More documents

Recommendations

Info

things in place it is possible to do all the other language interventions that are needed. You can’t translate any application without a locale, you can’t enter content into a blog or wikipedia without a keyboard and you can’t see any of this content in documents or on the web without a font for your language. All the exotic language applications such as automatic speech recognition (ASR), text-to-speech (TTS) and machine translation (MT) cannot proceed without these basics. In the ANLoc project we created almost 100 locales, 12 keyboard layouts and a font to cover all of the latin characters used in African languages. For a large number of languages we can capture, see and store content – we applied first aid for these languages. And it can be applied to any marginalised language across the globe. Empowered Communities Marginalised languages often have limited resources, but one resource that they do have is a community of speakers. For marginalised and under resourced languages to prosper is really about empowering these communities because then the community can take our work to new heights and in fact take over our work. Within the scope of limited resources this often means that there are no funds to pay contributors so there needs to be a body of committed volunteers. But scarce resources also means that good skills are in limited supply. Thus it is important that these scarce skills are used optimally. What that means is that those skills are deployed to important tasks while volunteers assist in other areas. Empowered communities in this case are assisting in optimising resources allocation for the benefit of the language. The following are examples that we have used to empower communities: 1. Translate@thons – Translate.org.za adopted this approach to community translation for working on various pieces of software. Google now uses a similar approach to use communities to translate the Google interface. 2. Pootle – a web-based tool developed by Translate to allow easy community participation in translation tasks. During the ANLoc project seven teams translated Mozilla Firefox into African languages using Pootle as their tool for translation. A number of open source and commercial companies now use Pootle for community translation. 61
Translate is currently working on the following areas that involve community participation: 62 1. Terminology – with terminologists being scarce resources it is important that communities assist in gathering, proposing and voting for terminology. Translate are currently developing an expert lead terminology process and platform together with the Kamusi project with funding from International Development Research Centre (IDRC). 2. Dictionaries – in South Africa most children do not have access to a printed dictionary in any language. Such a critical language resource is simply not available. Translate is helping to develop an online dictionary platform that will ensure that dictionaries can be built by communities and be made available on many different formats. 3. Books scanning – many African language resources are locked away on the shelves of libraries. These public domain works are critical resources for speakers of the language to be able to read and be inspired by works in their language. They are not easily available as they are often in rare collections or out of print. These resources in digital format are also critical for the creation of linguistic resources such as spell checkers. Translate has begun a project in South Africa to recover African language books through scanning and digitisation. While Talking About Books Children love to read and they don’t need encouragement to read. What they do need are exciting books in a medium that they enjoy. For young readers to find exciting books we need lots of books and the medium is most likely the cellphone. Thanks to the m4lit project for having this quote demonstrating the value of content on mobile phones: It’s great ... for me it really hard to pick up a book to start readin but i don mind readin on my phone (Dotty1) We hope that by scanning the books found in marginalised languages we can provide a resource: firstly, lead to someone discovering their first exciting book. Secondly, but more importantly, it should create a reading culture and produce new creative works in the language.
Page 2 and 3:
Commission of the Russian Federatio
Page 4 and 5:
Contents Preface...................
Page 6 and 7:
Elmir YAKUBOV. Developing Digital C
Page 8 and 9:
PREFACE The 2 nd International Conf
Page 10 and 11:
MESSAGES Message from Irina Bokova,
Page 12 and 13: Message from Grigory Ordzhonikidze,
Page 14 and 15: Message from Alexander Avdeyev, Min
Page 16 and 17: Message from Andrei Fursenko, Minis
Page 18 and 19: Message from Abulfas Karayev, Minis
Page 20 and 21: PLENARY MEETINGS Adama SAMASSÉKOU,
Page 22 and 23: supporting multilingualism, particu
Page 24 and 25: to the idea of respect for linguist
Page 26 and 27: Evgenia MIKHAILOVA Rector, North-Ea
Page 28 and 29: anked third (after Moscow and St. P
Page 30 and 31: • the Institute of Languages and
Page 32 and 33: The NEFU Development Programme incl
Page 34 and 35: marginalisation, and to enhance the
Page 36 and 37: Second, institutes are needed to a)
Page 38 and 39: • targeting federal funding and s
Page 40 and 41: • providing telecommunication net
Page 42 and 43: Education Primary, secondary and hi
Page 44 and 45: • digitising documents and museum
Page 46 and 47: The ICT Industry Issues of linguist
Page 48 and 49: A Hidden Component: The Universal D
Page 50 and 51: If anyone in a community speaks the
Page 52 and 53: Here we propose a two-dimensional c
Page 54 and 55: Table 3. Language composition of th
Page 56 and 57: Also we need a deeper analysis of t
Page 58 and 59: at measuring the linguistic diversi
Page 60 and 61: Multilingual Moments of Truth: Mome
Page 64 and 65: Copyright and Public Domain Where d
Page 66 and 67: Thus it is important that we create
Page 68 and 69: Organizing Information About the Wo
Page 70 and 71: virtual library of language resourc
Page 72 and 73: We have also developed software tha
Page 74 and 75: We should recall that most of the w
Page 76 and 77: Fig.8 - Language of publication of
Page 78 and 79: In 2008, we compared the first 30 l
Page 80 and 81: translators and to human translator
Page 82 and 83: The African Linguistic Mosaic The l
Page 84 and 85: Factors Militating Against the Pres
Page 86 and 87: Taking into account the work on the
Page 88 and 89: priorities in the Language Plan of
Page 90 and 91: Gilvan Müller de OLIVEIRA Director
Page 92 and 93: In this particular aspect the Portu
Page 94 and 95: • Bilingual education programmes
Page 96 and 97: Javier LÓPEZ SÁNCHEZ Director Gen
Page 98 and 99: linkages and coordination of effort
Page 100 and 101: The following proposals for action
Page 102 and 103: existence (Deshpande 1979). When Bu
Page 104 and 105: All the above academic, language an
Page 106 and 107: centres for Indian Language Technol
Page 108 and 109: Natalia GENDINA Director, Research
Page 110 and 111: Activities of social institutions,
Page 112 and 113:
• publication in 2008 under the a
Page 114 and 115:
• interactivity - active interact
Page 116 and 117:
5. Всеобщая деклара
Page 118 and 119:
The proportion of native speakers r
Page 120 and 121:
• destruction of the genetic fund
Page 122 and 123:
humanitarian practices for the pres
Page 124 and 125:
SECTION 1. INSTRUMENTS FOR LANGUAGE
Page 126 and 127:
social status In a multilingual sit
Page 128 and 129:
Virach SORNLERTLAMVANICH Principle
Page 130 and 131:
Figure 1. Community Co-Creation Cul
Page 132 and 133:
Yunseok RHEE Professor, Hankuk Univ
Page 134 and 135:
3. Approaches for Web-Based Languag
Page 136 and 137:
integration mentioned prior). For a
Page 138 and 139:
capacity to read and write. Worse s
Page 140 and 141:
To accommodate orature in cyberspac
Page 142 and 143:
Nicholas THIEBERGER Senior Research
Page 144 and 145:
others,but be used as a foundation
Page 146 and 147:
4. Delivery of Archival Material, P
Page 148 and 149:
6. Current Status of the PARADISEC
Page 150 and 151:
an occasional mass backup of signif
Page 152 and 153:
Dietrich SCHÜLLER Consultant, Vien
Page 154 and 155:
carriers into safe digital reposito
Page 156 and 157:
National: Other successful, althoug
Page 158 and 159:
6. Schüller, Dietrich. Audiovisual
Page 160 and 161:
eing produced and exposed all aroun
Page 162 and 163:
news, among others. The very nature
Page 164 and 165:
Attempt to Validate the Hypothesis
Page 166 and 167:
Elmir YAKUBOV Director, Khasavyurt
Page 168 and 169:
uilding up a cult of ethnic excepti
Page 170 and 171:
Figure 1. Representation of additio
Page 172 and 173:
PT Sans is a grotesque font of mode
Page 174 and 175:
Google Web Fonts API Stats monitors
Page 176 and 177:
the low spread (at the time) of the
Page 178 and 179:
Dzhavdet Suleymanov Professor, Kaza
Page 180 and 181:
about this package. Due to our expe
Page 182 and 183:
• Annotated texts, dictionaries,
Page 184 and 185:
we identify structures, circuits, a
Page 186 and 187:
Yakut Epic in Cyberspace: Olonkho I
Page 188 and 189:
Its Information Gathering & Process
Page 190 and 191:
Olonkho: Television allows to broad
Page 192 and 193:
Here are some of the Olonkho-relate
Page 194 and 195:
texts totalling some two million wo
Page 196 and 197:
Anatoly ZHOZHIKOV Director, New Inf
Page 198 and 199:
facilitate both the preservation of
Page 200 and 201:
SECTION 2. INSTITUTES TO PROMOTE LI
Page 202 and 203:
“Vision 2013 By 2013… • UArct
Page 204 and 205:
together university and college Pre
Page 206 and 207:
• UArctic Studies Catalogue • G
Page 208 and 209:
“2. Teaching of language and cult
Page 210 and 211:
Sergei BAKEYKIN Executive Director,
Page 212 and 213:
the fact that in 2010, Evgeny Kuzmi
Page 214 and 215:
The Conference final document -“T
Page 216 and 217:
and how to promote social/digital i
Page 218 and 219:
From this perspective I could under
Page 220 and 221:
one local language and to register
Page 222 and 223:
• Permit to many repertoires to i
Page 224 and 225:
• Funding institutions with diffi
Page 226 and 227:
Zhanna SHAIMUKHANBETOVA Director Ge
Page 228 and 229:
• quantitative (the proportion of
Page 230 and 231:
humanity and giving support to expr
Page 232 and 233:
Irina DOBRYNINA Director, National
Page 234 and 235:
language being endangered. Only 41%
Page 236 and 237:
their promotion online. The “E-bo
Page 238 and 239:
Institutions of primary, secondary
Page 240 and 241:
Of course, we could not cover every
Page 242 and 243:
These numbers, however, could be co
Page 244 and 245:
2. the Repertory Catalogue of books
Page 246 and 247:
• the Repertory Catalogue of book
Page 248 and 249:
Indigenous worldviews, mythologies
Page 250 and 251:
In 2010, a first project - organize
Page 252 and 253:
Katsuko T. NAKAHIRA Assistant Profe
Page 254 and 255:
We did the research of exchange stu
Page 256 and 257:
Figure 3. PBL environment system ar
Page 258 and 259:
Figure 4. The relation of elapsed t
Page 260 and 261:
Discussion and Summary Through thes
Page 262 and 263:
Anatoly ZHOZHIKOV Director, New Inf
Page 264 and 265:
To make it happen, a number of wide
Page 266 and 267:
Liudmila ZAIKOVA Director, Centre t
Page 268 and 269:
Interregional Library Cooperation C
Page 270 and 271:
Sargylana IGNATYEVA Rector, Arctic
Page 272 and 273:
education, systematizing research i
Page 274 and 275:
From a genetic point of view Romani
Page 276 and 277:
the extension of the centre’s nam
Page 278 and 279:
• The web presentation of the Cou
Page 280 and 281:
Romani-dominated chats elements of
Page 282 and 283:
3. Conclusion This limited but to s
Page 284 and 285:
The political and economic laws tha
Page 286 and 287:
Affairs, the National Academy of Sc
Page 288 and 289:
national minorities the right of eq
Page 290 and 291:
Preschool education marks the most
Page 292 and 293:
to service a limited number of area
Page 294 and 295:
Another example of mutually benefic
Page 296 and 297:
• Chukchi Peninsula Eskimo societ
Page 298 and 299:
161). Sea hunting off Uelen is cons
Page 300 and 301:
The widows of the Gemavye brothers,
Page 302 and 303:
Importantly, these statistics do no
Page 304 and 305:
Expanding the Outreach of Yukaghir
Page 306 and 307:
(Russian Federation), the developme
Page 308 and 309:
“cultural diversity as a source o
Page 310 and 311:
i. to continue searching for fair a
show all

Download - Ð Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð®ÐÐÐ¡ÐÐ ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?

Download - Ð Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð®ÐÐÐ¡ÐÐ ...