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social status In a multilingual situation, which are the other languages spoken in the same area All these questions can be answered in series of articles that fill several pages of a web site dedicated to the less-diffused language. As mentioned above, in order to increase the number of its speakers, a whole e-learning system can be built featuring sets of lessons for beginners, and other sets for advanced learners. Beginners’ lessons include phonetic exercises, and common sentences used in everyday life or typical social conversations, while advanced lessons introduce more to the people’s culture and literature aiming at a better mastership of the language. E-learning requires an important online interactivity between a local staff and a growing number of faraway students, each of whom should have a profile, a personal page and follow-up. Because everybody has different reasons to take lessons in any given language, it is a good practice to design the architecture of the whole course as a tree that allows different ways to progress through the lessons. Thus, each student can choose the better way for her/him, eventually with the advice of their teacher or mentor. 2.3. The Language’s Speakers How many people speak the less-diffused language, either as native speakers or as second language speakers Do all the speakers share the same cultural area, way of life and custom A good description of these features provides content of a high interest. This includes all aspects of the society’s life such as social organization, administration, justice, labour, education, religion, philosophy, arts, food, architecture, transport, leisure and entertainment, and so forth. It is very common throughout the world that traditional communities develop a close relationship with specific animals they depend on for their life. For instance, a seal for the Inuits, a horse for the Mongolians, a cow for the Fulani, the Tutsi or the Texan cowboys, a sleigh dog for the Greenlanders, a reindeer for the Sami of northern Europe, a camel for the Sahara Tuaregs, a llama for the Indians in the Andes, a yak for the highlanders of Himalaya and neighboring regions, and so on. This special relationship between a specific animal and a human being community generates a very rich diversity in culture and civilization that all deserve being known to the whole mankind as a global human heritage. Who else can reveal them better than representatives of those traditional communities whose languages are usually less-diffused Finally, a social network web site would give the opportunity to the most committed supporters of the less-diffused language to enhance the language’s life on cyberspace by using it to chat and exchange all kind of messages and private data. By so doing, they automatically strengthen the vitality of the language that will thus become more and more used and diffused. 125
2.4. News and Newspapers Most of the time, people who are really committed to promote a language organize themselves into a legal cultural association. In this case, it is a good practice to give news of the association’s activities on a web site in the supported language. Beside of this, a real online newspaper can be created on the same web site to inform and comment on current events in the supported language. News, comments, points of view, debates are the ingredients of these web site pages. But some items like calendar, horoscope, crosswords and similar games, meteorology information, sports, lottery and different polls can be added to make the page even more attractive. 2.5. Games and Leisure Since Olympic and global competitions are regularly organized, some sports like soccer and rugby have become popular all over the world. During these competitions that take a huge place in the news, comments are usually given only in widespread languages, never in a less-diffused one. So, it is a good idea to find a way of talking about these games in every native language, and this can be done on a web site. On the other hand, very few is said, if any, about games, sports and leisure practiced only in local communities. Since they are part of the local culture, it may be easier to talk about them in the less-diffused language. Here again, a multilingual presentation can help disclosing them to the rest of the world. 3. Final Remarks As I said it right from the beginning, there is no limitation to the topics which can be addressed on a web site. I simply outlined here some of the most obvious ones that I would expect from a supportive web site dedicated to the promotion of a less-diffused language in cyberspace. The multilingual dimension is also useful to allow sharing knowledge worldwide. In the modern globalised world, being informed is, of course, very important for taking decisions and acting, but it is even more important to share knowledge and learn from each other in order to build a better world locally. 126
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Commission of the Russian Federatio
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Contents Preface...................
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Elmir YAKUBOV. Developing Digital C
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PREFACE The 2 nd International Conf
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MESSAGES Message from Irina Bokova,
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Message from Grigory Ordzhonikidze,
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Message from Alexander Avdeyev, Min
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Message from Andrei Fursenko, Minis
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Message from Abulfas Karayev, Minis
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PLENARY MEETINGS Adama SAMASSÉKOU,
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supporting multilingualism, particu
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to the idea of respect for linguist
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Evgenia MIKHAILOVA Rector, North-Ea
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anked third (after Moscow and St. P
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• the Institute of Languages and
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The NEFU Development Programme incl
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marginalisation, and to enhance the
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Second, institutes are needed to a)
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• targeting federal funding and s
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• providing telecommunication net
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Education Primary, secondary and hi
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• digitising documents and museum
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The ICT Industry Issues of linguist
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A Hidden Component: The Universal D
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If anyone in a community speaks the
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Here we propose a two-dimensional c
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Table 3. Language composition of th
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Also we need a deeper analysis of t
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at measuring the linguistic diversi
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Multilingual Moments of Truth: Mome
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things in place it is possible to d
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Copyright and Public Domain Where d
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Thus it is important that we create
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Organizing Information About the Wo
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virtual library of language resourc
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We have also developed software tha
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We should recall that most of the w
Page 76 and 77: Fig.8 - Language of publication of
Page 78 and 79: In 2008, we compared the first 30 l
Page 80 and 81: translators and to human translator
Page 82 and 83: The African Linguistic Mosaic The l
Page 84 and 85: Factors Militating Against the Pres
Page 86 and 87: Taking into account the work on the
Page 88 and 89: priorities in the Language Plan of
Page 90 and 91: Gilvan Müller de OLIVEIRA Director
Page 92 and 93: In this particular aspect the Portu
Page 94 and 95: • Bilingual education programmes
Page 96 and 97: Javier LÓPEZ SÁNCHEZ Director Gen
Page 98 and 99: linkages and coordination of effort
Page 100 and 101: The following proposals for action
Page 102 and 103: existence (Deshpande 1979). When Bu
Page 104 and 105: All the above academic, language an
Page 106 and 107: centres for Indian Language Technol
Page 108 and 109: Natalia GENDINA Director, Research
Page 110 and 111: Activities of social institutions,
Page 112 and 113: • publication in 2008 under the a
Page 114 and 115: • interactivity - active interact
Page 116 and 117: 5. Всеобщая деклара
Page 118 and 119: The proportion of native speakers r
Page 120 and 121: • destruction of the genetic fund
Page 122 and 123: humanitarian practices for the pres
Page 124 and 125: SECTION 1. INSTRUMENTS FOR LANGUAGE
Page 128 and 129: Virach SORNLERTLAMVANICH Principle
Page 130 and 131: Figure 1. Community Co-Creation Cul
Page 132 and 133: Yunseok RHEE Professor, Hankuk Univ
Page 134 and 135: 3. Approaches for Web-Based Languag
Page 136 and 137: integration mentioned prior). For a
Page 138 and 139: capacity to read and write. Worse s
Page 140 and 141: To accommodate orature in cyberspac
Page 142 and 143: Nicholas THIEBERGER Senior Research
Page 144 and 145: others,but be used as a foundation
Page 146 and 147: 4. Delivery of Archival Material, P
Page 148 and 149: 6. Current Status of the PARADISEC
Page 150 and 151: an occasional mass backup of signif
Page 152 and 153: Dietrich SCHÜLLER Consultant, Vien
Page 154 and 155: carriers into safe digital reposito
Page 156 and 157: National: Other successful, althoug
Page 158 and 159: 6. Schüller, Dietrich. Audiovisual
Page 160 and 161: eing produced and exposed all aroun
Page 162 and 163: news, among others. The very nature
Page 164 and 165: Attempt to Validate the Hypothesis
Page 166 and 167: Elmir YAKUBOV Director, Khasavyurt
Page 168 and 169: uilding up a cult of ethnic excepti
Page 170 and 171: Figure 1. Representation of additio
Page 172 and 173: PT Sans is a grotesque font of mode
Page 174 and 175: Google Web Fonts API Stats monitors
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the low spread (at the time) of the
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Dzhavdet Suleymanov Professor, Kaza
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about this package. Due to our expe
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• Annotated texts, dictionaries,
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we identify structures, circuits, a
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Yakut Epic in Cyberspace: Olonkho I
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Its Information Gathering & Process
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Olonkho: Television allows to broad
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Here are some of the Olonkho-relate
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texts totalling some two million wo
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Anatoly ZHOZHIKOV Director, New Inf
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facilitate both the preservation of
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SECTION 2. INSTITUTES TO PROMOTE LI
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“Vision 2013 By 2013… • UArct
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together university and college Pre
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• UArctic Studies Catalogue • G
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“2. Teaching of language and cult
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Sergei BAKEYKIN Executive Director,
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the fact that in 2010, Evgeny Kuzmi
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The Conference final document -“T
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and how to promote social/digital i
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From this perspective I could under
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one local language and to register
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• Permit to many repertoires to i
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• Funding institutions with diffi
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Zhanna SHAIMUKHANBETOVA Director Ge
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• quantitative (the proportion of
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humanity and giving support to expr
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Irina DOBRYNINA Director, National
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language being endangered. Only 41%
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their promotion online. The “E-bo
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Institutions of primary, secondary
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Of course, we could not cover every
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These numbers, however, could be co
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2. the Repertory Catalogue of books
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• the Repertory Catalogue of book
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Indigenous worldviews, mythologies
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In 2010, a first project - organize
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Katsuko T. NAKAHIRA Assistant Profe
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We did the research of exchange stu
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Figure 3. PBL environment system ar
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Figure 4. The relation of elapsed t
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Discussion and Summary Through thes
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Anatoly ZHOZHIKOV Director, New Inf
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To make it happen, a number of wide
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Liudmila ZAIKOVA Director, Centre t
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Interregional Library Cooperation C
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Sargylana IGNATYEVA Rector, Arctic
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education, systematizing research i
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From a genetic point of view Romani
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the extension of the centre’s nam
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• The web presentation of the Cou
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Romani-dominated chats elements of
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3. Conclusion This limited but to s
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The political and economic laws tha
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Affairs, the National Academy of Sc
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national minorities the right of eq
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Preschool education marks the most
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to service a limited number of area
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Another example of mutually benefic
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• Chukchi Peninsula Eskimo societ
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161). Sea hunting off Uelen is cons
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The widows of the Gemavye brothers,
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Importantly, these statistics do no
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Expanding the Outreach of Yukaghir
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(Russian Federation), the developme
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“cultural diversity as a source o
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i. to continue searching for fair a
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