Handbook of Energy Storage for Transmission or ... - W2agz.com

More documents

Recommendations

Info

EPRI Proprietary Licensed Material Table 3 Major Flywheel Manufacturers And Their Products Manufacturer Product Name Rotor Type 1 Nominal Standby Rotor Speed (rpm) Rotor Environment Bearing Type Power Rating (kW) Discharge Time Recharge Time Standby Power Loss 2 Active Power CleanSource Steel 7,700 Rough vacuum Magnetic & Mechanical 3 250 13.5 sec 2.5 min @ 100A 0.76% Piller Powerbridge Steel 3,600 Helium Hitec (formerly Holec) Continuous Power Supply (CPS)* Steel 3,600 Air Mechanical Magnetic & Mechanical 3 1100 15 sec 60 sec 4.5% 275 - 2000 kVA 10 sec 10 sec 2.5% SatCon Starsine Rotary UPS* Steel 1,800 Air Mechanical 315 - 2200kVA 12 sec 12 sec 2.3% AFS Trinity M3A Graphite Composite 40,800 Vacuum Active Magnetic 100 15 sec 15 sec 0.70% Pentadyne PPC 120 Graphite Composite 55,000 Vacuum Active Magnetic 120 20 sec 20 sec 0.10% Urenco Power Technologies pq250 Graphite Composite 36,000 Vacuum Magnetic 250 30 sec 26 sec 0.28% Beacon Power SmartEnergy BHE-6 Graphite Composite 22,500 Vacuum Active Magnetic 2 3 hrs 2.5 hrs @ 4kW 3.5% 1 Products are listed based on likely application with higher power flywheels listed first followed by higher energy systems. 2 Standby power loss is given as a percent of rated power. Where rated power is a range, the maximum power is used for this calculation. 3 These systems use electro-magnets for lifting of a vertical shaft wheel to reduce the weight on lower mechanical bearings. Flywheels Page 16
EPRI Proprietary Licensed Material The heart of the CleanSource2 is a 14” high, 32” in diameter integrated motor, generator and flywheel storage system that is capable of storing and delivering up to 250kW of DC power to the DC bus of a UPS. The flywheel stores energy as angular momentum in a single piece, forged 4340 steel wheel rotating in a near vacuum. The motor/alternator, characterized as a “homo-polar induction alternator,” has a novel design. There are no permanent magnets used, nor are there wound rotor type coils or magnets on the rotor. No brushes are employed. A field coil structure above and below the wheel magnetizes the rotor and produces characteristics of a salient pole generator. By driving higher current in the upper coil the magnetic structure supports most of the rotor weight via integral upper and lower magnetic ring bearings. This unloads the mechanical bearings to about 100 lbs and greatly extends their life. Active Power has strategic relationships with several large manufacturers, including Caterpillar, PowerWare, and General Electric Digital Energy. Caterpillar is currently marketing the Caterpillar UPS, a battery-free UPS system using Active Power’s technology. PowerWare, a subsidiary of Invensys, markets the PF2 Flywheel Energy Storage system, which uses Active Power’s flywheel technology. Active Power also sells complete AC systems, which combine one or two flywheels in a cabinet with AC inverters to provide three-phase power. Active Power plans to expand its line of flywheel systems. The Company recently released a lower power 150kW system, and expanded its UPS systems to include 150 kVA and 1200 kVA modules in addition to the existing 250 kVA through 900 kVA units marketed by Caterpillar. Active Power is also developing a high-inertia microturbine to replace battery packs in telecommunications power applications. The latter device is reminiscent of more conventional steel flywheel systems. AFS Trinity AFS Trinity, based in Medina, Washington, is the result of a merger between American Flywheel Systems (AFS) and Trinity Flywheel Power in 2000. The company has licensed composite flywheel technology from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories to produce their short discharge time flywheel system. The AFS Trinity system uses a high-speed, high-strength carbon composite rotor contained within a vacuum housing and is mounted on active magnetic bearings. The AFS Trinity system is unusual in the “inside-out” configuration of the motor/generator: permanent magnets are fixed in the core of the rotor, and revolve with the rotor around a stator inside the core. This system eliminates the shaft connecting the flywheel to the generator. AFS Trinity has plans to market two products, the M3A and the M4A. The former, scheduled to become commercially available in late 2002, is a 100kW DC power flywheel system for use in power quality and short ride through applications. The M4A is a larger, 250kW device, planned to become available at an unspecified later date. Beacon Power Corporation Based in Wilmington, Massachusetts, Beacon Power was formed in 1997 when SatCon spun off its Energy Systems Division. Beacon became a separate entity in 1998, trading on the NASDAQ exchange under the ticker symbol BCON. Flywheels Page 17
Page 1:
Handbook of Energy Storage for Tran
Page 4 and 5:
DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES AND LIMITA
Page 7:
EPRI Proprietary Licensed Material
Page 10 and 11:
Vanadium Redox Battery 2
Page 12 and 13:
Page 14 and 15:
Page 16 and 17:
Page 18 and 19:
Page 20 and 21:
Page 22 and 23:
Page 24 and 25:
Page 26 and 27:
Page 28 and 29:
Page 30 and 31:
Page 32 and 33:
Page 34 and 35:
Page 36 and 37:
Page 38 and 39:
Page 40 and 41:
Page 42 and 43:
Page 45 and 46:
Page 47 and 48:
Page 49 and 50:
Page 51 and 52:
Page 53 and 54:
Regenesys Electricity Storage Techn
Page 55 and 56:
Page 57 and 58:
Page 59 and 60:
Page 61 and 62:
Page 63 and 64:
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73:
Page 76 and 77:
Page 78 and 79:
Page 80 and 81:
Page 82 and 83:
Page 84 and 85:
Page 86 and 87:
The status of sodium sulfur batteri
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118: EPRI Proprietary Licensed Material
Page 145: EPRI Proprietary Licensed Material
Page 151: EPRI Proprietary Licensed Material
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223 and 224:
Page 225 and 226:
Page 227 and 228:
Page 229 and 230:
Page 231 and 232:
Page 233 and 234:
Page 235 and 236:
Page 237 and 238:
Page 239 and 240:
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
Page 247 and 248:
Page 249 and 250:
Page 251 and 252:
Page 253 and 254:
Page 255 and 256:
Page 257 and 258:
Page 259 and 260:
Page 261 and 262:
Page 263 and 264:
Page 265 and 266:
Page 267 and 268:
Page 269 and 270:
Page 271 and 272:
Page 273 and 274:
Page 275 and 276:
Page 277 and 278:
Page 279 and 280:
Page 281 and 282:
Page 283 and 284:
Page 285 and 286:
Page 287 and 288:
Page 289 and 290:
Page 291 and 292:
Page 293 and 294:
Page 295 and 296:
Page 297 and 298:
Page 300:
About EPRI EPRI creates science and
show all

Handbook of Energy Storage for Transmission or ... - W2agz.com

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?