Proceedings of Topical Meeting on Optoinformatics (pdf-format, 1.21 ...

SAINT-PETERSBURG, October 17 – 20, 2005 33
ELECTRICAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF HOLOGRAMS
RECORDED IN CONDUCTOR POLYMER.
M.A. Flores-Vázquez, M.P. Hernández-Garay, A. Olivares-Pérez, I. Fuentes-Tapia, S.
Toxqui–López, Instituto Nacional de Astr<strong>of</strong>ísica Óptica y Electrónica, Optic Department,
Tonantzintla, 72000, Puebla, México
E-mail: kore-mon@hotmail.com, mgaray@inaoep.mx, olivares@inaoep.mx
We present some results obtained in the electrical and optical characterization
<strong>of</strong> the polyvinyl alcohol doped with metallic salts, controlling his chemical and
physical properties to different concentrations. Wanting to optimize the doped
polymer, controlling and registering his properties, therefore to increase his
electrical conductivity and his life time at environmental conditions. Whit this
material we storage images and holograms, showing his diffraction efficiency.
The polyvinyl alcohol is a synthetic resin produced by polymerization <strong>of</strong> the acetate
<strong>of</strong> vinyl (VAM) and later for the hydrolysis <strong>of</strong> polyacetate <strong>of</strong> vinyl [1] . Exist some
compounds that have the aptitude to agree or donate electrons, this reaction is named
oxidation – reduction. The presence <strong>of</strong> this characteristic is very useful to be able to
observe quantitatively that it happens in the course <strong>of</strong> the tests in laboratory that we realize.
In this work we present the characterization <strong>of</strong> the conductive resultant polymer its
combination polyvinyl alcohol with the salt [2] : FeCl2, AgNO 3, NaCl, KBr, NiCl 2; and
storage images and holograms with some conductive polymers.
At this moment to characterized the conductive polymer with some electro chemicals
methods and spectroscopic, where we present some obtained results. We realize different
solutions with PVA’s + every salt, with same quantities the solute and solvent, in the table
1 present some <strong>of</strong> their characteristics.
Table 1. Some characteristics <strong>of</strong> the liquid solutions for different salts.
Liquid solution pH Refraction Index Appearance
PVA+NiCl 2 4.42 1.4750
PVA+KBr 7.38 1.5125
PVA+NaCl 6.09 1.5195
PVA+AgNO 3 3.15 1.5220
PVA+ FeCl 2 1.34 1.3745
All the simples were prepared under normal laboratory conditions (22 o C - 25 o C,
relative humidity ≈ 40%-45%). Is important to mention that the characterization <strong>of</strong> a
conductive polymer is restricted to superficial technologies, being specially worn the
electrochemical methods <strong>of</strong> optical and spectroscopic.
Given the conductive nature <strong>of</strong> these materials, the superficial conductivity is so well
one <strong>of</strong> the habitual parameters <strong>of</strong> characterization being the methods <strong>of</strong> 2 tops and 4 tops
the more used (resistivity <strong>of</strong> volume). The resistivity <strong>of</strong> volume (VR) is measured by base
to the norm ASTM D4496 [3] , and is calculated bearing in mind the geometry <strong>of</strong> the
electrodes like it shows in the figure 1, in agreement with the equation (1) [4] .