Cultural Identity Politics in the (Post-)Transitional Societies
Cultural Identity Politics in the (Post-)Transitional Societies
Cultural Identity Politics in the (Post-)Transitional Societies
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
<strong>Cultural</strong> identities <strong>in</strong> Sou<strong>the</strong>astern Europe - a post-transitional perspective<br />
of “transnational cultural identity” develops, and <strong>the</strong> number of transnational cultures<br />
<strong>in</strong>creases follow<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> migratory trends all over <strong>the</strong> world. The “overlapp<strong>in</strong>g cultures”<br />
(Novak Lukanovič, 1995) have, however, always been typical of many regions of <strong>the</strong><br />
world, and <strong>in</strong> history <strong>the</strong>y have not been l<strong>in</strong>ked exclusively to migration, but ra<strong>the</strong>r<br />
are a product of <strong>the</strong> changes of political borders and power <strong>in</strong>fluences. The k<strong>in</strong>d of<br />
cultural transnationalism that has developed <strong>in</strong> l<strong>in</strong>e with transnational production,<br />
trade and corporations, particularly <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> media and cultural <strong>in</strong>dustries, differs from<br />
<strong>the</strong> phenomena of overlapp<strong>in</strong>g cultures <strong>in</strong> that it reflects contemporary globalization<br />
trends and developments. However, transnational cultures appear to reflect more<br />
dynamic changes (<strong>in</strong> cultural and overall development) and to be a k<strong>in</strong>d of transitional<br />
phenomenon ra<strong>the</strong>r than an established culture.<br />
<strong>Cultural</strong> globalization strongly <strong>in</strong>fluences cultural identification and all present day<br />
cultural relationships where <strong>the</strong>re is <strong>in</strong>tegration, such as <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> EU, and at local and<br />
national levels. Global multiculture refers to <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>terconnected diversity of cultures, and<br />
<strong>the</strong>refore offers possibilities to def<strong>in</strong>e particular cultural identities <strong>in</strong> a wider, global or<br />
European context. It directly addresses <strong>in</strong>dividuals and <strong>the</strong>ir social status, enabl<strong>in</strong>g each<br />
person to choose a type of cultural identification accord<strong>in</strong>g to <strong>the</strong>ir own understand<strong>in</strong>g<br />
of a cultural context and <strong>the</strong> cultural values that create it.<br />
In <strong>the</strong> post-transitional perspective <strong>the</strong> Sou<strong>the</strong>ast European cultures follow such<br />
European and global trends. They are <strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>gly open to <strong>in</strong>tercultural communication<br />
that enables <strong>the</strong>ir faster <strong>in</strong>clusion <strong>in</strong> European trends and at <strong>the</strong> same time <strong>the</strong>ir<br />
more functional <strong>in</strong>ternal restructur<strong>in</strong>g. In this respect <strong>the</strong> EU provides a framework<br />
and a context that enable <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>troduction of new cultural practices and new types of<br />
cultural development at local levels, support<strong>in</strong>g at <strong>the</strong> same time cultural exchange and<br />
communication at <strong>the</strong> European and global levels.<br />
A conclud<strong>in</strong>g remark<br />
In <strong>the</strong> case of Sou<strong>the</strong>astern Europe <strong>in</strong>terpreted as a particular cultural space, or as<br />
a region, cultural identification is formatted through <strong>the</strong> structure of cultural space,<br />
specific cultural memories, cultural behaviour and exogeneous <strong>in</strong>fluences pervad<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong><br />
cultural space. <strong>Cultural</strong> identification <strong>in</strong>terpreted as a confluence between <strong>the</strong> economic,<br />
cultural and political trends has put a strong stress on <strong>in</strong>dividual cultural choices, through<br />
both <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>terpretation of cultures and through cultural consumption. It is supported<br />
by changes <strong>in</strong> cultural production that is becom<strong>in</strong>g more <strong>in</strong>dustrialized, commodified<br />
and mediatized through ei<strong>the</strong>r global or local markets. Such developments <strong>in</strong>dicate that<br />
processes of cultural transition are gett<strong>in</strong>g more def<strong>in</strong>ed and <strong>the</strong>y show a development<br />
l<strong>in</strong>e connect<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> departure from national and ethnic identification (legitimized<br />
through acceptance and affirmation of particular national and cultural collective<br />
identities) with a movement towards European and global open choices of values and<br />
standpo<strong>in</strong>ts (largely enabled by technological advances and new technologies).<br />
121