Handbook of Energy Storage for Transmission or ... - W2agz.com

EPRI Proprietary Licensed Material
Cellenium is developing other non-storage vanadium technologies, including a vanadium
sulfate fuel cell technology that is capable of converting locally-produced sugar crops
into electricity. Their market strategy focuses primarily on this application rather than
the storage battery.
While the Cellenium VRB is capable of connecting to a conventional PCS, the company
is developing a unique “inductionless” power conversion technology that would replace
the conventional PCS. By tapping each individual cell within the stack, an AC waveform
can be produced by switching individual cells. The “AC terminals” on the battery can
produce a relatively smooth waveform with a peak of 170 V and a step resolution of 1.3
V (the cell voltage). The system can be used as a frequency converter or a standard
AC/DC converter.
Precommercial 1 kW Cellenium VRB prototypes will be available by November 2002
including systems used for (1) solar grid connected applications, (2) solar stand alone
applications, and (3) load leveling applications.
2.5. Technology Status Summary
Table 2 summarizes the status of the Vanadium Redox Battery in its current stage.
Vanadium Redox Battery 19