Volume 1 - The Atmospheric Studies Group at TRC

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The UP.DAT (upper-air) input file is designed to provide CALMET with vertical profiles of wind and temperature representative of the onshore flow at 00Z (mid to late afternoon) during the tracer sampling. Both 00Z and 12Z vertical profiles of wind and temperature are developed for four levels: surface, 10m, overwater mixing height, and model-top (3000m). The 00Z wind speed at 9m is extended to levels up to the mixing height using a stability-class-dependent power-law profile (A,B=0.07; C=0.10; D,E,F=0.15) and the speed at the model-top is set to that at the mixing height. The surface wind speed is set to that at 10m, which has been adjusted from the anemometer height to 10m.. Wind direction at all levels equals the release wind direction. Temperature at the surface equals the air temperature in the SEA.DAT file, and temperature aloft is computed from this using the temperature gradient dT/dz (in the SEA.DAT file) up to the overwater mixing height. The default CALMET temperature gradient -0.0045 ºK/m is used above the mixing height. Pressure is assumed to be 1013 mb at the surface, and decreases with height at 0.1 mb/m. Pismo Beach, California Description The tracer dispersion study in the Pismo Beach, California area was conducted along the California coast during five test days in December 1981 and five test days in June 1982 (Dabberdt et al., 1983, Brodzinsky et al., 1982, and Schacher et al., 1982). SF 6 tracer was released about 13m above the water from a boat located 6 to 8 km from shore, and sampled along an arc that covered about 15 km of the shoreline. Several samplers were also located along a shorter secondary arc approximately 7 km inland. Evaluation of OCD4 with this dataset focused on the one-hour average concentrations measured at the shoreline. Meteorological data used in the OCD4 evaluation dataset includes wind at 20.5m, temperature at 7m, and air-sea temperature difference measured at the release location, and vertical temperature gradient measured over the water by an aircraft. Geophysical Processing Gridded land use and terrain elevation data for the CALMET geophysical file are obtained from the USGS. The terrain data are from the one-degree 1:250,000-scale DEM dataset, with an approximate resolution of 90m. Land use data are from the 1:250,000-scale CTG dataset, with a resolution of 200m. Because the spatial variation in land use is the primary geophysical property for this application, a modeling grid is chosen that places each land use datapoint in the center of a model grid cell. The modeling grid chosen to cover the area is defined by: Map Projection: UTM (Zone 10N) Final Report Vol.1 38
Datum: NAS-C (North American 1927) SW Corner Coordinates (km): (708.1, 3864.1) Number of cells (nx,ny): (100,130) Cell Size (km): 0.200 The CALMET preprocessors TERREL, CTGPROC, and MAKEGEO are applied to convert the geophysical datasets to this modeling grid, creating the CALMET GEO.DAT file. Coordinate transformations are applied to the source and receptor locations listed in the OCD4 model runs in order to register these features to land use and terrain data in the GEO.DAT file. The OCD4 dataset uses a grid system that is referenced to a local latitude/longitude grid, as depicted in the OCD4 Users Guide (Dicristofaro and Hanna, 1989). These (x,y) coordinates are scaled to latitude/longitude by matching sampler location (x,y) coordinates with their position on the site map. The latitude/longitude positions obtained in this way are then transformed to the UTM (Zone 10N) map projection in datum NAS-C. The resulting map of the experiment region is shown in Figure 4-3. The beach area where nearly all of the coastline samplers are located falls into the barren classification, and this is consistent with area photographs. Significant terrain features do not influence these sampler locations, and probably do not affect the secondary samplers located further inland. Source & Receptor Characterization Tracer releases are characterized as modeled in the OCD4 evaluation. All are modeled with downwash, using the boat dimensions as a solid building with the length perpendicular to the wind. A minimal exit velocity is used to remove any momentum rise. All sampler locations are used as receptors, but additional ones are added to increase the density of receptor spacing along the two arcs in each experiment. Intermediate receptors are placed at approximately 100m intervals along the shoreline arc and 250m along the inland arc, with elevations interpolated from the actual sampler elevations. Two hundred forty-one (241) receptors are used in all. Final Report Vol.1 39
Page 1 and 2: Development of the Next Generation
Page 3 and 4: 1. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this
Page 5 and 6: • Prognostic Meteorological Model
Page 7 and 8: o 1: Maul (1980)-Carson (1973) o 2:
Page 9 and 10: into 50 tiles (90 RUC grid-points/t
Page 11 and 12: y H ( 1− 34.15z / L) 1/ 3 = (3-9)
Page 13 and 14: During execution, the bulk algorith
Page 15 and 16: Anemometer Height Adjustment for La
Page 17 and 18: T (ºK) g (m/s 2 ) temperature grav
Page 19 and 20: adjusted to account for the effect
Page 21 and 22: Two methods of supplying the timesc
Page 23 and 24: cell is the cell that determines th
Page 25 and 26: June 4 (1130-1230 CET) L. Turbulenc
Page 27 and 28: 4. MODEL PERFORMANCE EVALUATION 4.1
Page 29 and 30: The CALMET preprocessors TERREL, CT
Page 31 and 32: All sampler locations are used as r
Page 33 and 34: Table 4-2b Over-water Meteorologica
Page 35 and 36: Meteorological data used in the OCD
Page 37 and 38: . . CARPINTERIA, CA 3814 . UTM Nort
Page 39: Year Month Day Table 4-4 Over-water
Page 43 and 44: Table 4-5 Source Characterization f
Page 45 and 46: Table 4-6a Over-water Meteorologica
Page 47 and 48: Geophysical Processing Gridded land
Page 49 and 50: Table 4-7 Source Characterization f
Page 51 and 52: tape format called GF-3. These data
Page 53 and 54: . . Strait of Oresund 6230 6220 UTM
Page 55 and 56: . . Strait of Oresund 6230 6220 UTM
Page 57 and 58: Table 4-10 SEA.DAT Meteorological D
Page 59 and 60: the numbers refer to ICOARE values,
Page 61 and 62: that are simulated during the one-h
Page 63 and 64: 4.3 Evaluation Results Cameron, Car
Page 65 and 66: improve model performance relative
Page 67 and 68: Figure 4-7. Graphical depiction of
Page 75 and 76: Table 4-15 Performance Statistics f
Page 77 and 78: Performance of CALPUFF Configuratio
Page 79 and 80: Table 4-16 Performance Statistics f
Page 81 and 82: Table 4-16 (continued) Performance
Page 85 and 86: into CALPUFF, and the simulations a
Page 87 and 88: Table 4-18 Oresund Results with Min
Page 89 and 90: Table 4-20 Oresund Results with Min
Page 91 and 92:
Table 4-21 Performance Statistics f
Page 93 and 94:
4.4 Recommendations A minimum σ v
Page 95 and 96:
SEA.DAT and OZONE.DAT files are pro
Page 97 and 98:
36 34 32 30 Latitude 28 26 24 22 -1
Page 99 and 100:
WMO Number WBAN Number Station Iden
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
36 72363 72340 34 72249 72248 72235
Page 107 and 108:
36 34 32 41008 30 42035 42007 42040
Page 109 and 110:
36 34 32 30 Latitude 28 26 24 22 -1
Page 111 and 112:
COOP State Station Name Table 5-4.
Page 113 and 114:
COOP State Station Name Table 5-4.
Page 115 and 116:
Table 5-4. (Concluded) Hourly NWS P
Page 117 and 118:
Table 5-5. Ozone Stations Station I
Page 119 and 120:
Table 5-5. (Continued) Ozone Statio
Page 121 and 122:
Table 5-5. (Continued) Ozone Statio
Page 123 and 124:
36 317 339 361 383 405 427 449 471
Page 125 and 126:
- Figure 5-8. “Inputs/Outputs & R
Page 127 and 128:
6. REFERENCES Batchvarova, E. and S
Page 129 and 130:
Maat, N., C. Kraan, and W.A. Oost,
Page 131:
APPENDIX: COMPILATION OF A HIGH RES
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Volume 1 - The Atmospheric Studies Group at TRC

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