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Anatoly ZHOZHIKOV Director, New Information Technologies Centre, North-Eastern Federal University (Yakutsk, Russian Federation) Svetlana ZHOZHIKOVA Programme Supervisor, New Information Technologies Centre, North-Eastern Federal University (Yakutsk, Russian Federation) Creating a Web Portal on Indigenous Cultures of North-Eastern Russia In an age of globalization, the world is turning into one big mechanism, with all its parts interconnected. Innovative information and communications technologies push this process forward; they have a unifying role to play in building a new world order, opening up, as they do, new possibilities for the preservation of the languages and cultures of all ethnicities populating Planet Earth, including the small indigenous communities in Siberia and the circumpolar North. Lots of factors may put the existence of a language at risk: grave natural disasters wiping out entire communities; faulty public education systems providing no, or scarce, opportunities for schoolchildren to study in their native languages; or the lack of an adequate writing system, to give just a few examples. One more factor to have emerged in recent decades has to do with information and communications technology. The Internet offers plenty of opportunities for exercising one’s right to free speech and getting access to information and quality education. One serious problem, though, is that information and services in cyberspace are still available only in a limited number of languages (just 400 of the world’s 6,700 currently spoken languages are represented online so far). At the outset of the 21 st century (on November 2, 2001, to be precise), UNESCO adopted its Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity, postulating that respect for diversity, tolerance, dialogue and cooperation in a climate of mutual trust and understanding are the best safeguards of peace and international security. Being a source of exchange, innovation and creation, cultural diversity is as important for the human race as biodiversity is for wildlife. 195
The new century and millennium are seeing the formation of an integral sociocultural system that could serve as the basis for dialogue and interaction between cultures and faiths. This system is expected to shape a worldview for the generations to come and to determine their sustainable development patterns. The international conference on cultural and linguistic diversity in cyberspace that took place in the Republic of Sakha’s capital, Yakutsk, on July 2-4, 2008, adopted, for its turn, a final document that became known as the Lena Resolution. The Resolution urges to foster linguistic and cultural diversity on the Web in every possible way and to continue efforts to record, preserve and advance various languages, especially smaller ones, with the help of modern ICT. A recent survey of the content available on the Internet about the indigenous communities of Russia’s Siberia and circumpolar North has shown that the existing sites are disparate and not informative enough while fully systematized, comprehensive resources aren’t there yet. Quite an exhaustive analysis of related content has been carried out by A. Burykin in his essay “Internet Resources on the Languages of Small Indigenous Peoples of Russia’s North, Siberia and Far East: Content Overview and User Enquiries” [1]. The problem of supporting multilingualism in specific Russian regions as well as nationwide has been the focus of numerous publications by the Russian Committee of the UNESCO Information for All Programme (IFAP) and the Interregional Library Cooperation Centre [2, 3]. In practice, though, little progress has been made. Hence the idea to build a Portal on North-Eastern Russia’s indigenous communities. Such a project should seek to ensure the linguistic and cultural diversity of those communities is adequately represented on the Internet, as well as to create an online environment where they could communicate in their native languages. This prospective Web site will provide wide-ranging information on the languages and cultures of all indigenous communities populating Russia’s North-Eastern regions. The choice of that particular geographic area arises from its being under the jurisdiction of the Amosov North-Eastern Federal University, the driving force behind the project. Not all the indigenous language scripts are yet part of computer operating systems. Efforts will therefore be made to bring all missing scripts onboard, introducing them first as part of a universal keyboard layout. In a longer term, though, language-specific layouts are to be created. The online launch of scripts for all indigenous languages spoken in the designated area is expected to raise their profile on the global information scene while also offering possibilities for communicating in native languages online. This will 196
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Commission of the Russian Federatio
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Contents Preface...................
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Elmir YAKUBOV. Developing Digital C
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PREFACE The 2 nd International Conf
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MESSAGES Message from Irina Bokova,
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Message from Grigory Ordzhonikidze,
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Message from Alexander Avdeyev, Min
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Message from Andrei Fursenko, Minis
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Message from Abulfas Karayev, Minis
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PLENARY MEETINGS Adama SAMASSÉKOU,
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supporting multilingualism, particu
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to the idea of respect for linguist
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Evgenia MIKHAILOVA Rector, North-Ea
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anked third (after Moscow and St. P
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• the Institute of Languages and
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The NEFU Development Programme incl
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marginalisation, and to enhance the
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Second, institutes are needed to a)
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• targeting federal funding and s
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• providing telecommunication net
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Education Primary, secondary and hi
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• digitising documents and museum
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The ICT Industry Issues of linguist
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A Hidden Component: The Universal D
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If anyone in a community speaks the
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Here we propose a two-dimensional c
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Table 3. Language composition of th
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Also we need a deeper analysis of t
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at measuring the linguistic diversi
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Multilingual Moments of Truth: Mome
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things in place it is possible to d
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Copyright and Public Domain Where d
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Thus it is important that we create
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Organizing Information About the Wo
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virtual library of language resourc
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We have also developed software tha
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We should recall that most of the w
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Fig.8 - Language of publication of
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In 2008, we compared the first 30 l
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translators and to human translator
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The African Linguistic Mosaic The l
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Factors Militating Against the Pres
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Taking into account the work on the
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priorities in the Language Plan of
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Gilvan Müller de OLIVEIRA Director
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In this particular aspect the Portu
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• Bilingual education programmes
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Javier LÓPEZ SÁNCHEZ Director Gen
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linkages and coordination of effort
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The following proposals for action
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existence (Deshpande 1979). When Bu
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All the above academic, language an
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centres for Indian Language Technol
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Natalia GENDINA Director, Research
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Activities of social institutions,
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• publication in 2008 under the a
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• interactivity - active interact
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5. Всеобщая деклара
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The proportion of native speakers r
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• destruction of the genetic fund
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humanitarian practices for the pres
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SECTION 1. INSTRUMENTS FOR LANGUAGE
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social status In a multilingual sit
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Virach SORNLERTLAMVANICH Principle
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Figure 1. Community Co-Creation Cul
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Yunseok RHEE Professor, Hankuk Univ
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3. Approaches for Web-Based Languag
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integration mentioned prior). For a
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capacity to read and write. Worse s
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To accommodate orature in cyberspac
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Nicholas THIEBERGER Senior Research
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others,but be used as a foundation
Page 146 and 147: 4. Delivery of Archival Material, P
Page 148 and 149: 6. Current Status of the PARADISEC
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Page 152 and 153: Dietrich SCHÜLLER Consultant, Vien
Page 154 and 155: carriers into safe digital reposito
Page 156 and 157: National: Other successful, althoug
Page 158 and 159: 6. Schüller, Dietrich. Audiovisual
Page 160 and 161: eing produced and exposed all aroun
Page 162 and 163: news, among others. The very nature
Page 164 and 165: Attempt to Validate the Hypothesis
Page 166 and 167: Elmir YAKUBOV Director, Khasavyurt
Page 168 and 169: uilding up a cult of ethnic excepti
Page 170 and 171: Figure 1. Representation of additio
Page 172 and 173: PT Sans is a grotesque font of mode
Page 174 and 175: Google Web Fonts API Stats monitors
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Page 178 and 179: Dzhavdet Suleymanov Professor, Kaza
Page 180 and 181: about this package. Due to our expe
Page 182 and 183: • Annotated texts, dictionaries,
Page 184 and 185: we identify structures, circuits, a
Page 186 and 187: Yakut Epic in Cyberspace: Olonkho I
Page 188 and 189: Its Information Gathering & Process
Page 190 and 191: Olonkho: Television allows to broad
Page 192 and 193: Here are some of the Olonkho-relate
Page 194 and 195: texts totalling some two million wo
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Page 200 and 201: SECTION 2. INSTITUTES TO PROMOTE LI
Page 202 and 203: “Vision 2013 By 2013… • UArct
Page 204 and 205: together university and college Pre
Page 206 and 207: • UArctic Studies Catalogue • G
Page 208 and 209: “2. Teaching of language and cult
Page 210 and 211: Sergei BAKEYKIN Executive Director,
Page 212 and 213: the fact that in 2010, Evgeny Kuzmi
Page 214 and 215: The Conference final document -“T
Page 216 and 217: and how to promote social/digital i
Page 218 and 219: From this perspective I could under
Page 220 and 221: one local language and to register
Page 222 and 223: • Permit to many repertoires to i
Page 224 and 225: • Funding institutions with diffi
Page 226 and 227: Zhanna SHAIMUKHANBETOVA Director Ge
Page 228 and 229: • quantitative (the proportion of
Page 230 and 231: humanity and giving support to expr
Page 232 and 233: Irina DOBRYNINA Director, National
Page 234 and 235: language being endangered. Only 41%
Page 236 and 237: their promotion online. The “E-bo
Page 238 and 239: Institutions of primary, secondary
Page 240 and 241: Of course, we could not cover every
Page 242 and 243: These numbers, however, could be co
Page 244 and 245: 2. the Repertory Catalogue of books
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• the Repertory Catalogue of book
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Indigenous worldviews, mythologies
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In 2010, a first project - organize
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Katsuko T. NAKAHIRA Assistant Profe
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We did the research of exchange stu
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Figure 3. PBL environment system ar
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Figure 4. The relation of elapsed t
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Discussion and Summary Through thes
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Anatoly ZHOZHIKOV Director, New Inf
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To make it happen, a number of wide
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Liudmila ZAIKOVA Director, Centre t
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Interregional Library Cooperation C
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Sargylana IGNATYEVA Rector, Arctic
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education, systematizing research i
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From a genetic point of view Romani
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the extension of the centre’s nam
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• The web presentation of the Cou
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Romani-dominated chats elements of
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3. Conclusion This limited but to s
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The political and economic laws tha
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Affairs, the National Academy of Sc
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national minorities the right of eq
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Preschool education marks the most
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to service a limited number of area
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Another example of mutually benefic
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• Chukchi Peninsula Eskimo societ
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161). Sea hunting off Uelen is cons
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The widows of the Gemavye brothers,
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Importantly, these statistics do no
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Expanding the Outreach of Yukaghir
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(Russian Federation), the developme
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“cultural diversity as a source o
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i. to continue searching for fair a
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