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National: Other successful, although yet not wide spread models work on a
national level. One example is the Vienna Phonogrammarchiv 55 , which holds a
considerable part, probably 40-50% of audiovisual primary sources produced by
Austrian scholars, which had made their field recordings with methodological
advice and technological support by the archive. Over the past years, however,
many institutions and scholars that had made their recording autonomously,
without depositing their originals in the archive, offer now their collections,
as they understand that their precious sources would otherwise be lost. The
archive tries to raise sufficient funds over the coming years to safeguard at least
the most important collections yet outside proper archival care.
A remarkable national system has been established by Memoriav 56 , a Swiss
initiative to cooperatively preserve audiovisual collections of greater as well as
smaller institutions and even private collectors.
On the European level, the Presto project family, after having specifically dealt
with mass digitisation of radio and television archives, is presently under way
to set up a network of competence centres 57 which are intended also to assist
smaller collections. Direct funding of digitisation is to some extent planned
within the European Strategy Forum for Research Infrastructures (ESFRI,
Schüller 2011).
Last but not least, international discipline and research oriented initiatives
have been established. Most of them concern linguistic material. The Max-
Planck-Institute for Psycholinguistics has established a Language Archive 58 ,
ELAR is the Endangered Language Archive of the London School of Oriental
and African Studies 59 , Paradisec 60 , the Pacific and Regional Archive for Digital
Sources in Endangered Cultures, collects languages and music from the Pacific
region, while EVIA 61 , Ethnographic Video for Instruction and Analysis, is an
international ethnographic video archive in Bloomington. The major problem
of many of these and similar projects is the uncertainty of continued funding to
keep digitised files available in the long-term.
Significant support has to come from disciplines themselves, which are
challenged to enhance recognition of primary sources by promoting systematic
re-studies of archive materials, by promoting diachronic and comparative
studies, and by intensifying study of respective archival materials before new
field work is started.
55
http://www.phonogrammarchiv.at/wwwnew/.
56
http://en.memoriav.ch/.
57
http://www.prestocentre.org/.
58
http://www.mpi.nl/research/research-projects/the-language-archive/.
59
http://elar.soas.ac.uk/.
60
http://paradisec.org.au/.
61
http://www.eviada.org/.
155