A Review of the Genus Eunice - Smithsonian Institution Libraries

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104 SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY Eunice cirribranchis Grube, 1870 Eunice cirribranchis Grube, 1870b:55; 1878a:99. REMARKS.—Grube characterized this species briefly as having strongly articulated, moniliform antennae; branchiae present from setiger 6 through 72 (of 123 segments present) and with only a single branchial filament. Peristomial cirri and notopodial cirri lacked articulations. Branchiae and notopodial cirri were similar in length. Grube (1878a:99) listed the species among those that had branchiae limited to some anteromedian setigers, and distinctly articulated antennae, in his subgenus Leodice; most other members in this grouping are now considered members of group C-l. Eunice cirribranchis is, however, so poorly characterized that without access to the types and additional material, it must be considered indeterminable. It was originally described from Fiji. 40. Eunice cirrobranchiata Mclntosh, 1885 FIGURE 31a-h; TABLES 33,36,52, 53 Eunice cirrobranchiata Mclntosh, 1885:277-278, pi. 38: figs. 9-11, pi. 19A: figs. 21-24. MATERIAL EXAMINED.—Two syntypes, BM(NH) ZK. 1885.12.1.196a. Bermuda, between tidemarks, Jun 1873. COMMENTS.—Both syntypes are incomplete; the larger one has been frontally dissected and most setae are broken. DESCRIPTION.—Large syntype with 123 setigers; length 30 mm; maximal width 3 mm; length through setiger 10, 6 mm. Small syntype with 45 setigers; length 18 mm; maximal width 3 mm; length through setiger 10, 5.5 mm. All segments very short and crowded; parapodia supported on high triangular lateral ridges in posterior ends of both fragments. Prostomium (Figure 31a, illustration of small syntype) distinctly shorter and narrower than peristomium, as deep as x li of the peristomium. Prostomial lobes frontally rounded, dorsally excavate with a thickened rim; median sulcus shallow. Eyes posterior to bases of A-I, black. Antennae in horseshoe, evenly spaced, similar in thickness. Ceratophores ring-shaped in all antennae, without articulations. Ceratostyles thick and digitiform, with up to 3 irregular, cylindrical articulations each, in addition to wrinkles. Antennae to middle or posterior end of peristomium; A-I shortest; A-III longest. Peristomium cylindrical with distinct muscular lower lip. Separation between rings distinct dorsally; anterior ring 9 /io of total peristomial length; a shallow crease dividing ventral side with anterior part 5 /6 of total length of ventral side. Dorsal and ventral grooves not matching. Peristomial cirri to middle of peristomium, without articulations. Maxillary formula 1+1, 5+5, 6+0, 1+6, and 1+1. Mx VI absent. Mx III short, part of distal arc with Mx IV and V. Branchiae present, palmate, distinctly longer than notopodial cirri, not reduced in mid-body region. Branchiae from setigcr 22 in small and from setiger 30 in large syntypc, continued to ends of fragments. Maximally 2 long, narrow branchial filaments present; most segments with single filaments. Anterior ncuropodial acicular lobes truncate, from about setigcr 25, acicular lobes reduced, represented by single, large aciculae emerging directly from body wall (Figure 310; aciculae emerging at midline. Body wall forming high transverse ridges on both sides of the body. Pre- and postsetal lobes follow outline of acicular lobes closely. First 4 ventral cirri thick and digitiform. Bases of ventral cirri increasingly elongated from setiger 5, with short digitiform tips in all setigers. From about setiger 20 ventral cirri elongated, glandular ridges making up lower edge of fleshy ridges supporting setae. All noiopodial cirri medially inflated, without articulations, longer in posterior than in anterior sciigcrs. Shafts of pectinate setae (Figure 3Id) slender, cylindrical. Blades flared, furled, forming an open scoop. Both marginal teeth slightly longer than other teeth, with -15 teeth. Shafts of compound falcigcrs (Figure 31c,h) inflated, marginally smooth; distal beaks and internal striations absent. Appendages short; heads relatively large, bidcntaic. Proximal teeth larger than distal teeth, tapering, directed laterally. Distal teeth short, tapering, directed obliquely distally or laterally. Guards symmetrically rounded, marginally frayed in most hooks, without mucros. Pseudocompound falcigers and compound spinigers absent. Aciculae single (Figure 31b,g), very heavy, with light to dark brown cores and clear sheaths, with distinct narrow neck, asymmetrically hammer-headed distally; distal ends of acicular shafts curved in some parapodia; crosssections round. Subacicular hooks (Figure 31e) with dark brown cores and clear sheaths, bidentate or tridentate with teeth in tandem. Hooks first present from setiger 17 or 24, present in all setigers thereafter, always single (except for replacements). Hooks strongly curved, strongly beaked in appearance. Main fangs very large and curved, with paired lateral denticles in some hooks; distal fangs smaller but similar in shape. UNKNOWN MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES.—Features associated with far posterior setigers; pygidium and anal cirri. EXPECTED STATES OF SELECTED UNKNOWN FEATURES.— None. CHARACTERS USED IN PREPARATION OF KEY NOT SCORED.—Inappropriate Characters: 34, 56, 60. Unknown Characters: 1, 2,4, 6, 36-40,63. ASSUMED STATES FOR PURPOSE OF PREPARING KEY.—37,1; 38,1. REMARKS.—Eunice cirrobranchiata is usually considered a synonym of E.fdamentosa (see Hartman, 1959) and little in the description of the two species differs. Mclntosh stated that he had only a single 30 mm anterior fragment at his disposal and that specimen had been dried out. The larger of the two specimens is certainly the one described by Mclntosh; all information given matches the specimen closely. It does not appear to have been seriously dried out. The provenance of the
NUMBER 523 105 FIGURE 31.—Eunice cirrobranchiata (holotype, BM(NH) ZK 1885 12.1.196a): a, anterior end, lateral view; b, acicula, parapodium 30; c, compound falciger, parapodium 30; d, pectinate seta, parapodium 30; e, subacicular hook, parapodium 30; f, parapodium 30, anterior view; g, acicula, parapodium 40; h, compound falciger, parapodium 40. Eunice coccinea (syntype, ZMB 866): i, pectinate seta, parapodium 10; j, compound falciger, parapodium 10; k, acicula, parapodium 10; 1, pectinate seta, parapodium 55; m, subacicular hook, parapodium 55; n, parapodium 10, anterior view; o, anterior end, lateral view; p, parapodium 55, anterior view. (Scale bars in mm.)
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* A Review of the Genus Eunice (Pol
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S M I T H S O N I A N C O N T R I B
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Contents Page Introduction 1 Nomenc
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NUMBER 523 Eunice brevis (Ehlers, 1
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NUMBER 523 vii Eunice longicirris G
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NUMBER 523 ix Eunice stanleyi, new
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A Review of the Genus Eunice (Polyc
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NUMBER 523 (1820) are exemplary as
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NUMBER 523 included, but not specie
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NUMBER 523 subsequent workers. They
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NUMBER 523 illustrations. Seial len
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NUMBER 523 11 uniformly yellowish g
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NUMBER 523 13 to the frontal jaws (
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NUMBER 523 15 be longer than the ot
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NUMBER 523 17 rounded lobe about as
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NUMBER 523 19 Both outgroup species
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NUMBER 523 21 By "near posterior en
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NUMBER 523 23 69. dentition of appe
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NUMBER 523 25 Eunice djiboutiensis
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NUMBER 523 27 pauper a Grube, 1878b
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NUMBER 523 29 length of antennae in
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NUMBER 523 31 peristomium rubra 32(
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NUMBER 523 33 sulcus shallow tentac
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NUMBER 523 35 Peristomial cirri dig
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NUMBER 523 37 peristomial cirri dig
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NUMBER 523 39 Branchiae palmate [Fi
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NUMBER 523 41 .1 .05 1 5 d b c FIGU
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NUMBER 523 43 .02 .1 c, d FIGURE 4.
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NUMBER 523 45 and 49. In addition t
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NUMBER 523 47 4. Eunice afra Peters
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NUMBER 523 49 median antennae simil
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NUMBER 523 51 afuerensis and E. pel
Page 65 and 66: NUMBER 523 53 reaching beyond anter
Page 67 and 68: NUMBER 523 55 .02 .1 1 b. c d FIGUR
Page 69 and 70: NUMBER 523 57 FIGURE 10.—Eunice a
Page 71 and 72: NUMBER 523 59 TABLE 2.—Variable a
Page 73 and 74: NUMBER 523 61 .02 .5 .5 .1 2 e. f,
Page 75 and 76: NUMBER 523 63 .02 1 .1 f, y, h C FI
Page 77 and 78: NUMBER 523 65 midline. Pre- and pos
Page 79 and 80: NUMBER 523 67 Subacicular hooks (Fi
Page 81 and 82: NUMBER 523 69 REMARKS.—Eunice arm
Page 83 and 84: NUMBER 523 71 REMARKS.—Eunice art
Page 85 and 86: NUMBER 523 73 FIGURE 17.—Eunice a
Page 87 and 88: NUMBER 523 75 • 02 , d a FIGURE 1
Page 89 and 90: NUMBER 523 77 Proximal teeth larger
Page 91 and 92: NUMBER 523 79 FIGURE 20.—Eunice b
Page 93 and 94: NUMBER 523 81 been unable to see th
Page 95 and 96: NUMBER 523 83 in 120-150 m depth. T
Page 101 and 102: NUMBER 523 89 FlOURE 24.—Eunice b
Page 103 and 104: NUMBER 523 91 compound falcigcrs (F
Page 105 and 106: NUMBER 523 93 EXPECTED STATE OF UNK
Page 109 and 110: NUMBER 523 97 FIGURE 29.—Eunice c
Page 111 and 112: NUMBER 523 99 TABLE 3.—Variable a
Page 113 and 114: NUMBER 523 101 characters, best exp
Page 115: NUMBER 523 103 diagnostic." As indi
Page 119 and 120: NUMBER 523 107 very short. Shafts s
Page 121 and 122: NUMBER 523 109 Presetal lobes low,
Page 123 and 124: NUMBER 523 111 which are similar to
Page 125 and 126: NUMBER 523 113 45. Eunice complanat
Page 127 and 128: NUMBER 523 FIGURE 35.—Eunice cong
Page 129 and 130: NUMBER 523 117 REMARKS.—Eunice co
Page 131 and 132: NUMBER 523 119 50. Eunice curticirr
Page 133 and 134: NUMBER 523 121 Anterior neuropodial
Page 135 and 136: NUMBER 523 123 a wide triangular ba
Page 137 and 138: NUMBER 523 125 FIGURE 39.—Eunice
Page 139 and 140: NUMBER 523 127 55. Eunice edwardsi
Page 141 and 142: NUMBER 523 129 reduced, but still v
Page 143 and 144: NUMBER 523 131 1 2 .5 1 1 a h d h,
Page 145 and 146: NUMBER 523 133 cirri did not reach
Page 149 and 150: NUMBER 523 137 J .02 .1 1 a c, e d
Page 151 and 152: NUMBER 523 139 .0 2 1 2 1 .1 .5 1 h
Page 153 and 154: NUMBER 523 141 peristomium. Prostom
Page 155 and 156: NUMBER 523 143 shorter than filamen
Page 159 and 160: NUMBER 523 147 TABLE 5.—Variable
Page 163 and 164: NUMBER 523 151 .02 1 1 .1 f. g, h b
Page 165 and 166: NUMBER 523 153 complete specimen).
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NUMBER 523 155 branchiae is rare in
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NUMBER 523 157 Limbate and pectinat
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NUMBER 523 159 indistinct in both a
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NUMBER 523 161 79. Eunice grubei Gr
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NUMBER 523 163 Prostomium (Figure 5
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NUMBER 523 165 24, present in all s
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NUMBER 523 167 FIGURE 54.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 169 85. Eunice hawaiensi
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NUMBER 523 171 105 setigers; total
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NUMBER 523 173 dorsally and especia
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Page 189 and 190:
NUMBER 523 177 Filaments slender. N
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NUMBER 523 179 tween Mx III and lef
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Page 195 and 196:
NUMBER 523 183 transverse folds. Al
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NUMBER 523 185 CHARACTERS USED IN P
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NUMBER 523 187 • 02 .5 ] .1 2 .5
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NUMBER 523 189 02 FIGURE 62.—Euni
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NUMBER 523 191 .02 1 .1 e. t, q h.
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Page 207 and 208:
NUMBER 523 195 FlOURE 65.—Eunice
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NUMBER 523 197 Peristomial cirri to
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NUMBER 523 201 near posterior end,
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NUMBER 523 203 TABLE 6.—Variable
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NUMBER 523 207 falcigers agree well
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NUMBER 523 209 cirri, not reduced i
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NUMBER 523 211 Limbate setae margin
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NUMBER 523 217 EXPECTED STATES OF U
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NUMBER 523 221 articulations in A-1
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NUMBER 523 223 J32 J b, c, d a FIGU
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NUMBER 523 225 1 10 b, d, e, g. h,
Page 239 and 240:
NUMBER 523 227 126. Eunice multicyl
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
NUMBER 523 233 tion between rings d
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NUMBER 523 235 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
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NUMBER 523 237 visible ventrally; a
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Page 253 and 254:
NUMBER 523 241 proximally cylindric
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NUMBER 523 243 digitiform. Anterior
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NUMBER 523 245 Eunice oliga papeete
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NUMBER 523 247 h. i FIGURE 82.—Eu
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NUMBER 523 249 DESCRIPTION.—Body
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NUMBER 523 253 the type, there is l
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NUMBER 523 255 directed laterally,
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NUMBER 523 257 2 1 .1 b, c, », h d
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NUMBER 523 259 RGURE 86.—Eunice p
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NUMBER 523 261 colored, tridentate
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NUMBER 523 263 papeetensis has expa
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NUMBER 523 267 These two species ar
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NUMBER 523 269 MATERIAL EXAMINED.
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NUMBER 523 271 evenly spaced, simil
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NUMBER 523 277 Peristomial cirri to
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NUMBER 523 279 18+0, 12+12, and 1+1
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NUMBER 523 281 than peristomium, as
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NUMBER 523 285 167. Eunice reducta
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NUMBER 523 287 articulations. Grube
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NUMBER 523 291 antennae, without ar
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NUMBER 523 295 Jaws not examined. B
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NUMBER 523 297 posiscial lobes low,
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NUMBER 523 299 ASSUMED STATES FOR P
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NUMBER 523 303 smaller specimens. M
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NUMBER 523 305 thereafter, always s
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NUMBER 523 307 The ceratostyles lac
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NUMBER 523 311 184. Eunice stigmatu
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NUMBER 523 313 Eunice stigmalura is
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NUMBER 523 31! .1 .5 a, b, c t n h
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NUMBER 523 317 Hartman (1956, as E.
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NUMBER 523 319 REMARKS.—Eunice th
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NUMBER 523 321 without articulation
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NUMBER 523 325 from setiger 5 throu
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NUMBER 523 327 appendages long, kni
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NUMBER 523 329 superior aciculae li
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NUMBER 523 331 b. c, e, f, g, h. i,
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NUMBER 523 333 paratype consisted o
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NUMBER 523 337 always single (excep
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NUMBER 523 341 1 .05 I 1 h a FIGURE
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NUMBER 523 343 3 A of total peristo
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NUMBER 523 345 Characters: 1, 2, 13
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NUMBER 523 347 TABLE 21.—Comparis
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Appendix A Character List for Eunic
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NUMBER 523 377 4. digitiform 5. cla
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NUMBER 523 379 5.03 13.U 14,U 15,3
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NUMBER 523 381 16.07 16.08 16.09 17
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NUMBER 523 383 28.01 biformicirrata
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NUMBER 523 385 39.03 39.04 39.05 39
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NUMBER 523 387 50.07 50.08 50.09 51
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NUMBER 523 389 62.01 62.02 62.03 62
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NUMBER 523 391 73.04 73.05 73.06 73
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NUMBER 523 393 84.07 84.08 84.09 85
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NUMBER 523 395 96.01 kerguelensis 9
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NUMBER 523 397 107.04 25,3 26,3 27,
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NUMBER 523 399 118.07 118.08 118.09
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NUMBER 523 401 130.01 mutilata 130.
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NUMBER 523 403 141.03 15.U 16,U 17.
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NUMBER 523 405 152.05 35,5 36,28 37
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NUMBER 523 407 164.07 164.08 164.09
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NUMBER 523 409 176.01 savignyi 176.
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NUMBER 523 411 187.04 24,U 25,4 26.
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NUMBER 523 413 198.07 55,2 56- 58-
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Appendix C Important publications o
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NUMBER 523 417 1919c. Pacific Coast
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NUMBER 523 419 Videnskabers Selskab
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NUMBER 523 421 38:1-74,37 figures.
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REQUIREMENTS FOR SMITHSONIAN SERIES
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