A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

136 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY
Prostomium (Figure 43o) ~ x ji as deep, very nearly as wide as
peristomium. Prostomial lobes frontally rounded, dorsally
flattened; median sulcus shallow. Eyes behind bases of A-I,
dark. Antennae in a horseshoe; A-I and A-II emerging close
together, near outer edges of prostomium, separated by gap
from A-III, similar in thickness. Ceratophorcs ring-shaped in
all antennae, without articulations. Ceratostyles slender and
digitiform, with up to 14 closely spaced, indistinct articulations
in A-III, articulated to bases of ceratostyles. A-I to posterior
pcristomial ring; A-II and A-III to sctiger 2. Peristomium
slightly flaring anteriorly. Separation between rings distinct
dorsally and ventrally; anterior ring 3 A of total pcristomial
length. Peristomial cirri to middle of anterior peristomial ring,
slender and digitiform, without articulations.
Jaws not examined.
Branchiae (Figure 43n) present, palmate, about as long as
notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region. Branchiae
from setiger 78-79 to end of fragments. Most branchiae with 2
long, narrow filaments emerging from joint bases at dorsal edge
of notopodial cirri; up to 3 filaments present. Stems reduced.
Filaments longer than notopodial cirri.
Neuropodial acicular lobes (Figure 43i) rounded; anterior
setigers with small rounded tabs dorsal to emergence of
aciculae; tabs absent in posterior setigers; aciculae emerging at
midline. Lateral body wall forming low ridges with acicular
lobes at distal ends from about setiger 25. Pre- and postsetal
lobes low folds; anterior presetal lobes distinctly lower than
acicular lobes; in posterior setigers all 3 lobes paralleling each
other closely. First 4 ventral cirri thick and tapering. Ventral
cirri basally inflated from about setiger 5. Inflated bases
distinct, inflated ridges along ventral side of neuropodia in all
later setigers; narrow tips tapering or digitiform. Anterior
notopodial cirri tapering with 4 articulations; number of
articulations reduced to one in posterior setigers; notopodial
cirri becoming digitiform in far posterior setigers.
Limbate setae slender, very finely serrated. Pectinate setae
(Figure 43m) very small, with slender shafts. Blades furled,
flaring. Both marginal teeth longer than other teeth, with -12
teeth. Shafts of compound falcigers distinctly inflated and
marginally serrated; beaks distinct. Anterior appendages
(Figure 43j) tapering, bidentate. Proximal teeth larger than
distal teeth; both teeth tapering, distally curved towards each
other, forming a crabclaw-like distal end. Posterior appendages
(Figure 431) shorter and more abruptly tapering than anterior
ones, bidentate. Proximal teeth much larger than distal teeth,
triangular, directed laterally. Distal teeth slender, tapering and
nearly erect. Guards symmetrically rounded and marginally
serrated in all setigers; mucros absent. Pseudocompound
falcigers and compound spinigers absent. Aciculae paired
anteriorly, single posteriorly, amber-colored, tapering to
straight tips; cross-section round. Subacicular hooks (Figure
43k) pale amber, bidentate. Hooks first present from setiger 87
(78 in paratype), missing in many setigers, always single
(except for replacements). Hooks gently sigmoid, tapering,
with distinct head. Proximal teeth larger than distal teeth,
directed laterally. Distal teeth very small, directed obliquely
distally. Guards distally rounded.
UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Jaw structure;
pygidium and anal cirri.
EXPECTED STATES OF SELECTED UNKNOWN FEATURES.—
Mx III short, forming part of distal arc with left Mx IV.
CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT
SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 34, 56, 60. Unknown
Characters: 1, 2, 36-40, 42, 74, 78.
ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.—37,1;
38,1.
REMARKS.—The original material of E. cariboea consisted
of three species; most of the type lots, four specimens in ZMC
and five in ZMB, belong to an abranchiate species with dark
brown to black subacicular hooks and aciculae and smooth
antennae. These specimens arc here considered as E. cariboea,
for which a lectotypc was designated above. Some specimens,
currently in ZMH, were designated as types of E. gagzoi by
Augcncr (1922b). Finally, two specimens from ZMC arc here
described as E. excariboea.
Eunice excariboea is listed with similar species in Tables 33
and 36. Perhaps the most outstanding feature of this species is
the very late start of both branchiae and subacicular hooks. It
can be separated from all other species listed in Table 36 by
having the notopodial cirri articulated throughout; the other
species in this table lack notopodial articulations.
Eunice fasciata (Risso, 1826)
Leodice fasciata Risso, 1826:421.
Eunice fasciata.—Heider, 1925:55-59, figs. 3-6.
Eunice torquata.—Grube, 1878a:99.—Fauvel, 1923:401.
REMARKS.—No material is available; the species was
referred doubtfully to Eunice torquata by Grube (1878:99) and
Fauvel (1923:401). Heider (1925), in a brilliant study of the
anterior anatomy of two species from the Mediterranean, gave
a detailed description of a species he called E. fasciata. His
arguments for identifying his material as Risso's species
amounts to an assertion that "there can be no doubt that his
(Ehlers, 1868:312, of E. harassii) description... refers loEunice
fasciata" (Heider, 1925:59). There is nothing in Risso's
original description to support this assertion. The material
Heider studied belongs to Eunice torquata.
Risso's species is insufficiently known to assign it even to
group and is here considered wholly indeterminable.
62. Eunice fauveli Gravier, 1900
FIGURE 44; TABLES 33,35
Eunice fauveli Gravier, 1900: 236-239, figs. 89-93, pi. 12: fig. 60.
MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype, MNHN, Paris, Obock,
Red Sea, coll. J. Jousseaume, 1894.