Handbook of Energy Storage for Transmission or ... - W2agz.com
Handbook of Energy Storage for Transmission or ... - W2agz.com Handbook of Energy Storage for Transmission or ... - W2agz.com
Vanadium Redox Battery 2
EPRI Proprietary Licensed Material TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Description..................................................................................................................... 6 1.1. Introduction............................................................................................................. 6 1.2. History of Development........................................................................................... 7 1.3. Technology Description........................................................................................... 8 1.4. Technology Attributes ........................................................................................... 10 Capacity .................................................................................................................... 10 Space requirements ................................................................................................... 10 Maintenance requirements........................................................................................ 10 Life............................................................................................................................ 10 Efficiency.................................................................................................................. 11 Response Time.......................................................................................................... 11 Environmental impact............................................................................................... 12 DC Electrical Characteristics.................................................................................... 12 AC Electrical Interconnection................................................................................... 14 2. Status............................................................................................................................. 15 2.1. Licensing................................................................................................................ 15 2.2. Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. ........................................................................ 16 2.3. Vantech (VRB) Technology Corporation.............................................................. 17 2.4. Cellenium Company, Ltd....................................................................................... 18 2.5. Technology Status Summary ................................................................................. 19 3. Applications ................................................................................................................. 21 3.1. Applications Overview. ........................................................................................ 21 3.2. DR/Peak Shaving................................................................................................... 23 Description................................................................................................................ 23 Alternatives............................................................................................................... 23 Control/Dispatch Strategy......................................................................................... 23 Prospects for Success................................................................................................ 24 3.3. Spinning Reserve ................................................................................................... 24 Description................................................................................................................ 24 Alternatives............................................................................................................... 25 Control/Dispatch Strategy......................................................................................... 25 Prospects for Success................................................................................................ 25 3.4. Windfarm Stabilization & Dispatch....................................................................... 25 Description................................................................................................................ 25 Alternatives............................................................................................................... 25 Control/Dispatch Strategy......................................................................................... 26 Prospects for Success................................................................................................ 26 4. Costs and Benefits......................................................................................................... 27 4.1. Overview............................................................................................................... 27 4.2. Costs....................................................................................................................... 27 Capital Costs ............................................................................................................. 27 O&M Costs ............................................................................................................... 29 4.3. Benefits .................................................................................................................. 31 DR/Peak Shaving...................................................................................................... 31 Spinning Reserve ...................................................................................................... 31 Vanadium Redox Battery 3
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Vanadium Redox Battery 2
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