WORLD PRESS TRENDS - World Association of Newspapers

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ADVERTISING ADVERTISING Newspaper ad expenditure and newspapers’ share of the ad market US$ million (current prices) 120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 45.0 40.0 35.0 30.0 25.0 % 20.0 15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Ad expenditure (left hand scale) Market share (right hand scale) Every six months ZenithOptimedia collects advertising expenditure figures from 57 countries around the world, including forecasts for the next few years. We estimate that total advertising expenditure shrank by 3.6% between 2000 and 2002, as companies had to cope with falling profits and lower expectations of future growth. Newspaper ad expenditure fell faster: by 7.5%, we estimate. The downturn hit hardest in the large, developed ad markets, when the bubbles of exuberance in the dotcom, IT and telecommunications sectors burst so dramatically in 2001. Several of the developing markets escaped the advertising downturn almost entirely. These smaller markets tend to spend much more on television and less in newspapers, so their relative strength shifted a portion of world ad expenditure from the latter to the former. Newspapers’ share of the world ad market fell from 32.1% in 2000 to 30.8% in 2002. This was a particularly sharp instance of the long decline in newspapers’ market share, which has been going on for as long as we have been collecting data. As the above chart shows, however, over the long term the amount spent on newspaper advertising has grown quite substantially, if erratically; even after two years of decline newspaper ad expenditure was higher in 2002 than it was in 1999. Newspapers’ loss of share is largely the result of the growth of other media, offering advertisers new opportunities, rather than a decline in newspapers themselves. During the 1980s and 1990s television markets across the world deregulated, allowing television to supply audiences to advertisers more efficiently. The internet, of course, has created an entirely new form of advertising, and even outdoor, which may seem a quintessentially old medium, is improving as contractors develop new types of display. Newspapers are innovating too, developing special sections to capture new readers and provide a platform for specialist advertisers, and refining their editorial content and design. Notably, newspapers have made creative use of the internet to extend their paper activities. Many have developed large databases of classified advertising, often in partnership with other newspapers owned by the same publisher, or with other publishers. This was partly a defensive reaction to the emergence of purely online classified advertising, but also a way to extend the reach and value of their existing classified advertising businesses, which for many local newspapers were previously confined to small distribution areas. This sort of advertising is subsumed within general internet advertising, not captured in the newspaper ad expenditure figures cited above, but it provides publishers with a useful second stream of income and a means to promote their main paper products. It is true that newspaper circulation is declining in the developed world, as we describe later in the ‘Titles and circulations’ section. But it is growing quite rapidly in the developing world, which holds most of the world’s population. There is no sign that overall demand for newspapers is under any long-term threat, and while people continue to read newspapers, advertisers will want to use newspapers to reach them. 2 WORLD ASSOCIATION OF NEWSPAPERS - WORLD PRESS TRENDS 2003
ADVERTISING REVENUE SHARES 1998 (%) 2002 (%) 2005 (%) News Maga- News Maga- Newspapers zines TV Radio Cinema Outdoor Internet papers zines TV Radio Cinema Outdoor Internet papers Argentina 43.9 8.1 35.0 6.0 1.3 5.7 - 30.6 10.0 42.0 9.0 1.7 6.7 - 31.2 Australia 42.6 10.8 34.0 7.9 0.8 3.9 - 41.8 10.3 33.4 9.3 0.8 3.6 0.8 41.4 Austria 30.7 27.8 23.8 10.2 0.6 6.9 - 29.4 30.1 24.6 8.3 0.6 7.0 - 28.4 Belgium 21.0 15.5 42.8 8.7 1.5 10.3 0.1 18.1 13.9 44.6 11.1 1.2 9.8 1.3 18.6 Brazil 22.7 9.5 59.4 4.0 - 4.4 - 21.6 10.6 58.2 4.8 - 2.2 2.5 21.6 Bulgaria 28.1 7.5 64.4 - - - - 18.9 4.7 62.8 - - 13.5 - 22.7 Cameroon 22.0 36.0 27.0 - - 15.0 - - - - - - - - - Canada 44.6 5.4 32.8 13.2 0.1 3.5 0.4 40.9 6.8 33.2 13.4 0.2 4.1 1.5 39.5 Chile 35.0 4.5 42.9 11.0 0.3 6.3 - 32.5 3.9 46.0 10.4 0.4 6.8 - 32.2 China 33.9 2.3 44.1 4.3 - 15.4 - 37.3 2.8 40.9 4.3 - 14.6 - 35.7 Colombia 20.4 6.4 57.2 16.0 - - - 23.3 6.1 61.4 9.2 - - - 23.1 Costa Rica * 35.1 4.5 46.1 14.3 - - - 29.1 5.9 49.6 15.4 - - - - Cyprus 11.1 10.4 78.5 - - - - - - - - - - - - Czech Rep. 22.3 21.3 46.7 4.4 - 5.2 - 18.6 20.9 49.9 3.5 0.2 6.1 0.7 17.9 Denmark 51.9 3.4 18.0 1.6 0.6 24.6 - 45.2 3.3 16.1 2.2 0.6 29.8 2.7 44.3 Estonia 46.5 11.8 25.8 9.9 - 6.0 - 45.5 13.3 24.4 9.2 - 5.2 2.5 42.8 Finland 55.5 16.2 21.0 3.5 0.2 3.2 0.4 55.0 17.1 19.2 4.3 0.2 3.1 1.0 54.0 France 16.5 34.1 29.5 6.9 0.6 12.2 0.2 16.5 32.6 30.4 7.4 0.8 11.3 1.0 15.8 Germany 45.4 23.9 23.0 3.4 0.9 3.2 0.1 42.7 23.3 24.2 3.6 0.9 4.4 0.9 42.2 Greece 16.2 26.8 42.0 4.6 0.5 9.9 - 14.2 29.6 35.3 4.0 0.6 16.2 0.1 13.9 Hong Kong 32.3 10.2 49.8 4.9 0.4 2.4 - 34.9 13.8 44.7 2.4 0.2 3.6 0.4 37.0 Hungary 17.5 14.7 55.5 5.2 0.3 6.7 - 12.4 12.0 64.3 4.5 0.3 6.5 - 13.2 Iceland * 66.0 6.0 27.0 - - 1.0 - 53.4 9.3 33.1 - - 4.2 - - India 49.1 - 39.8 1.9 0.4 8.8 - 47.8 - 40.4 3.5 0.4 7.4 0.5 46.0 Indonesia 25.4 5.1 58.8 3.6 0.1 6.9 0.0 26.3 5.6 62.8 3.4 0.1 1.9 0.0 24.0 Ireland 49.4 3.5 29.8 8.7 0.9 7.7 - 55.8 2.1 22.4 8.1 0.7 10.3 0.5 54.9 Israel 56.1 4.6 25.1 7.2 0.1 6.9 - 56.9 4.9 21.4 8.9 0.4 6.7 0.8 57.8 Italy 22.1 14.9 53.2 5.1 0.6 4.1 0.1 21.3 14.8 53.3 4.9 0.7 3.9 1.2 20.8 Japan 27.1 9.8 44.9 5.0 - 13.0 0.3 25.5 9.6 46.0 4.4 - 12.5 2.0 24.7 Kenya * 36.0 7.0 28.0 28.0 1.0 - - 36.4 3.4 24.6 34.7 0.9 - - - Latvia 42.1 6.5 34.8 12.6 - 4.0 - 36.5 12.0 34.1 10.9 0.5 5.1 0.8 32.2 Lebanon * 19.2 - 66.4 7.7 2.4 4.2 - 21.0 8.0 42.0 9.0 - 20.0 - - Lithuania 42.3 5.6 39.2 7.1 - 5.8 - 32.9 12.4 40.1 8.7 0.1 5.8 0.1 29.8 Luxembourg 65.3 5.4 9.8 15.8 1.4 2.3 - 62.3 10.3 7.0 13.6 - 6.8 - - Malaysia 57.5 5.1 31.9 2.6 0.5 2.5 - 62.1 4.2 27.2 4.0 0.3 2.1 - 65.9 Mexico 17.2 13.5 54.8 14.4 - - - 16.0 9.4 60.1 14.5 - - - 11.3 Mongolia 47.9 0.3 44.0 7.8 - - - - - - - - - - - Netherlands 26.5 15.4 43.0 9.5 0.5 5.3 - 20.0 13.5 50.8 9.8 0.4 4.7 0.7 19.7 New Zealand 39.9 11.0 34.8 12.5 0.7 1.0 - 39.9 11.2 32.8 13.2 0.6 2.3 - 38.6 Norway 48.5 12.2 31.4 5.0 1.2 1.7 - 43.9 12.0 34.9 3.5 0.9 2.9 1.9 41.0 Pakistan 23.9 6.6 59.4 2.1 0.5 7.5 0.0 33.4 8.8 47.6 2.7 0.5 6.9 0.0 30.4 Peru * 10.6 2.8 79.9 3.4 - 3.3 - 11.9 - 78.2 3.9 - 3.6 - - Philippines 15.5 - 62.4 16.7 - 5.4 - 15.0 - 62.0 17.0 - 6.0 - 16.0 Poland 13.1 14.6 55.7 7.5 0.1 9.0 - 10.1 14.1 62.8 7.0 0.4 5.6 - 12.1 Portugal 10.0 18.6 53.4 6.5 0.6 10.4 0.5 9.4 16.9 53.4 6.7 0.8 12.3 0.6 9.2 Romania 18.6 7.4 60.7 3.3 2.1 7.9 - 9.7 6.1 77.2 3.5 0.3 3.3 - 9.1 Russia 26.9 16.9 36.9 6.2 - 13.1 - 19.8 10.9 45.8 3.6 0.3 19.3 0.3 12.7 Serbia-Montenegro 3.0 3.0 78.0 5.0 - 11.0 - 5.0 7.0 72.0 5.0 - 11.0 - - Singapore 48.5 4.9 36.6 4.6 1.3 4.1 - 42.9 4.3 37.9 7.9 1.2 5.7 - 41.6 Slovakia * 12.8 10.5 66.2 6.7 - 3.8 - 8.7 10.9 70.9 5.9 0.1 3.5 - - Slovenia 13.9 18.1 56.9 7.5 - 3.6 - - - - - - - - - South Africa 28.6 15.4 40.9 11.1 1.1 2.9 - 25.7 12.9 43.5 12.5 0.6 4.3 0.5 24.9 South Korea 52.6 3.8 24.1 2.5 - 16.9 - 44.3 4.6 32.7 3.8 - 12.5 2.1 40.2 Spain 30.6 14.5 39.9 9.5 0.9 4.6 0.1 28.3 12.9 40.4 9.0 0.8 7.6 1.0 27.5 Sri Lanka 25.0 - 40.0 25.0 - 10.0 - - - - - - - - - Sweden 57.0 13.1 20.3 3.3 0.5 4.4 1.3 49.4 14.8 21.4 3.3 0.7 4.6 5.8 47.8 Switzerland 53.6 17.8 11.2 3.2 1.1 13.0 0.2 50.7 17.7 13.1 2.8 1.0 14.4 0.5 48.2 Taiwan 32.7 9.1 53.9 4.3 - - - 24.4 11.7 57.4 4.7 - - 1.7 22.8 Tanzania 5.5 - 72.2 22.3 - - - - - - - - - - - Thailand 18.8 4.5 59.6 10.7 0.6 5.8 - 26.3 5.0 55.9 8.3 0.6 3.7 0.2 24.2 Turkey 39.7 4.3 40.9 6.2 1.5 7.5 - 36.9 3.9 44.1 7.0 1.0 7.0 0.1 35.7 UK 39.4 17.9 32.0 3.9 0.9 5.7 0.2 40.3 15.7 31.0 4.0 1.5 5.8 1.6 38.7 Ukraine 9.0 4.9 64.0 3.0 - 19.1 - 11.2 - 75.2 4.0 - 9.6 - - Uruguay 23.8 - 51.9 13.8 - 9.9 0.6 14.0 - 50.0 14.0 1.0 20.0 1.0 14.0 USA 34.2 12.1 36.0 12.8 - 3.3 1.6 31.6 10.4 36.0 13.5 - 3.4 5.1 30.7 ’Newspapers’ includes ’Magazines’ in India, the Philippines and Sri Lanks. ’Outdoor’ includes other media in Cameroon, China, Denmark, Iceland, Luxembourg and Sri Lanka. * ’2002’ figures actually refer to 2001 Source for 1998 shares: ADVERTISING Argentine Advertising Agencies Association Commercial Economic Advisory Service of Australia Nielsen, Focus Media Research ACP, MediaMark Inter-Meios project BBSS Gallup ZenithOptimedia Statistics Canada, TVB, RMB, Magazines Canada ACHAP State Admin. of Industry and Commerce ACHAP, Ibope, ZenithOptimedia Servicios Publicitarios Computerizados MEMRB/AMER Research/Megasoft/ZenithOptimedia Amer Nielsen/A-Connect Dansk Oplagskontrol ZenithOptimedia Gallup Mainostieto IREP ZAW Media Services HK Adex SRG Mediagnozis Statistics Iceland ORG-MARG, AIR, ZenithOptimedia Nielsen, IAAA Advertising Statistics of Ireland Advertising Association of Israel Media Key Dentsu ZenithOptimedia BMF Gallup Media STAT, SMM Media House Publinvest AC Nielsen IBOPE/ZenithOptimedia Central Statistical Department of Mongolia Meten & Weten AAA, Media owners AC Nielsen Gallup AdTrack Media Check/SME Adboard Amer Nielsen Sabatina/ZenithOptimedia CSOP, AC Nielsen, AGB Data Research Russian Association of Advertising Agencies SMMRI AC Nielsen, SRS Adex A-Connect Mediana, IBO Advertising Expenditure Adindex/Nielsen Korea Advertising Data, DBK Duplo, Nielsen, Infoadex ZenithOptimedia University of Gothenburg, Annonsforeningen, IRM Stiftung Werbestatistik Schweiz Rainmaker Research ZenithOptimedia Media Focus Advertising Agencies Association Advertising Association MMI Ukraine, Consulting Ukraine Asociación Uruguaya de Agencias de Publicidad NAA, IOA, TVE, CMR, CAB, RAB, Paul Kagan Assoc. WORLD ASSOCIATION OF NEWSPAPERS - WORLD PRESS TRENDS 2003 3
Page 1 and 2: WORLD PRESS TRENDS 2003 EDITION 25
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: OVERALL STATIST
Page 5: CHAPTER ONE OVERALL STATISTICS
Page 9 and 10: TITLES AND CIRCULATIONS Change (%)
Page 11 and 12: DAILIES DAILIES: COUNTRIES OF TOP 1
Page 13 and 14: TITLES DAILIES NUMBER OF TITLES/ADU
Page 15 and 16: CIRCULATION DAILIES AVERAGE CIRCULA
Page 17 and 18: ANNUAL SALES DAILIES CHANGE IN TOTA
Page 19 and 20: ADVERTISING REVENUES DAILIES CHANGE
Page 21 and 22: SALES REVENUES DAILIES CHANGE IN SA
Page 23 and 24: TITLES NON-DAILIES NUMBER OF TITLES
Page 25 and 26: CIRCULATION NON-DAILIES AVERAGE CIR
Page 27 and 28: ANNUAL SALES NON-DAILIES CHANGE IN
Page 29 and 30: SALES REVENUES NON-DAILIES NON-DAIL
Page 31 and 32: TITLES SUNDAYS NUMBER OF TITLES/ADU
Page 33 and 34: CIRCULATION SUNDAYS AVERAGE CIRCULA
Page 35 and 36: ADVERTISING/SALES REVENUES SUNDAYS
Page 37 and 38: CIRCULATION FREE PAPERS NUMBER OF T
Page 39 and 40: ANNUAL SALES FREE PAPERS FREE PAPER
Page 41 and 42: DISTRIBUTION Report on world-wide p
Page 43 and 44: DISTRIBUTION Territorial exclusivit
Page 45 and 46: CHAPTER TWO COUNTRY REPORTS
Page 47 and 48: ARGENTINA Type of newspaper sales i
Page 49 and 50: ARMENIA Commentary - IREX/ProMedia
Page 51 and 52: ARMENIA MORE FACTS Type of newspape
Page 53 and 54: AUSTRALIA * Change (%) 1998 1999 20
Page 55 and 56: AUSTRALIA ADVERTISING EXPENDITURE &
Page 57 and 58:
Commentary - Verband Österreichisc
Page 59 and 60:
AUSTRIA NUMBER OF TITLES AND CIRCUL
Page 61 and 62:
AUSTRIA Main economic indicators 19
Page 63 and 64:
MORE FACTS AZERBAIJAN Top ten daili
Page 65 and 66:
BELGIUM MORE FACTS Change (%) 1998
Page 67 and 68:
BELGIUM Advertising expenditure (Eu
Page 69 and 70:
BRAZIL MORE FACTS Change (%) 1999 2
Page 71 and 72:
BRAZIL Research Circulation is audi
Page 73 and 74:
BULGARIA Change (%) 1998 1999 2000
Page 75 and 76:
CAMEROON Due to a lack of available
Page 77 and 78:
CANADA Commentary - CNA There are c
Page 79 and 80:
CANADA Top ten advertising categori
Page 81 and 82:
CHILE Commentary - Asociación Naci
Page 83 and 84:
CHILE CROSS MEDIA OWNERSHIP Owners
Page 85 and 86:
CHINA The management of newspapers
Page 87 and 88:
CHINA Top dailies (2002) Circulatio
Page 89 and 90:
COLOMBIA POPULATION Population by a
Page 91 and 92:
COLOMBIA Online readership (no. of
Page 93 and 94:
COSTA RICA Commentary - Grupo Naci
Page 95 and 96:
COSTA RICA Internet publishing (No.
Page 97 and 98:
CROATIA Commentary - Zagreb Univers
Page 99 and 100:
CROATIA Top ten dailies (2002) Circ
Page 101 and 102:
POPULATION CYPRUS Due to a lack of
Page 103 and 104:
CYPRUS Main economic indicators 199
Page 105 and 106:
CZECH REPUBLIC NUMBER OF TITLES AND
Page 107 and 108:
CZECH REPUBLIC CROSS MEDIA OWNERSHI
Page 109 and 110:
DENMARK Commentary - Danish Newspap
Page 111 and 112:
DENMARK Top ten dailies (2002) Circ
Page 113 and 114:
EAST TIMOR POPULATION Population Al
Page 115 and 116:
ESTONIA MORE FACTS Distribution and
Page 117 and 118:
ESTONIA Advertising expenditure (Kr
Page 119 and 120:
FINLAND NUMBER OF TITLES AND CIRCUL
Page 121 and 122:
FINLAND Advertising expenditure (Eu
Page 123 and 124:
FRANCE MORE FACTS Change (%) 1998 1
Page 125 and 126:
FRANCE Main economic indicators 199
Page 127 and 128:
GERMANY POPULATION Population All i
Page 129 and 130:
GERMANY Top ten publishing companie
Page 131 and 132:
GERMANY In the press sector, a plan
Page 133 and 134:
GREECE Change (%) 1998 1999 2000 20
Page 135 and 136:
GREECE Research Readership is measu
Page 137 and 138:
HONG KONG Top ten advertising categ
Page 139 and 140:
HUNGARY MORE FACTS Change (%) 1998
Page 141 and 142:
HUNGARY Research Circulation is aud
Page 143 and 144:
ICELAND Type of newspaper sales (%)
Page 145 and 146:
INDIA The INS Press Handbook has be
Page 147 and 148:
INDIA Main economic indicators 1995
Page 149 and 150:
INDONESIA MORE FACTS Change (%) 199
Page 151 and 152:
IRELAND Commentary - Cullen Communi
Page 153 and 154:
IRELAND NUMBER OF TITLES AND CIRCUL
Page 155 and 156:
IRELAND Distribution and newsprint
Page 157 and 158:
ISRAEL POPULATION Population by age
Page 159 and 160:
ITALY Commentary - FIEG Italy is in
Page 161 and 162:
ITALY Top ten dailies (2002) Circul
Page 163 and 164:
ITALY The older scheme for assistin
Page 165 and 166:
JAPAN MORE FACTS Change (%) 1998 19
Page 167 and 168:
JAPAN Main economic indicators 1995
Page 169 and 170:
KENYA Top dailies (2001) Circulatio
Page 171 and 172:
KYRGYZSTAN Due to a lack of availab
Page 173 and 174:
KYRGYZSTAN Research Circulation is
Page 175 and 176:
LATVIA Type of newspaper sales (%)
Page 177 and 178:
LATVIA Advertising expenditure (Lat
Page 179 and 180:
LEBANON MORE FACTS Change (%) 1998
Page 181 and 182:
LITHUANIA POPULATION Population by
Page 183 and 184:
LITHUANIA ADVERTISING EXPENDITURE &
Page 185 and 186:
LUXEMBOURG Change (%) 1998 1999 200
Page 187 and 188:
LUXEMBOURG Research Circulation is
Page 189 and 190:
MACEDONIA Top ten publishing compan
Page 191 and 192:
MALAYSIA Commentary - Macomm The Ma
Page 193 and 194:
MALAYSIA ADVERTISING EXPENDITURE &
Page 195 and 196:
MEXICO Commentary - El Universal Th
Page 197 and 198:
MEXICO Top ten publishing companies
Page 199 and 200:
MOLDOVA Commentary - Association de
Page 201 and 202:
MONGOLIA POPULATION Population by a
Page 203 and 204:
MONGOLIA Top ten advertising catego
Page 205 and 206:
NETHERLANDS Commentary- Dutch Newsp
Page 207 and 208:
NETHERLANDS Change (%) 1998 1999 20
Page 209 and 210:
NETHERLANDS Advertising expenditure
Page 211 and 212:
NEW ZEALAND NUMBER OF TITLES AND CI
Page 213 and 214:
NEW ZEALAND Is there any law prohib
Page 215 and 216:
NORWAY MORE FACTS 9,000 8,000 7,000
Page 217 and 218:
PAKISTAN Due to a lack of available
Page 219 and 220:
PERU POPULATION Population by age a
Page 221 and 222:
POPULATION PHILIPPINES Due to a lac
Page 223 and 224:
POLAND Commentary - Polish Chamber
Page 225 and 226:
POLAND Change (%) 1999 2000 2001 20
Page 227 and 228:
POLAND must register as enterprises
Page 229 and 230:
PORTUGAL MORE FACTS Change (%) 1997
Page 231 and 232:
POPULATION ROMANIA Due to a lack of
Page 233 and 234:
RUSSIA POPULATION Population by age
Page 235 and 236:
RUSSIA ADVERTISING EXPENDITURE & EC
Page 237 and 238:
SERBIA-MONTENEGRO POPULATION Popula
Page 239 and 240:
SINGAPORE POPULATION Adult populati
Page 241 and 242:
SINGAPORE ADVERTISING EXPENDITURE &
Page 243 and 244:
SLOVAKIA Working population by soci
Page 245 and 246:
SLOVAKIA Internet publishing (No. o
Page 247 and 248:
SLOVENIA Commentary - CATI Slovenia
Page 249 and 250:
SLOVENIA CROSS MEDIA OWNERSHIP Owne
Page 251 and 252:
SOUTH AFRICA Newspaper colour capab
Page 253 and 254:
SOUTH KOREA Due to a lack of availa
Page 255 and 256:
SOUTH KOREA ADVERTISING EXPENDITURE
Page 257 and 258:
SPAIN NUMBER OF TITLES AND CIRCULAT
Page 259 and 260:
SPAIN Main economic indicators 1995
Page 261 and 262:
SRI LANKA Top dailies (2002) Circul
Page 263 and 264:
SWEDEN Commentary - Swedish Newspap
Page 265 and 266:
SWEDEN Change (%) 1998 1999 2000 20
Page 267 and 268:
SWEDEN ADVERTISING EXPENDITURE & EC
Page 269 and 270:
SWITZERLAND Commentary - Schweizer
Page 271 and 272:
SWITZERLAND Top ten dailies (2002)
Page 273 and 274:
SWITZERLAND ii. home, and b. in whi
Page 275 and 276:
TAIWAN Working population by social
Page 277 and 278:
TAIWAN Research No independent orga
Page 279 and 280:
TANZANIA NUMBER OF TITLES AND CIRCU
Page 281 and 282:
TANZANIA Main economic indicators 1
Page 283 and 284:
THAILAND Top ten advertising catego
Page 285 and 286:
TURKEY POPULATION Adult population
Page 287 and 288:
TURKEY ADVERTISING EXPENDITURE & EC
Page 289 and 290:
UGANDA Top ten advertisers (2001) A
Page 291 and 292:
UK POPULATION Population by age and
Page 293 and 294:
UK Classified vs display revenue (%
Page 295 and 296:
UK CROSS MEDIA OWNERSHIP Owners Reg
Page 297 and 298:
UKRAINE Commentary - Mikhail Veisbe
Page 299 and 300:
UKRAINE Contribution of classified
Page 301 and 302:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Due to a l
Page 303 and 304:
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ADVERTISIN
Page 305 and 306:
URUGUAY Change (%) 1998 1999 2000 2
Page 307 and 308:
CHAPTER THREE QUICK REFERENCE
Page 309 and 310:
QUICK REFERENCE OTHER TAXES on on o
Page 311 and 312:
QUICK REFERENCE TRANSPORT & TELECOM
Page 313 and 314:
CONTACTS Association/Company Countr
Page 315 and 316:
WORLD ASSOCIATION OF NEWSPAPERS - W
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