A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

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124 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY lae single in most parapodia, with dark brown to black cores and clear sheaths, distally tapering to slender, gently curved tips; cross-section round. Subacicular hooks (Figure 38g) with dark brown to black cores and clear sheaths, bidentate. Hooks first present from setiger 81, present in less than half the next 100 setigers, becoming more frequent in posterior half of body and present in all setigers near posterior end of specimen, always single (except for replacements). Hooks slender, tapering smoothly, with very small heads. Proximal teeth triangular and directed laterally; distal teeth nearly erect and sharply tapered; at junction between teeth small, sharply pointed bosses on both sides of hooks, making hooks appear quadridentate in frontal view. UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Relationship between Mx III and left Mx IV; all features associated with far posterior setigers, including branchial distribution; pygidium and anal cirri. EXPECTED STATES OF UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEA- TURES.—Mx III forms a distal arc with left Mx IV; branchiae continued to near the posterior end. CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 22, 56, 58, 59. Unknown Characters: 1,2,11,12, 36-38,40,42. ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.—11,2; 12,2; 37,1; 38,1. REMARKS.—Eunice djiboutiensis was distinguished from E. aphroditois on the structure of the subacicular hooks. It is listed with similar species in Tables 27 and 28. In contrast to E. aphroditois, it lacks inflated bases to the posterior ventral cirri. As usual in the genus, the very large specimens often lose the subacicular hooks over large fractions of the body regions in which they would be expected to be present. Gravier had two specimens; the other specimen must have dissected for the jaw structure because the specimen examined for this study had not been dissected. Eunice dubia Woodworth, 1907 Eunice dubia Woodworth, 1907:11-12, pi. 1: figs. 4-6, pi. 2: fig. 15. Lysidice falax Woodworth, 1903:881. REMARKS.—The name Eunice dubia was proposed for the epitokous spawning ends of a palola by Woodworth. He had previously referred to the same specimens as Lysidice falax. No material is available and the illustration of the parapodia indicates that no subacicular hooks or pectinate setae were present. The species is here considered belonging to the genus Palola. 54. Eunice dubitata Fauchald, 1974 FIGURE 39a-g; TABLES 4,24,25 Eunice dubitalus Fauchald, 1974b:18-21, fig. 2a-f [note original, incorrect ending of species name]. MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Holotype and 3 paratypes, ZM Bergen, 55042 and 55043, Hardangerfjorden, S of Huglhamaren, 59°48'42"N, O5°35'1O"E, 260-180 m, coral bottom, Hardangerfjords-undcrsOkelscne St. Z13/59, Square H48-18, 6 Jun 1959. COMMENTS ON MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Body shape and parapodial structures arc difficult to identify properly because of the poor fixation of the specimens. DESCRIPTION.—Holotype incomplete, of unknown sex, with -113 setigers; length 120 mm; maximal width 7 mm at setiger 10; length through setiger 10, 16 mm. Paratypes of unknown sex; with 48 and 92 setigers; length 52 and 134 mm; maximal width and length through setiger 10 about as in holotype. All specimens basically cylindrical, with slightly flattened dorsum. Prostomium (Figure 39c) distinctly shorter and narrower than peristomium, as deep as '/2 of the pcristomium. Prostomial lobes frontally rounded, dorsally inflated; median sulcus shallow. Eyes between bases of A-I and A-II. Antennae in shallow horseshoe, evenly spaced; A-I thicker than A-II and A-I 11. Ccratophorcs ring-shaped in all antennae, without articulations. Ceratostylcs of A-I basally slightly inflated; other ccratostyles tapering, with up to 10 irregular articulations; articulations basally cylindrical, becoming drop-shaped distally. A-I to posterior pcristomial ring; A-II to setiger 1 in holotype and sctigcr 3 in one paratype; A-I 11 to setiger 3 in holotype and setiger 5 in one paratype. Antcnnal length of other paratype resembling holotype closely. Peristomium cylindrical; lower lip deeply scalloped. Separation between rings distinct dorsally and ventrally; anterior ring 5 /6 of total peristomial length. Peristomial cirri to posterior edge of prostomium in holotype and middle of prostomium in paratypes, slender and digitiform, with 4 to 7 articulations. Maxillary formula of large paratype 1+1, 7+7, 6+0, 6+8, 1+1, and 1+1. Mx VI present. Mx III relatively long, but forming distal arc with left Mx IV. Branchiae (Figure 39g) present, palmate, distinctly shorter than notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region. Branchiae from setiger 3 (4 and 5 in paratypes) to setiger 38 (38 and 48 in paratypes). Branchiae terminating well before posterior end, on less than 55% of total number of setigers. First several branchiae very short, button-shaped; occurrence of branchiae from about setiger 25 very irregular. First 5-6 and last 10-15 branchiae single filaments; maximum 3 filaments at about setiger 10-20; even in this region most branchiae with 2 filaments only. Branchial stems reduced to short, basal area. Filaments digitiform, shorter than notopodial cirri. Neuropodial acicular lobes truncate or rounded; aciculae emerging at midline. Pre- and postsetal lobes low, transverse folds. Ventral cirri without inflation in -10 setigers. Bases inflated from about setiger 10. Bases ovate; narrow tips tapering. Inflated bases reduced from about setiger 35 and lost by setiger 40. Remainder of ventral cirri thick, digitiform. Anterior notopodial cirri basally inflated, tapering to long, slender tips, with 5 to 7 articulations. Notopodial cirri without articulations by setiger 20, reaching nearly middle of body in most setigers.
NUMBER 523 125 FIGURE 39.—Eunice dubitata (hololypc, ZM Bergen, 55042): a, compound falciger, parapodium 110; b, subacicular hook, parapodium 110; c, anterior end, lateral view; d, acicula, parapodium 14; e, pectinate seta, parapodium 110; f, compound falciger, parapodium 14; g, parapodium 14, anterior view. Eunice edwardsi (holotype, BM(NH) ZK. 1885.12.1.3): h, anterior end, lateral view. (Scale bars in mm.)
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* A Review of the Genus Eunice (Pol
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S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B
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Contents Page Introduction 1 Nomenc
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NUMBER 523 Eunice brevis (Ehlers, 1
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NUMBER 523 vii Eunice longicirris G
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NUMBER 523 ix Eunice stanleyi, new
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A Review of the Genus Eunice (Polyc
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NUMBER 523 (1820) are exemplary as
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NUMBER 523 included, but not specie
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NUMBER 523 subsequent workers. They
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NUMBER 523 illustrations. Seial len
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NUMBER 523 11 uniformly yellowish g
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NUMBER 523 13 to the frontal jaws (
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NUMBER 523 15 be longer than the ot
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NUMBER 523 17 rounded lobe about as
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NUMBER 523 19 Both outgroup species
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NUMBER 523 21 By "near posterior en
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NUMBER 523 23 69. dentition of appe
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NUMBER 523 25 Eunice djiboutiensis
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NUMBER 523 27 pauper a Grube, 1878b
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NUMBER 523 29 length of antennae in
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NUMBER 523 31 peristomium rubra 32(
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NUMBER 523 33 sulcus shallow tentac
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NUMBER 523 35 Peristomial cirri dig
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NUMBER 523 37 peristomial cirri dig
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NUMBER 523 39 Branchiae palmate [Fi
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NUMBER 523 41 .1 .05 1 5 d b c FIGU
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NUMBER 523 43 .02 .1 c, d FIGURE 4.
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NUMBER 523 45 and 49. In addition t
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NUMBER 523 47 4. Eunice afra Peters
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NUMBER 523 49 median antennae simil
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NUMBER 523 51 afuerensis and E. pel
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NUMBER 523 53 reaching beyond anter
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NUMBER 523 55 .02 .1 1 b. c d FIGUR
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NUMBER 523 57 FIGURE 10.—Eunice a
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NUMBER 523 59 TABLE 2.—Variable a
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NUMBER 523 61 .02 .5 .5 .1 2 e. f,
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NUMBER 523 63 .02 1 .1 f, y, h C FI
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NUMBER 523 65 midline. Pre- and pos
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NUMBER 523 67 Subacicular hooks (Fi
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NUMBER 523 69 REMARKS.—Eunice arm
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NUMBER 523 71 REMARKS.—Eunice art
Page 85 and 86: NUMBER 523 73 FIGURE 17.—Eunice a
Page 87 and 88: NUMBER 523 75 • 02 , d a FIGURE 1
Page 89 and 90: NUMBER 523 77 Proximal teeth larger
Page 91 and 92: NUMBER 523 79 FIGURE 20.—Eunice b
Page 93 and 94: NUMBER 523 81 been unable to see th
Page 95 and 96: NUMBER 523 83 in 120-150 m depth. T
Page 101 and 102: NUMBER 523 89 FlOURE 24.—Eunice b
Page 103 and 104: NUMBER 523 91 compound falcigcrs (F
Page 105 and 106: NUMBER 523 93 EXPECTED STATE OF UNK
Page 109 and 110: NUMBER 523 97 FIGURE 29.—Eunice c
Page 111 and 112: NUMBER 523 99 TABLE 3.—Variable a
Page 113 and 114: NUMBER 523 101 characters, best exp
Page 115 and 116: NUMBER 523 103 diagnostic." As indi
Page 117 and 118: NUMBER 523 105 FIGURE 31.—Eunice
Page 119 and 120: NUMBER 523 107 very short. Shafts s
Page 121 and 122: NUMBER 523 109 Presetal lobes low,
Page 123 and 124: NUMBER 523 111 which are similar to
Page 125 and 126: NUMBER 523 113 45. Eunice complanat
Page 127 and 128: NUMBER 523 FIGURE 35.—Eunice cong
Page 129 and 130: NUMBER 523 117 REMARKS.—Eunice co
Page 131 and 132: NUMBER 523 119 50. Eunice curticirr
Page 133 and 134: NUMBER 523 121 Anterior neuropodial
Page 135: NUMBER 523 123 a wide triangular ba
Page 139 and 140: NUMBER 523 127 55. Eunice edwardsi
Page 141 and 142: NUMBER 523 129 reduced, but still v
Page 143 and 144: NUMBER 523 131 1 2 .5 1 1 a h d h,
Page 145 and 146: NUMBER 523 133 cirri did not reach
Page 149 and 150: NUMBER 523 137 J .02 .1 1 a c, e d
Page 151 and 152: NUMBER 523 139 .0 2 1 2 1 .1 .5 1 h
Page 153 and 154: NUMBER 523 141 peristomium. Prostom
Page 155 and 156: NUMBER 523 143 shorter than filamen
Page 159 and 160: NUMBER 523 147 TABLE 5.—Variable
Page 163 and 164: NUMBER 523 151 .02 1 1 .1 f. g, h b
Page 165 and 166: NUMBER 523 153 complete specimen).
Page 167 and 168: NUMBER 523 155 branchiae is rare in
Page 169 and 170: NUMBER 523 157 Limbate and pectinat
Page 171 and 172: NUMBER 523 159 indistinct in both a
Page 173 and 174: NUMBER 523 161 79. Eunice grubei Gr
Page 175 and 176: NUMBER 523 163 Prostomium (Figure 5
Page 177 and 178: NUMBER 523 165 24, present in all s
Page 181 and 182: NUMBER 523 169 85. Eunice hawaiensi
Page 183 and 184: NUMBER 523 171 105 setigers; total
Page 185 and 186: NUMBER 523 173 dorsally and especia
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NUMBER 523 175 FIGURE 57.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 177 Filaments slender. N
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NUMBER 523 179 tween Mx III and lef
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Page 195 and 196:
NUMBER 523 183 transverse folds. Al
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NUMBER 523 185 CHARACTERS USED IN P
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NUMBER 523 187 • 02 .5 ] .1 2 .5
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NUMBER 523 189 02 FIGURE 62.—Euni
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NUMBER 523 191 .02 1 .1 e. t, q h.
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Page 207 and 208:
NUMBER 523 195 FlOURE 65.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 197 Peristomial cirri to
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NUMBER 523 201 near posterior end,
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NUMBER 523 203 TABLE 6.—Variable
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NUMBER 523 207 falcigers agree well
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NUMBER 523 209 cirri, not reduced i
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NUMBER 523 211 Limbate setae margin
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Page 227 and 228:
Page 229 and 230:
NUMBER 523 217 EXPECTED STATES OF U
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Page 233 and 234:
NUMBER 523 221 articulations in A-1
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NUMBER 523 223 J32 J b, c, d a FIGU
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NUMBER 523 225 1 10 b, d, e, g. h,
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NUMBER 523 227 126. Eunice multicyl
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Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
NUMBER 523 233 tion between rings d
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NUMBER 523 235 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
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NUMBER 523 237 visible ventrally; a
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NUMBER 523 241 proximally cylindric
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NUMBER 523 243 digitiform. Anterior
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NUMBER 523 245 Eunice oliga papeete
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NUMBER 523 247 h. i FIGURE 82.—Eu
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NUMBER 523 249 DESCRIPTION.—Body
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NUMBER 523 253 the type, there is l
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NUMBER 523 255 directed laterally,
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NUMBER 523 257 2 1 .1 b, c, », h d
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NUMBER 523 259 RGURE 86.—Eunice p
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NUMBER 523 261 colored, tridentate
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NUMBER 523 263 papeetensis has expa
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Page 279 and 280:
NUMBER 523 267 These two species ar
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NUMBER 523 269 MATERIAL EXAMINED.
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NUMBER 523 271 evenly spaced, simil
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Page 289 and 290:
NUMBER 523 277 Peristomial cirri to
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NUMBER 523 279 18+0, 12+12, and 1+1
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NUMBER 523 281 than peristomium, as
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NUMBER 523 285 167. Eunice reducta
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NUMBER 523 287 articulations. Grube
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NUMBER 523 291 antennae, without ar
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NUMBER 523 295 Jaws not examined. B
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NUMBER 523 297 posiscial lobes low,
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NUMBER 523 299 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
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NUMBER 523 303 smaller specimens. M
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NUMBER 523 305 thereafter, always s
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NUMBER 523 307 The ceratostyles lac
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NUMBER 523 311 184. Eunice stigmatu
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NUMBER 523 313 Eunice stigmalura is
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NUMBER 523 31! .1 .5 a, b, c t n h
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NUMBER 523 317 Hartman (1956, as E.
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NUMBER 523 319 REMARKS.—Eunice th
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NUMBER 523 321 without articulation
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NUMBER 523 325 from setiger 5 throu
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NUMBER 523 327 appendages long, kni
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NUMBER 523 329 superior aciculae li
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NUMBER 523 331 b. c, e, f, g, h. i,
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NUMBER 523 333 paratype consisted o
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Page 349 and 350:
NUMBER 523 337 always single (excep
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Page 353 and 354:
NUMBER 523 341 1 .05 I 1 h a FIGURE
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NUMBER 523 343 3 A of total peristo
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NUMBER 523 345 Characters: 1, 2, 13
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NUMBER 523 347 TABLE 21.—Comparis
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Appendix A Character List for Eunic
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NUMBER 523 377 4. digitiform 5. cla
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NUMBER 523 379 5.03 13.U 14,U 15,3
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NUMBER 523 381 16.07 16.08 16.09 17
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NUMBER 523 383 28.01 biformicirrata
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NUMBER 523 385 39.03 39.04 39.05 39
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NUMBER 523 387 50.07 50.08 50.09 51
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NUMBER 523 389 62.01 62.02 62.03 62
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NUMBER 523 391 73.04 73.05 73.06 73
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NUMBER 523 393 84.07 84.08 84.09 85
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NUMBER 523 395 96.01 kerguelensis 9
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NUMBER 523 397 107.04 25,3 26,3 27,
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NUMBER 523 399 118.07 118.08 118.09
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NUMBER 523 401 130.01 mutilata 130.
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NUMBER 523 403 141.03 15.U 16,U 17.
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NUMBER 523 405 152.05 35,5 36,28 37
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NUMBER 523 407 164.07 164.08 164.09
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NUMBER 523 409 176.01 savignyi 176.
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NUMBER 523 411 187.04 24,U 25,4 26.
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NUMBER 523 413 198.07 55,2 56- 58-
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Appendix C Important publications o
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NUMBER 523 417 1919c. Pacific Coast
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NUMBER 523 419 Videnskabers Selskab
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NUMBER 523 421 38:1-74,37 figures.
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REQUIREMENTS FOR SMITHSONIAN SERIES
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