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National: Other successful, although yet not wide spread models work on a national level. One example is the Vienna Phonogrammarchiv 55 , which holds a considerable part, probably 40-50% of audiovisual primary sources produced by Austrian scholars, which had made their field recordings with methodological advice and technological support by the archive. Over the past years, however, many institutions and scholars that had made their recording autonomously, without depositing their originals in the archive, offer now their collections, as they understand that their precious sources would otherwise be lost. The archive tries to raise sufficient funds over the coming years to safeguard at least the most important collections yet outside proper archival care. A remarkable national system has been established by Memoriav 56 , a Swiss initiative to cooperatively preserve audiovisual collections of greater as well as smaller institutions and even private collectors. On the European level, the Presto project family, after having specifically dealt with mass digitisation of radio and television archives, is presently under way to set up a network of competence centres 57 which are intended also to assist smaller collections. Direct funding of digitisation is to some extent planned within the European Strategy Forum for Research Infrastructures (ESFRI, Schüller 2011). Last but not least, international discipline and research oriented initiatives have been established. Most of them concern linguistic material. The Max- Planck-Institute for Psycholinguistics has established a Language Archive 58 , ELAR is the Endangered Language Archive of the London School of Oriental and African Studies 59 , Paradisec 60 , the Pacific and Regional Archive for Digital Sources in Endangered Cultures, collects languages and music from the Pacific region, while EVIA 61 , Ethnographic Video for Instruction and Analysis, is an international ethnographic video archive in Bloomington. The major problem of many of these and similar projects is the uncertainty of continued funding to keep digitised files available in the long-term. Significant support has to come from disciplines themselves, which are challenged to enhance recognition of primary sources by promoting systematic re-studies of archive materials, by promoting diachronic and comparative studies, and by intensifying study of respective archival materials before new field work is started. 55 http://www.phonogrammarchiv.at/wwwnew/. 56 http://en.memoriav.ch/. 57 http://www.prestocentre.org/. 58 http://www.mpi.nl/research/research-projects/the-language-archive/. 59 http://elar.soas.ac.uk/. 60 http://paradisec.org.au/. 61 http://www.eviada.org/. 155
The European Science Foundation as well as national research funding agencies are increasingly recognising the importance of research infrastructures, specifically in digital age, which will lead to a significant rise of financial means within the 8 th European Framework Programme. On national levels, research funding should limit autonomy of researchers by enforcing and financing the deposit of raw research materials in archives for further (and alternative) evaluation, and, additionally, by earmarking a percentage of research budgets for infrastructure, e.g. for archiving. Failure to preserve audiovisual primary sources will lead to their swift and total loss, which undermines fundamental research principles, invalidates modern research results, and diminishes considerably the resources for linguistic and cultural diversity in the cyberspace. References 1. Bradley, Kevin. Risks Associated with the Use of Recordable CDs and DVDs as Reliable Storage Media in Archival Collections - Strategies and Alternatives. UNESCO, Paris 2006. Available at: http://www. unesco.org/webworld/risk. 156 2. IASA Technical Committee. The Safeguarding of the Audio Heritage: Ethics, Principles and Preservation Strategy, edited by Dietrich Schüller. (IASA Technical Committee - Standards, Recommended Practices and Strategies, IASA TC-03), Version 3, 2005. Available at: http://www.iasa-web.org/downloads/publications/TC03_English. pdf. Also available in German, French, Spanish, Italian, Swedish, Russian, and Chinese. 3. IASA Technical Committee. Guidelines on the Production and Preservation of Digital Audio Objects, edited by Kevin Bradley. (IASA Technical Committee - Standards, Recommended Practices and Strategies, IASA TC-04), second edition 2009. Available at: http://www.iasa-web.org/audio-preservation-tc04. 4. IASA Technical Committee. Handling and Storage of audio and Video Carriers, edited by Dietrich Schüller and Albrecht Häfner (IASA Technical Committee - Standards, Recommended Practices and Strategies, IASA TC-05), forthcoming 2012. 5. IASA Technical Committee. Guidelines on the Production and Preservation of Digital Video Objects, edited by Kevin Bradley. (IASA Technical Committee - Standards, Recommended Practices and Strategies, IASA TC-06), forthcoming 2012.
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Commission of the Russian Federatio
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Contents Preface...................
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Elmir YAKUBOV. Developing Digital C
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PREFACE The 2 nd International Conf
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MESSAGES Message from Irina Bokova,
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Message from Grigory Ordzhonikidze,
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Message from Alexander Avdeyev, Min
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Message from Andrei Fursenko, Minis
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Message from Abulfas Karayev, Minis
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PLENARY MEETINGS Adama SAMASSÉKOU,
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supporting multilingualism, particu
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to the idea of respect for linguist
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Evgenia MIKHAILOVA Rector, North-Ea
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anked third (after Moscow and St. P
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• the Institute of Languages and
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The NEFU Development Programme incl
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marginalisation, and to enhance the
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Second, institutes are needed to a)
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• targeting federal funding and s
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• providing telecommunication net
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Education Primary, secondary and hi
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• digitising documents and museum
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The ICT Industry Issues of linguist
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A Hidden Component: The Universal D
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If anyone in a community speaks the
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Here we propose a two-dimensional c
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Table 3. Language composition of th
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Also we need a deeper analysis of t
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at measuring the linguistic diversi
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Multilingual Moments of Truth: Mome
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things in place it is possible to d
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Copyright and Public Domain Where d
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Thus it is important that we create
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Organizing Information About the Wo
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virtual library of language resourc
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We have also developed software tha
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We should recall that most of the w
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Fig.8 - Language of publication of
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In 2008, we compared the first 30 l
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translators and to human translator
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The African Linguistic Mosaic The l
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Factors Militating Against the Pres
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Taking into account the work on the
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priorities in the Language Plan of
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Gilvan Müller de OLIVEIRA Director
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In this particular aspect the Portu
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• Bilingual education programmes
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Javier LÓPEZ SÁNCHEZ Director Gen
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linkages and coordination of effort
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The following proposals for action
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existence (Deshpande 1979). When Bu
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All the above academic, language an
Page 106 and 107: centres for Indian Language Technol
Page 108 and 109: Natalia GENDINA Director, Research
Page 110 and 111: Activities of social institutions,
Page 112 and 113: • publication in 2008 under the a
Page 114 and 115: • interactivity - active interact
Page 116 and 117: 5. Всеобщая деклара
Page 118 and 119: The proportion of native speakers r
Page 120 and 121: • destruction of the genetic fund
Page 122 and 123: humanitarian practices for the pres
Page 124 and 125: SECTION 1. INSTRUMENTS FOR LANGUAGE
Page 126 and 127: social status In a multilingual sit
Page 128 and 129: Virach SORNLERTLAMVANICH Principle
Page 130 and 131: Figure 1. Community Co-Creation Cul
Page 132 and 133: Yunseok RHEE Professor, Hankuk Univ
Page 134 and 135: 3. Approaches for Web-Based Languag
Page 136 and 137: integration mentioned prior). For a
Page 138 and 139: capacity to read and write. Worse s
Page 140 and 141: To accommodate orature in cyberspac
Page 142 and 143: Nicholas THIEBERGER Senior Research
Page 144 and 145: others,but be used as a foundation
Page 146 and 147: 4. Delivery of Archival Material, P
Page 148 and 149: 6. Current Status of the PARADISEC
Page 150 and 151: an occasional mass backup of signif
Page 152 and 153: Dietrich SCHÜLLER Consultant, Vien
Page 154 and 155: carriers into safe digital reposito
Page 158 and 159: 6. Schüller, Dietrich. Audiovisual
Page 160 and 161: eing produced and exposed all aroun
Page 162 and 163: news, among others. The very nature
Page 164 and 165: Attempt to Validate the Hypothesis
Page 166 and 167: Elmir YAKUBOV Director, Khasavyurt
Page 168 and 169: uilding up a cult of ethnic excepti
Page 170 and 171: Figure 1. Representation of additio
Page 172 and 173: PT Sans is a grotesque font of mode
Page 174 and 175: Google Web Fonts API Stats monitors
Page 176 and 177: the low spread (at the time) of the
Page 178 and 179: Dzhavdet Suleymanov Professor, Kaza
Page 180 and 181: about this package. Due to our expe
Page 182 and 183: • Annotated texts, dictionaries,
Page 184 and 185: we identify structures, circuits, a
Page 186 and 187: Yakut Epic in Cyberspace: Olonkho I
Page 188 and 189: Its Information Gathering & Process
Page 190 and 191: Olonkho: Television allows to broad
Page 192 and 193: Here are some of the Olonkho-relate
Page 194 and 195: texts totalling some two million wo
Page 196 and 197: Anatoly ZHOZHIKOV Director, New Inf
Page 198 and 199: facilitate both the preservation of
Page 200 and 201: SECTION 2. INSTITUTES TO PROMOTE LI
Page 202 and 203: “Vision 2013 By 2013… • UArct
Page 204 and 205: together university and college Pre
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• UArctic Studies Catalogue • G
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“2. Teaching of language and cult
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Sergei BAKEYKIN Executive Director,
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the fact that in 2010, Evgeny Kuzmi
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The Conference final document -“T
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and how to promote social/digital i
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From this perspective I could under
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one local language and to register
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• Permit to many repertoires to i
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• Funding institutions with diffi
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Zhanna SHAIMUKHANBETOVA Director Ge
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• quantitative (the proportion of
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humanity and giving support to expr
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Irina DOBRYNINA Director, National
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language being endangered. Only 41%
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their promotion online. The “E-bo
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Institutions of primary, secondary
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Of course, we could not cover every
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These numbers, however, could be co
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2. the Repertory Catalogue of books
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• the Repertory Catalogue of book
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Indigenous worldviews, mythologies
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In 2010, a first project - organize
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Katsuko T. NAKAHIRA Assistant Profe
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We did the research of exchange stu
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Figure 3. PBL environment system ar
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Figure 4. The relation of elapsed t
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Discussion and Summary Through thes
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Anatoly ZHOZHIKOV Director, New Inf
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To make it happen, a number of wide
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Liudmila ZAIKOVA Director, Centre t
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Interregional Library Cooperation C
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Sargylana IGNATYEVA Rector, Arctic
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education, systematizing research i
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From a genetic point of view Romani
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the extension of the centre’s nam
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• The web presentation of the Cou
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Romani-dominated chats elements of
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3. Conclusion This limited but to s
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The political and economic laws tha
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Affairs, the National Academy of Sc
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national minorities the right of eq
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Preschool education marks the most
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to service a limited number of area
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Another example of mutually benefic
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• Chukchi Peninsula Eskimo societ
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161). Sea hunting off Uelen is cons
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The widows of the Gemavye brothers,
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Importantly, these statistics do no
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Expanding the Outreach of Yukaghir
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(Russian Federation), the developme
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“cultural diversity as a source o
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i. to continue searching for fair a
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