Volume 1 - The Atmospheric Studies Group at TRC

More documents

Recommendations

Info

3. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM UPDATES 3.1 CALMET Similarity Profiles for Wind and Temperature Some inconsistencies are found in the Monin-Obukhov similarity profile equations for wind speed and temperature used in OCD, CALMET, and COARE. The updated relations used in COARE for the extended surface layer (z/L >1) are implemented throughout CALMET. COARE adopts the profile expressions provided in Beljaars and Holtslag (1991), who retain the Paulson (1970) and Dyer(1974) stability functions Ψ for the unstable surface layer, but propose new functions for the stable surface layer. In addition, COARE merges the stability function for the unstable surface layer with a free convection relation for large z/L (L is the Monin-Obukhov length) using a weighting parameter F Ψ (Grachev et al., 2000): Ψ = ( − FΨ ) ΨK + FΨ ΨC 1 (3-1) 2 ( z L ) + ( z ) 2 F = (3-2) Ψ 1 L where subscript K denotes the “Kansas” stability function, and subscript C denotes the free convection stability function. The momentum (M) and heat flux (H) relations for the unstable surface layer (L
y H ( 1− 34.15z / L) 1/ 3 = (3-9) The momentum (M) and heat flux (H) relations for the stable surface layer (L>0) are: z ⎛ z c ⎞ ⎛ z ⎞ bc − ΨM = + b⎜ − ⎟ exp ⎜ − d ⎟ + (3-10) L ⎝ L d ⎠ ⎝ L ⎠ d 3/ 2 ⎛ 2z ⎞ ⎛ z c ⎞ ⎛ z ⎞ bc − Ψ = ⎜1 + ⎟ + b⎜ − ⎟ exp⎜ − d ⎟ + − 1 (3-11) H ⎝ 3L ⎠ ⎝ L d ⎠ ⎝ L ⎠ d where b=2/3, c=5, and d=0.35. COARE Bulk Flux Algorithm Option The COARE 2.6bw bulk flux model represents fluxes for momentum, heat, and water vapor from the sea surface to the atmosphere in terms of the mean profiles as: w' x' = c c S∆ (3-12) where x d x x c x c d S ∆ x is either wind speed (S), potential temperature (θ), or water vapor mixing ratio (q) is the bulk transfer coefficient for the variable x is the bulk transfer coefficient for wind speed is the mean wind speed relative to the sea surface at a reference height, including a gustiness component is the sea-air difference in the mean value of x at a reference height, x s -x(z r ) The three flux quantities can also be expressed as the similarity scaling parameters u * , θ * , and q * : w' u' = −u (3-13) 2 * Final Report Vol.1 9
Page 1 and 2: Development of the Next Generation
Page 3 and 4: 1. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this
Page 5 and 6: • Prognostic Meteorological Model
Page 7 and 8: o 1: Maul (1980)-Carson (1973) o 2:
Page 9: into 50 tiles (90 RUC grid-points/t
Page 13 and 14: During execution, the bulk algorith
Page 15 and 16: Anemometer Height Adjustment for La
Page 17 and 18: T (ºK) g (m/s 2 ) temperature grav
Page 19 and 20: adjusted to account for the effect
Page 21 and 22: Two methods of supplying the timesc
Page 23 and 24: cell is the cell that determines th
Page 25 and 26: June 4 (1130-1230 CET) L. Turbulenc
Page 27 and 28: 4. MODEL PERFORMANCE EVALUATION 4.1
Page 29 and 30: The CALMET preprocessors TERREL, CT
Page 31 and 32: All sampler locations are used as r
Page 33 and 34: Table 4-2b Over-water Meteorologica
Page 35 and 36: Meteorological data used in the OCD
Page 37 and 38: . . CARPINTERIA, CA 3814 . UTM Nort
Page 39 and 40: Year Month Day Table 4-4 Over-water
Page 41 and 42: Datum: NAS-C (North American 1927)
Page 43 and 44: Table 4-5 Source Characterization f
Page 45 and 46: Table 4-6a Over-water Meteorologica
Page 47 and 48: Geophysical Processing Gridded land
Page 49 and 50: Table 4-7 Source Characterization f
Page 51 and 52: tape format called GF-3. These data
Page 53 and 54: . . Strait of Oresund 6230 6220 UTM
Page 55 and 56: . . Strait of Oresund 6230 6220 UTM
Page 57 and 58: Table 4-10 SEA.DAT Meteorological D
Page 59 and 60: the numbers refer to ICOARE values,
Page 61 and 62:
that are simulated during the one-h
Page 63 and 64:
4.3 Evaluation Results Cameron, Car
Page 65 and 66:
improve model performance relative
Page 67 and 68:
Figure 4-7. Graphical depiction of
Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Table 4-15 Performance Statistics f
Page 77 and 78:
Performance of CALPUFF Configuratio
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Table 4-16 (continued) Performance
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
into CALPUFF, and the simulations a
Page 87 and 88:
Table 4-18 Oresund Results with Min
Page 89 and 90:
Table 4-20 Oresund Results with Min
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
4.4 Recommendations A minimum σ v
Page 95 and 96:
SEA.DAT and OZONE.DAT files are pro
Page 97 and 98:
36 34 32 30 Latitude 28 26 24 22 -1
Page 99 and 100:
WMO Number WBAN Number Station Iden
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
36 72363 72340 34 72249 72248 72235
Page 107 and 108:
36 34 32 41008 30 42035 42007 42040
Page 109 and 110:
36 34 32 30 Latitude 28 26 24 22 -1
Page 111 and 112:
COOP State Station Name Table 5-4.
Page 113 and 114:
COOP State Station Name Table 5-4.
Page 115 and 116:
Table 5-4. (Concluded) Hourly NWS P
Page 117 and 118:
Table 5-5. Ozone Stations Station I
Page 119 and 120:
Table 5-5. (Continued) Ozone Statio
Page 121 and 122:
Table 5-5. (Continued) Ozone Statio
Page 123 and 124:
36 317 339 361 383 405 427 449 471
Page 125 and 126:
- Figure 5-8. “Inputs/Outputs & R
Page 127 and 128:
6. REFERENCES Batchvarova, E. and S
Page 129 and 130:
Maat, N., C. Kraan, and W.A. Oost,
Page 131:
APPENDIX: COMPILATION OF A HIGH RES
show all

Volume 1 - The Atmospheric Studies Group at TRC

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?