A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

138 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
DESCRIPTION.—Holotype complete, of unknown sex, with
216 setigers; total length 302 mm; maximal width 8 mm at
about setiger 20; length through setiger 10, 18 mm; width at
setiger 10, 7.5 mm. Body through setiger 10 cylindrical;
remainder dorsoventrally flattened with short, crowded, wide
segments. Anal cirri as long as last 10 setigers, without
articulations.
Prostomium (Figure 44a) distinctly shorter and narrower
than peristomium, less than x /i as deep as peristomium.
Prostomial lobes frontally rounded, dorsally slightly flattened;
median sulcus deep. Eyes on lateral sides of bases of A-II, dark.
Antennae in deep horseshoe, evenly spaced, similar in
thickness. Ceratophores ring-shaped in all antennae, without
articulations. Ceratostyles tapering to relatively slender tips,
with up to 7 cylindrical articulations in one A-II. A-I to setiger
1; A-II to setiger 3; A-III to setiger 4 (incomplete). Peristomium
cylindrical. Separation between rings distinct dorsally
and ventrally; anterior ring ~ 4 /5 of total peristomial length.
Peristomial cirri to anterior x h of anterior peristomial ring,
slender and tapering, without articulations.
Maxillary formula 1+1, 5+5, 6+0,4+9, and 1+1. Left Mx IV
short with reduced teeth, forming a distal arc with Mx III. Mx
VI missing. Jaws strongly calcified, rather brittle.
Branchiae (Figure 44b) present, pectinate, distinctly longer
than notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region, erect.
Branchiae from setiger 18 to setiger 216. Branchiae present to
near posterior end, more than 65% of total number of setigers.
First branchiae single filaments; maximum 14 filaments from
about setiger 35. First 5-6 pairs shorter than notopodial cirri;
all other branchiae, including last ones, clearly longer than
notopodial cirri. Stems slender, tapering, longer than notopodial
cirri. Filaments slender, nearly filiform, longer than
notopodial cirri. Branchiae increasingly conspicuous towards
posterior end.
Neuropodial acicular lobes distally truncately rounded,
becoming slightly conical near posterior end; aciculae emerging
at midline. Presetal lobes low, transverse folds. Postsetal
lobes higher than acicular lobes and rounded in first 20 setigers,
becoming low, transverse folds by setiger 25. First 9 ventral
cirri tapering. Ventral cirri becoming modestly basally inflated
from about setiger 10. Inflated bases ovate; narrow tips
tapering. Inflated bases decreasing in importance posteriorly.
From about setiger 100 ventral cirri tapering. Anterior
notopodial cirri slender, basally distinctly inflated, with 3-4
articulations. Articulations are lost by first branchial segments;
basally inflations and slender, tapering tips retained in all
setigers.
Limbate setae slender, marginally smooth. Pectinate setae
(Figure 44e) tapering, furled. One marginal tooth longer than
all other teeth, with -16 teeth. Shafts of compound falcigers
(Figure 44b) very gently inflated, or tapering without inflated
region, marginally smooth; internal striations present; beaks
distinct. Appendages rather large, tapering, with large, distinct
heads and distinct basal bosses, bidentate. Teeth similar in size,
tapering. Proximal teeth directed slightly distally. Distal teeth
nearly erect. Guards symmetrically bluntly pointed, rarely with
very short mucros, marginally frayed. Pseudocompound falcigers
and compound spinigers absent. Aciculae mostly single,
rarely paired in posterior setigers, brown, deepening to dark
brown in posterior setigers, tapering, distally straight, blunt;
cross-section round. Subacicular hooks (Figure 44d) light to
medium brown, bidentate. Hooks first present from setiger 41,
present in all setigers thereafter, always single (except for
replacements). Hooks tapering to small heads. Teeth small.
Proximal teeth larger than distal teeth, directed laterally. Distal
teeth directed obliquely distally.
UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Pygidium and
anal cirri.
EXPECTED STATE OF SELECTED UNKNOWN FEATURES.—
None.
CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT
SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 56, 58, 59. Unknown
Characters: 74,78.
ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.—
None.
REMARKS.—Eunice fauveli was originally erroneously described
as having unidentate subacicular hooks; the hooks are
distinctly, if shallowly bidentate; the species belongs to group
B-4 rather than to D-2 as assumed by Fauchald (1970).
Eunice fauveli is listed with similar species in Tables 33 and
35. It is the only species in Table 35 other than E. collaris with
more than six branchial filaments. It has sharply pointed guards
in the compound falcigers rather than blunt guards as present in
E. collaris.
Eunice fijiensis Baird, 1869
Eunice fijiensis Baird, 1869:347.
Eunice antenna ta.—Grube, 1878a:99.
REMARKS.—No material labeled as E. fijiensis is currently
present in the British Museum (Natural History) (now the
Natural History Museum, London) (Alex Muir, in litt.). The
species was briefly characterized by Baird as having branchiae
from setiger 7 and a total of 98 setigers, bidentate compound
hooks, and tridentate subacicular hooks. The aciculae were
described as being stout, swollen in the middle of their length
and slightly curved at the point. Furthermore, Baird stated that
"it approaches somewhat to the Eunice gracilis of Grube, from
Tahiti." This statement is presumably the reason why Grube
listed E. fijiensis as a possible synonym of E. antennata. The
species is clearly insufficiently characterized and is here
considered indeterminable.
63. Eunice ftlamentosa Grube, 1856
Eunice fdamentosa Grube, 1856:56.
FIGURE 45a-g; TABLES 33,37