Handbook of Energy Storage for Transmission or ... - W2agz.com

Handbook of Energy Storage for Transmission or ... - W2agz.com Handbook of Energy Storage for Transmission or ... - W2agz.com

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EPRI Proprietary Licensed Material Regenesys Electricity Storage Technology any given installation for small incremental cost. (See next section for a further discussion of cost factors.) Of course, using a Regenesys energy storage plant for multiple applications implies a capability to be able to dispatch the plant to an alternative or additional application when called upon to do so. It must be clear from the information presented previously in this chapter that Regenesys energy storage systems are best suited to applications that utilize diurnal energy storage or the like, e.g., load leveling. With an appropriately sized converter, however, a Regenesys plant could also be available for much of the time for short discharge time applications. Thus, while being used for diurnal energy storage that typifies long discharge time applications such as load leveling, the Regenesys plant could also be used to help mitigate system instability or to improve power reliability for customers for whom this can be an economic benefit and thus a marketable commodity. Innogy and others have proposed a long list of potential applications for systems that can accommodate both short and long discharge times, including: o Load Leveling o Energy Arbitrage o Transmission Deferral/Support, supply-side Peak Shaving o Provision of ancillary services such as area/frequency regulation, spinning reserve, and black start o Maximization of generation assets profitability by providing ramping, load following, dispatch for emissions minimization o System Stability and FACTS Storage o Minimization of impacts of T&D disturbances on power reliability o Power quality for industrial (transmission) customers provided from the supply side of the meter o Peak shaving on the customer side of the meter o Power quality for commercial customers provided on their side of the meter Many of these potential applications for energy storage provide no benefit to the T&D system, for which this Handbook is intended. However, while not directly benefiting the T&D system, some of these applications can be readily served as additional functions by storage plants installed for T&D benefit (e.g., ancillary services such as area/frequency regulation). Some of Page 15

EPRI Proprietary Licensed Material Regenesys Electricity Storage Technology the applications listed require power and energy capabilities that are much smaller (e.g., customer-side PQ) or much larger (e.g., FACTS storage) than are likely to be offered by Innogy for at least for the next several years. As a result of these consideration, not all the applications listed above are to be considered in detail in this section. Instead, only those applications shown in Table 1 will be subjected to detailed consideration. It again should be noted that Innogy believes that Regenesys electricity storage plants can only be built so as to provide a sufficiently high benefits to offset their costs if combinations of applications are included. Descriptions of the applications to be considered in detail for Regenesys are given in the following sub-sections. Transmission Deferral/Support 4 When growing demand for electricity approaches the capacity of a transmission system, transmission providers (wires company) currently add new lines and transformers. Since load grows gradually, new facilities are larger than necessary at the time of their installation, and there is an under-utilization of the new transmission assets during the first several years of operation. To defer the purchase of a new line and/or transformer, a wires company could instead install a Regenesys energy storage plant close to the load center and discharge the energy storage plant as necessary (e.g., shave peaks at the sub-station) to keep from overloading existing transmission assets. The deferral can be made until the load warrants purchase of conventional transmission upgrades. 4 Applications descriptions have been adapted from “Battery Energy Storage for Utility Applications: Phase I Opportunities Analysis”, P. Butler, Report for DOE by Sandia National Labs, SAND94-2605, 1994 Page 16

EPRI Proprietary Licensed Material<br />

Regenesys Electricity <strong>St<strong>or</strong>age</strong> Technology<br />

the applications listed require power and energy capabilities that are much smaller (e.g.,<br />

customer-side PQ) <strong>or</strong> much larger (e.g., FACTS st<strong>or</strong>age) than are likely to be <strong>of</strong>fered by Innogy<br />

<strong>f<strong>or</strong></strong> at least <strong>f<strong>or</strong></strong> the next several years. As a result <strong>of</strong> these consideration, not all the applications<br />

listed above are to be considered in detail in this section. Instead, only those applications shown<br />

in Table 1 will be subjected to detailed consideration. It again should be noted that Innogy<br />

believes that Regenesys electricity st<strong>or</strong>age plants can only be built so as to provide a sufficiently<br />

high benefits to <strong>of</strong>fset their costs if <strong>com</strong>binations <strong>of</strong> applications are included. Descriptions <strong>of</strong><br />

the applications to be considered in detail <strong>f<strong>or</strong></strong> Regenesys are given in the following sub-sections.<br />

<strong>Transmission</strong> Deferral/Supp<strong>or</strong>t 4<br />

When growing demand <strong>f<strong>or</strong></strong> electricity approaches the capacity <strong>of</strong> a transmission system,<br />

transmission providers (wires <strong>com</strong>pany) currently add new lines and trans<strong>f<strong>or</strong></strong>mers. Since load<br />

grows gradually, new facilities are larger than necessary at the time <strong>of</strong> their installation, and<br />

there is an under-utilization <strong>of</strong> the new transmission assets during the first several years <strong>of</strong><br />

operation. To defer the purchase <strong>of</strong> a new line and/<strong>or</strong> trans<strong>f<strong>or</strong></strong>mer, a wires <strong>com</strong>pany could<br />

instead install a Regenesys energy st<strong>or</strong>age plant close to the load center and discharge the energy<br />

st<strong>or</strong>age plant as necessary (e.g., shave peaks at the sub-station) to keep from overloading existing<br />

transmission assets. The deferral can be made until the load warrants purchase <strong>of</strong> conventional<br />

transmission upgrades.<br />

4 Applications descriptions have been adapted from “Battery <strong>Energy</strong> <strong>St<strong>or</strong>age</strong> <strong>f<strong>or</strong></strong> Utility Applications: Phase I<br />

Opp<strong>or</strong>tunities Analysis”, P. Butler, Rep<strong>or</strong>t <strong>f<strong>or</strong></strong> DOE by Sandia National Labs, SAND94-2605, 1994<br />

Page 16

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