pectinate seta, parapodium 33. (Scale bars in mm.)
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* A Review of the Genus Eunice (Pol
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S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B
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Contents Page Introduction 1 Nomenc
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NUMBER 523 Eunice brevis (Ehlers, 1
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NUMBER 523 vii Eunice longicirris G
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NUMBER 523 ix Eunice stanleyi, new
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A Review of the Genus Eunice (Polyc
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NUMBER 523 (1820) are exemplary as
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NUMBER 523 included, but not specie
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NUMBER 523 subsequent workers. They
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NUMBER 523 illustrations. Seial len
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NUMBER 523 11 uniformly yellowish g
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NUMBER 523 13 to the frontal jaws (
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NUMBER 523 15 be longer than the ot
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NUMBER 523 17 rounded lobe about as
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NUMBER 523 19 Both outgroup species
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NUMBER 523 21 By "near posterior en
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NUMBER 523 23 69. dentition of appe
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NUMBER 523 25 Eunice djiboutiensis
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NUMBER 523 27 pauper a Grube, 1878b
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NUMBER 523 29 length of antennae in
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NUMBER 523 31 peristomium rubra 32(
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NUMBER 523 33 sulcus shallow tentac
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NUMBER 523 35 Peristomial cirri dig
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NUMBER 523 37 peristomial cirri dig
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NUMBER 523 39 Branchiae palmate [Fi
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NUMBER 523 41 .1 .05 1 5 d b c FIGU
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NUMBER 523 43 .02 .1 c, d FIGURE 4.
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NUMBER 523 45 and 49. In addition t
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NUMBER 523 47 4. Eunice afra Peters
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NUMBER 523 49 median antennae simil
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NUMBER 523 51 afuerensis and E. pel
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NUMBER 523 53 reaching beyond anter
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NUMBER 523 55 .02 .1 1 b. c d FIGUR
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NUMBER 523 57 FIGURE 10.—Eunice a
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NUMBER 523 59 TABLE 2.—Variable a
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NUMBER 523 61 .02 .5 .5 .1 2 e. f,
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NUMBER 523 63 .02 1 .1 f, y, h C FI
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NUMBER 523 65 midline. Pre- and pos
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NUMBER 523 67 Subacicular hooks (Fi
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NUMBER 523 69 REMARKS.—Eunice arm
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NUMBER 523 71 REMARKS.—Eunice art
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NUMBER 523 73 FIGURE 17.—Eunice a
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NUMBER 523 75 • 02 , d a FIGURE 1
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NUMBER 523 77 Proximal teeth larger
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NUMBER 523 79 FIGURE 20.—Eunice b
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NUMBER 523 81 been unable to see th
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NUMBER 523 83 in 120-150 m depth. T
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NUMBER 523 85 FIGURE 22.—Eunice b
Page 99 and 100: NUMBER 523 87 FIGURE 23.—Eunice b
Page 101 and 102: NUMBER 523 89 FlOURE 24.—Eunice b
Page 103 and 104: NUMBER 523 91 compound falcigcrs (F
Page 105 and 106: NUMBER 523 93 EXPECTED STATE OF UNK
Page 107 and 108: NUMBER 523 95 FIGURE 28.—Eunice b
Page 109 and 110: NUMBER 523 97 FIGURE 29.—Eunice c
Page 111 and 112: NUMBER 523 99 TABLE 3.—Variable a
Page 113 and 114: NUMBER 523 101 characters, best exp
Page 115 and 116: NUMBER 523 103 diagnostic." As indi
Page 117 and 118: NUMBER 523 105 FIGURE 31.—Eunice
Page 119 and 120: NUMBER 523 107 very short. Shafts s
Page 121 and 122: NUMBER 523 109 Presetal lobes low,
Page 123 and 124: NUMBER 523 111 which are similar to
Page 125 and 126: NUMBER 523 113 45. Eunice complanat
Page 127 and 128: NUMBER 523 FIGURE 35.—Eunice cong
Page 129 and 130: NUMBER 523 117 REMARKS.—Eunice co
Page 131 and 132: NUMBER 523 119 50. Eunice curticirr
Page 133 and 134: NUMBER 523 121 Anterior neuropodial
Page 135 and 136: NUMBER 523 123 a wide triangular ba
Page 139 and 140: NUMBER 523 127 55. Eunice edwardsi
Page 141 and 142: NUMBER 523 129 reduced, but still v
Page 143 and 144: NUMBER 523 131 1 2 .5 1 1 a h d h,
Page 145 and 146: NUMBER 523 133 cirri did not reach
Page 149: NUMBER 523 137 J .02 .1 1 a c, e d
Page 153 and 154: NUMBER 523 141 peristomium. Prostom
Page 155 and 156: NUMBER 523 143 shorter than filamen
Page 159 and 160: NUMBER 523 147 TABLE 5.—Variable
Page 163 and 164: NUMBER 523 151 .02 1 1 .1 f. g, h b
Page 165 and 166: NUMBER 523 153 complete specimen).
Page 167 and 168: NUMBER 523 155 branchiae is rare in
Page 169 and 170: NUMBER 523 157 Limbate and pectinat
Page 171 and 172: NUMBER 523 159 indistinct in both a
Page 173 and 174: NUMBER 523 161 79. Eunice grubei Gr
Page 175 and 176: NUMBER 523 163 Prostomium (Figure 5
Page 177 and 178: NUMBER 523 165 24, present in all s
Page 181 and 182: NUMBER 523 169 85. Eunice hawaiensi
Page 183 and 184: NUMBER 523 171 105 setigers; total
Page 185 and 186: NUMBER 523 173 dorsally and especia
Page 189 and 190: NUMBER 523 177 Filaments slender. N
Page 191 and 192: NUMBER 523 179 tween Mx III and lef
Page 195 and 196: NUMBER 523 183 transverse folds. Al
Page 197 and 198: NUMBER 523 185 CHARACTERS USED IN P
Page 199 and 200: NUMBER 523 187 • 02 .5 ] .1 2 .5
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NUMBER 523 189 02 FIGURE 62.—Euni
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NUMBER 523 191 .02 1 .1 e. t, q h.
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NUMBER 523 193 FIGURE 64.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 195 FlOURE 65.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 197 Peristomial cirri to
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NUMBER 523 201 near posterior end,
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NUMBER 523 203 TABLE 6.—Variable
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NUMBER 523 207 falcigers agree well
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NUMBER 523 209 cirri, not reduced i
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NUMBER 523 211 Limbate setae margin
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NUMBER 523 217 EXPECTED STATES OF U
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NUMBER 523 221 articulations in A-1
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NUMBER 523 223 J32 J b, c, d a FIGU
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NUMBER 523 225 1 10 b, d, e, g. h,
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NUMBER 523 227 126. Eunice multicyl
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Page 245 and 246:
NUMBER 523 233 tion between rings d
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NUMBER 523 235 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
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NUMBER 523 237 visible ventrally; a
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NUMBER 523 241 proximally cylindric
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NUMBER 523 243 digitiform. Anterior
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NUMBER 523 245 Eunice oliga papeete
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NUMBER 523 247 h. i FIGURE 82.—Eu
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NUMBER 523 249 DESCRIPTION.—Body
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NUMBER 523 253 the type, there is l
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NUMBER 523 255 directed laterally,
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NUMBER 523 257 2 1 .1 b, c, », h d
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NUMBER 523 259 RGURE 86.—Eunice p
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NUMBER 523 261 colored, tridentate
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NUMBER 523 263 papeetensis has expa
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NUMBER 523 267 These two species ar
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NUMBER 523 269 MATERIAL EXAMINED.
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NUMBER 523 271 evenly spaced, simil
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NUMBER 523 277 Peristomial cirri to
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NUMBER 523 279 18+0, 12+12, and 1+1
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NUMBER 523 281 than peristomium, as
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NUMBER 523 285 167. Eunice reducta
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NUMBER 523 287 articulations. Grube
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NUMBER 523 291 antennae, without ar
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NUMBER 523 295 Jaws not examined. B
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NUMBER 523 297 posiscial lobes low,
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NUMBER 523 299 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
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NUMBER 523 303 smaller specimens. M
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NUMBER 523 305 thereafter, always s
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NUMBER 523 307 The ceratostyles lac
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NUMBER 523 311 184. Eunice stigmatu
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NUMBER 523 313 Eunice stigmalura is
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NUMBER 523 31! .1 .5 a, b, c t n h
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NUMBER 523 317 Hartman (1956, as E.
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NUMBER 523 319 REMARKS.—Eunice th
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NUMBER 523 321 without articulation
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NUMBER 523 325 from setiger 5 throu
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NUMBER 523 327 appendages long, kni
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NUMBER 523 329 superior aciculae li
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NUMBER 523 331 b. c, e, f, g, h. i,
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NUMBER 523 333 paratype consisted o
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NUMBER 523 337 always single (excep
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NUMBER 523 341 1 .05 I 1 h a FIGURE
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NUMBER 523 343 3 A of total peristo
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NUMBER 523 345 Characters: 1, 2, 13
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NUMBER 523 347 TABLE 21.—Comparis
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Appendix A Character List for Eunic
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NUMBER 523 377 4. digitiform 5. cla
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NUMBER 523 379 5.03 13.U 14,U 15,3
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NUMBER 523 381 16.07 16.08 16.09 17
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NUMBER 523 383 28.01 biformicirrata
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NUMBER 523 385 39.03 39.04 39.05 39
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NUMBER 523 387 50.07 50.08 50.09 51
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NUMBER 523 389 62.01 62.02 62.03 62
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NUMBER 523 391 73.04 73.05 73.06 73
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NUMBER 523 393 84.07 84.08 84.09 85
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NUMBER 523 395 96.01 kerguelensis 9
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NUMBER 523 397 107.04 25,3 26,3 27,
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NUMBER 523 399 118.07 118.08 118.09
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NUMBER 523 401 130.01 mutilata 130.
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NUMBER 523 403 141.03 15.U 16,U 17.
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NUMBER 523 405 152.05 35,5 36,28 37
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NUMBER 523 407 164.07 164.08 164.09
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NUMBER 523 409 176.01 savignyi 176.
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NUMBER 523 411 187.04 24,U 25,4 26.
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NUMBER 523 413 198.07 55,2 56- 58-
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Appendix C Important publications o
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NUMBER 523 417 1919c. Pacific Coast
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NUMBER 523 419 Videnskabers Selskab
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NUMBER 523 421 38:1-74,37 figures.
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