Volume 1 - The Atmospheric Studies Group at TRC
Volume 1 - The Atmospheric Studies Group at TRC Volume 1 - The Atmospheric Studies Group at TRC
TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Number & Title Page Number 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. MODELING SYSTEM FOR OCS APPLICATIONS: OVERVIEW 4 3. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM UPDATES 8 3.1 CALMET 8 3.2 CALPUFF 16 4. MODEL PERFORMANCE EVALUATION 25 4.1 Evaluation Datasets 25 4.2 Model Application & Evaluation Methods 54 4.3 Evaluation Results 61 4.4 Recommendations 91 5. STANDARD DATASET: GULF OF MEXICO 92 6. REFERENCES 125 APPENDIX: COMPILATION OF A HIGH RESOLUTION SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE DATASET FROM SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS FOR THE GULF OF MEXICO 129 Final Report Vol.1 i
1. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study is to develop an updated regulatory model for evaluating air quality impacts from emission sources located on federal waters on the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS). The United States Department of the Interior Minerals Management Service (MMS) is in charge of a national program to develop the mineral resources, including oil and gas and alternative energy sources (such as wind power), on the OCS waters of the United States. The areas of development are located at distances ranging from three miles to more than 100 miles from shore. In the early 1980s the MMS developed the Offshore & Coastal Dispersion (OCD) model (Hanna et al., 1985) to evaluate impacts from the so-called “non-reactive” pollutants (NO 2 , SO 2 , CO, PM) emitted from point, line, or area sources located over water. Since the science of dispersion modeling has made significant advances over the last couple of decades, there is a need to develop a model for application to emission sources on the OCS that incorporates, to the extent feasible, the most current knowledge and is versatile enough to be used in short-range as well as long-range applications. The goal of this study is to enhance an existing air quality model for applications involving overwater transport and coastal interaction effects. The objectives of the study are: • To perform a comprehensive review of existing models and to evaluate their applicability to offshore applications based on current knowledge of boundary layer and atmospheric dispersion in ocean and shoreline environments. • To revise or enhance an existing air quality model to make it suitable for offshore and coastal applications. • To develop a software package that includes the needed meteorological pre-processors, meteorological model, air quality model, source codes, test cases, and user’s guide. • To carry out sensitivity testing and evaluate model performance against available tracer data. The CALPUFF modeling system CALPUFF (Scire et al., 2000a, 2000b) was selected as the modeling platform. CALPUFF has been adopted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as a Guideline Model for Class I impact assessments and other long range transport applications, and, on a case-by-case basis, near-field applications involving complex flows, such as spatial changes in meteorological fields due to factors such as the presence of complex terrain or water bodies, plume Final Report Vol.1 1
- Page 1: Development of the Next Generation
- Page 5 and 6: • Prognostic Meteorological Model
- Page 7 and 8: o 1: Maul (1980)-Carson (1973) o 2:
- Page 9 and 10: into 50 tiles (90 RUC grid-points/t
- Page 11 and 12: y H ( 1− 34.15z / L) 1/ 3 = (3-9)
- Page 13 and 14: During execution, the bulk algorith
- Page 15 and 16: Anemometer Height Adjustment for La
- Page 17 and 18: T (ºK) g (m/s 2 ) temperature grav
- Page 19 and 20: adjusted to account for the effect
- Page 21 and 22: Two methods of supplying the timesc
- Page 23 and 24: cell is the cell that determines th
- Page 25 and 26: June 4 (1130-1230 CET) L. Turbulenc
- Page 27 and 28: 4. MODEL PERFORMANCE EVALUATION 4.1
- Page 29 and 30: The CALMET preprocessors TERREL, CT
- Page 31 and 32: All sampler locations are used as r
- Page 33 and 34: Table 4-2b Over-water Meteorologica
- Page 35 and 36: Meteorological data used in the OCD
- Page 37 and 38: . . CARPINTERIA, CA 3814 . UTM Nort
- Page 39 and 40: Year Month Day Table 4-4 Over-water
- Page 41 and 42: Datum: NAS-C (North American 1927)
- Page 43 and 44: Table 4-5 Source Characterization f
- Page 45 and 46: Table 4-6a Over-water Meteorologica
- Page 47 and 48: Geophysical Processing Gridded land
- Page 49 and 50: Table 4-7 Source Characterization f
- Page 51 and 52: tape format called GF-3. These data
TABLE OF CONTENTS<br />
Chapter Number & Title<br />
Page Number<br />
1. INTRODUCTION 1<br />
2. MODELING SYSTEM FOR OCS APPLICATIONS: OVERVIEW 4<br />
3. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM UPDATES 8<br />
3.1 CALMET 8<br />
3.2 CALPUFF 16<br />
4. MODEL PERFORMANCE EVALUATION 25<br />
4.1 Evalu<strong>at</strong>ion D<strong>at</strong>asets 25<br />
4.2 Model Applic<strong>at</strong>ion & Evalu<strong>at</strong>ion Methods 54<br />
4.3 Evalu<strong>at</strong>ion Results 61<br />
4.4 Recommend<strong>at</strong>ions 91<br />
5. STANDARD DATASET: GULF OF MEXICO 92<br />
6. REFERENCES 125<br />
APPENDIX: COMPILATION OF A HIGH RESOLUTION SEA SURFACE<br />
TEMPERATURE DATASET FROM SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS FOR THE<br />
GULF OF MEXICO 129<br />
Final Report Vol.1<br />
i
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