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190 Nightmares sentencing, such individuals are criminals who adopt Satanism as a way of justifying their antisocial actions. See also Crime; Heavy Metal Music For Further Reading: Baddeley, Gavin. Lucifer Rising: Sin, Devil Worship and Rock’n’Roll. London: Plexus, 1999. Carlo, Philip. The Night Stalker: The True Story of America’s Most Feared Serial Killer. New York: Kensington Books, 1996. LaVey, Anton Szandor. The Satanic Bible. New York: Avon, 1969. Lyons, Arthur. Satan Wants You: The Cult of Devil Worship in America. New York: Mysterious Press, 1988. Newton, Michael. Raising Hell: An Encyclopedia of Devil Worship and Satanic Crime. New York: Avon, 1993. Nightmares Other dreams are evil, sent by the Devil, and often show obscene images, and some stir up the humors of the body and provoke sensual movement, against which the Church sings: “Remove dreams and nocturnal phantasies from me, and restrain our enemy so that our bodies will not be sullied.” —Father Gracian, confessor of St. Theresa All cultures and all time periods report nightmares. Given the widespread belief in demons before the contemporary period, it is only natural that the common experience of nightmares would often be explained in terms of the intrusion of demonic forces. This explanation is so widespread, in fact, that it is not unusual to find special prayers and ceremonies intended to protect the sleeper from evil entities. Despite the many revelatory dreams recorded in the Bible, the Christian tradition has generally taken a negative attitude toward dreaming. Some medieval churchmen went so far as to denounce all dreams as creations of the Devil. Speculation on the demonic status of nightmares with Christianity goes back to the church fathers. Tertullian was a third century lawyer-turnedpriest who was the first significant Christian theologian to write in Latin rather than Greek. Eight chapters of his A Treatise on the Soul dealt with the closely related phenomena of sleep and dreams. Tertullian felt that the ongoing activity of the mind in dreams while the body was motionless in sleep proved that the soul was independent of the body, and thus immortal. As part of his adherence to the idea of the disjunction between the body and the soul during sleep, he discounted the idea that the condition of the body (e.g., whether one was fasting or had eaten spicy food the preceding day) influenced one’s dreams. He was also critical of the idea that the soul left the body and traveled during sleep. Tertullian also classified dreams according to their source. Although God was responsible for many dreams, so were demons. With respect to the latter, Tertullian asserted confidently that dreamers would not be held responsible for sins committed in their sleep, any more than they would receive crowns in heaven for imaginary acts of martyrdom. Macrobius was a fourth century Christian writer whose Commentary on the Dream of Scipio became the most influential dream book of medieval Europe. Compared with his contemporaries, Macrobius was negative and superstitious. Clearly indebted to the Oneirocritica, the dreambook of the great pagan dream interpreter Artemidorus, Macrobius added material on apparitions and nightmares—topics not explicitly covered by Artemidorus. Macrobius also included a discussion of incubi and succubi, the sexual demons who seduced virtuous men and women in their sleep, and who became highly popular creatures in medieval European demonological lore. Although these beings are rooted in earlier Jewish folklore, Macrobius appears to have been the person to introduce them into Christianity. Of particular importance for the Middle Ages was St. Jerome’s mistranslation of certain key biblical passages that, in the original, read something along the lines of, “you shall not practice augury witchcraft.” In Jerome’s translation, which became authoritative, the same passage reads, “you shall not practice augury nor observe dreams.” These explicit condemnations, in combination with the admonitions of writers like Macrobius who warned against the attacks of demons in one’s sleep, served effectively to condemn dreams as little more than stages for
Nightmares 191 Demon in a drawing called “The Nightmare” from the 1863 edition of Collin de Plancy’s Dictionnaire Infernal,based on a large romantic painting by Salvador Rosa. (Fortean Picture Library) Satan’s minions to tempt the souls of the faithful. The medieval attitude is expressed in, for example, a sixteenth-century work, De Magia (1598), by Benedict Pererius, a Jesuit priest: “The devil is most always implicated in dreams, filling the minds of men with poisonous superstition and not only uselessly deluding but perniciously deceiving them” (Van de Castle 1994, 83).
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SATANISM TODAY AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF R
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Copyright 2001 by James R. Lewis Al
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vi Contents Black Roses, 29 Blake,
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viii Contents N Near-Death Experien
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INTRODUCTION Even though times have
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Introduction xiii imagery was also
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Introduction xv however, following
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2 Abraxas as conceived by Crowley i
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4 Ahriman chip cookies. He then ope
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6 Angel Heart symbols are widely us
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8 The Anticult Movement stages, opp
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10 Apparition Edward Kelly summons
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12 Aquinas, Thomas ing through into
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14 Aquino, Michael A. demons who, t
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16 Ascendancy Book of Ephesians:
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18 Azazel light of glory. The syste
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20 Baphomet (Sigil of Baphomet) out
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22 Bardo Thödol (The Tibetan Book
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24 Beast of the Yellow Night about
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26 Belphegor directing the tolling
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28 Black Mass Holy Bible, and audib
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30 Bless the Child own designs for
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32 Bosch, Hieronymus Bosch’s Gard
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34 Buddhism acknowledged to exist,
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36 Builders of the Adytum BOTA is v
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38 Cathars Anton LaVey lists candle
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40 Cattle Mutilations working out o
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42 Cerberus theorists in the 1980s,
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44 Charleroi Case from the thinking
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46 Chick Publications that multitud
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48 China force their beliefs on the
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50 Church of Satan Church of Satan
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52 Church of Satanic Liberation Cen
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54 The Craft Jungian perspective. T
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56 Curse of the Demon and is the pr
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58 Curses destruction; drawings, pa
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D Damn Yankees This 1955 Broadway m
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Dee, John 63 Alighieri’s fourteen
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Demons 65 contact with the dualist
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Demons 67 nature and clearly under
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Devil’s Advocate 69 Jabez Stone,
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Devil’s Triangle 71 Bermuda trian
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Dragons 73 Dogma Two modern-day fal
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Dungeons and Dragons 75 America, ga
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78 Egypt an animal or part-human/pa
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80 End of Days I did not murder. I
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82 Ereshkigal Some letters from the
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84 Evocation and Invocation This th
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86 Expressions bound, reacting with
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88 Familiars the Fallen Angels. 196
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90 Fire (Hellfire) horror is the
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92 Fraternitas Rosae Crucis proclai
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94 Fraternity (Society) of the Inne
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96 The Gnostic Order and Temple of
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98 Goth Subculture Siouxie Sioux, l
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100 Gris-gris Gris-gris Gris-gris r
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102 Hades An 18th century print of
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104 Harrowing of Hell See also Chic
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106 Heavy Metal Music Iron Maiden,
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108 Hell and Heaven Moynihan, Micha
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110 Hellhole History. 1988. New Yor
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112 Hermetic Order of the Golden Da
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114 Hinduism A distinctive fresco d
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116 Hinduism Because their written
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118 Humor stopped, and threatened t
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I Iblis (Eblis) All of the religion
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Incubi and Succubi 123 Succubus (to
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Ingram Ritual Abuse Case 125 this t
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Ingram Ritual Abuse Case 127 Anothe
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Islam 129 sort of interworld (barza
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J Jacob One of the more bizarre tal
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Johnson, Robert 133 finally to the
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Judaism and Hebrew Scriptures 135 (
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Judaism and Hebrew Scriptures 137 a
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Page 163 and 164: Laws and Ritual Abuse 147 profile m
Page 165 and 166: Leviathan 149 Church, he became a p
Page 167 and 168: Limbo 151 and whom he will have thr
Page 169 and 170: Lucifer 153 when he began his minis
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Page 174 and 175: 158 Magic and Magical Groups patter
Page 176 and 177: 160 Manson, Charles Its central tea
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Page 180 and 181: 164 Mastema time of this writing, t
Page 182 and 183: 166 Matamoros Murders especially cl
Page 184 and 185: 168 Mather, Cotton series of crises
Page 186 and 187: 170 McMartin Ritual Abuse Case and
Page 188 and 189: 172 McMartin Ritual Abuse Case The
Page 190 and 191: 174 Mesoamerica called “high” c
Page 192 and 193: 176 Mind Control, Satanic are spiri
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Page 196 and 197: 180 Mr. Bubbles Case embodies the M
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Page 222 and 223: 206 Pembroke Ritual Abuse Case me
Page 224 and 225: 208 Peretti, Frank E. The climax of
Page 226 and 227: 210 Possession and Exorcism Sri Lan
Page 228 and 229: 212 Possession and Exorcism narrati
Page 230 and 231: 214 Possession and Exorcism is requ
Page 232 and 233: 216 Procter and Gamble were perform
Page 234 and 235: 218 Prometheus Society also likely
Page 236 and 237: 220 The Pyx, a.k.a. The Hooker Cult
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Page 240 and 241: 224 Rivera, Geraldo or her own pers
Page 242 and 243: 226 Robin Hood Hills Murders recall
Page 244 and 245: 228 Rochdale Ritual Abuse Case HBO
Page 246 and 247: 230 Runes idea of a secret infernal
Page 248 and 249: 232 Sabbat Illustration from Collin
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Page 252 and 253: 236 Salem Witchcraft An afflicted g
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240 The Satanic Rites of Dracula Ta
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242 Satanic Ritual Abuse murders in
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244 Satanic Ritual Abuse Rivera’s
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246 Season of the Witch Flash photo
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248 Shakespeare Thus it is possible
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250 The Shawnee hunt as best they c
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252 Sheol Almost immediately, howev
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254 Stay Tuned unusual shows have r
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256 The Temple of Lylyth The Temple
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258 Thee Satanic Church Other LHP g
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260 Torment of the Damned jokes and
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U UFOs and Demons Unidentified flyi
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UFOs and Demons 265 epidemic, gener
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The United Kingdom, Ritual Abuse in
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The United Kingdom, Ritual Abuse in
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V Virgil Virgil’s Aeneid was the
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Vodoun (also Voodoo; Vodun) 273 the
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Vodoun (also Voodoo; Vodun) 275 liv
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278 Warlock; Warlock: The Armageddo
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280 Wicca Letters century. It was l
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282 Wormwood Witches of Eastwick (1
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284 Zoroastrianism greet him on the
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286 Chronology constitutes the othe
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288 Chronology being forced to eat
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290 Chronology updated exorcism rit
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292 Appendix I: Sample Documents in
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294 Appendix I: Sample Documents ed
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296 Appendix I: Sample Documents ev
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298 Appendix I: Sample Documents di
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300 Appendix II: 1992 FBI Study of
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326 Appendix III: Satanist Survey t
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328 Appendix III: Satanist Survey T
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330 Appendix III: Satanist Survey c
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332 Appendix III: Satanist Survey L
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334 Appendix III: Satanist Survey m
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336 Appendix III: Satanist Survey i
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338 Resources Bierlein, J. F. Paral
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340 Resources Goldenberg, Robert.
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342 Resources Masello, Robert. Fall
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344 Resources Segraves, Kelly L. So
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346 Resources Tezrian’s Vault htt
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348 Index and Indo-Europeans, 124-1
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350 Index Cain, Reverend, 52 Califo
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352 Index and Role-Playing Games, 7
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354 Index and mythology, 77-80 See
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356 Index Gris-gris, 100. See also
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358 Index JET report. See Nottingha
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360 Index Magic Circle and LaVey, A
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362 Index Obsessive-compulsive diso
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364 Index and Zoroastrianism, 284 R
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366 Index Semyaza, 247. See also Fa
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368 Index and Newcastle ritual abus
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About the Author James R. Lewis tea
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