n. - Muthoot Group

1
bpFkv td‰nwKv
kz¿Ww temI-Øns‚
Id≥kn-bm-b-t∏mƒ
2
Ipd-®-t∏mƒ
PRICE Rs. 10/-
hm-b-\-°m¿-°v-
bpFkns\ hnb¿∏n®
Pm¿J≠p-Im-c≥
6
VOL. 6 ISSUE 9 SEPTEMBER 2011
Pqsse \mWy-s∏-cp∏w
SEPTEMBER 2011
9.22 %
7

2
kz¿Ww temI-Øns‚
Id≥kn-bm-b-t∏mƒ
GXm-bmepw _p≈n-b≥ hy]m-cn-Ifpw
\nt£-]-Icpw am{X-a√ C¥y≥ Khs◊‚pw
Ct∏m-gsØ kz¿W-ap-t∂-‰-
Øn¬ kº-∂-am-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. dnk¿hv
_mns‚ ssIh-i-ap-ff kz¿W-Øns‚
aqey-Øn¬ 22000 tImSn cq]-bpsS h¿[-
\-bmWv Hcp amk-Øn-\p-f-fn¬ D≠m-b-Xv.
A`y-¥c hn]-Wn-bn¬ kz¿W-hne Cu
amk-Øn¬ am{Xw 20.4 iX-am\w Db¿®
t\Sn-bn-´p≠v. dnk¿hv _mns‚
ssIhiw 557.7 S¨ kz¿W-am-Wp-f-f-Xv.
BtKmf kº-ZvL-S\ {]tXy-In®pw
bqtdm∏pw bp Fkpw ISw sIm≠v
s]mdpXn ap´p-tºmƒ G‰hpw kpc-£n-Xamb
BkvXn-bmbn \nt£-]-I¿ IW-°m-
°p-∂Xv kz¿Whpw sh≈n-bp-am-Wv. 2010-
˛¬ bqtdm-]y≥ sU‰v {]iv\w cq£-am-bt∏mƒ
Cu c≠v BkvXn-I-fnepw
\nt£]w \S-Øn-b-h¿°v {]iv\w aq¿—n-
®-tXmsS anI® dnt´¨ BWv e`n-®-Xv.
Hcp h¿j-°m-esØ G‰hpw anI®
\nt£] BkvXn-Iƒ GsX-∂-Xn¬
B¿°pw X¿°-ap-≠m-hn-√. kz¿Whpw
sh≈nbpw X-s∂.
2010 P\p-hcn H∂n\v sh≈n-bn¬
\nt£-]n® Hcp e£w cq] C∂v 2.25
e£w cq]-bmbn Db¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p.
kz¿W-ØnemWv \nt£-]-sa-n¬ AXv
1.44 e£w cq]bpw ÿnc-\n-t£-]-ambn
_mnemsW-n¬ 1.12 e£w cq]bpw
hf¿∂n-cn-°pw. sh≈n-bnse \nt£]w
hcpw h¿j-ß-fn¬ CØ-c-Øn¬ t\´-ap-
≠m-°-W-sa-∂n-√.
kz¿W-Øn\v ASpØ GXm\pw
h¿j-߃ anI-®-Xm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂ Kmc‚nbmWv
bp Fkv˛-bq-tdm-]y≥ sU‰v Ipg-∏ß-ƒ
\evIp-∂-Xv. [\-Imcy hn]-Wn-bse
kpc-£n-X-fln-√m-bva, Zp¿_-e-amb
tUmf¿, ]e cmPy-ß-fnepw \ne-\nev°p∂
Ipd ]eni \nc-°v, a‰v
anI® \nt£-]m-kvXn-Iƒ e`y-a-√m-ØXv
XpS-ßn-b-h-sb√mw kz¿W-Øn\v A\p-Iqe-amb
A¥-co£w krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-
Wv. kz¿WsØ \mWy-s∏-cp-∏-Øn-s\-Xntc-bp-ff
G‰hpw anI® kpc-£nX Ih-
N-am-bn-´mWv IW-°m-°p-∂-Xv. {]tXy-
In®pw Zo¿L-Im-e-Øn¬. kmº-ØnI
A\n-›n-X-Xz-Øns‚ A¥-co-£-Ønepw
kz¿W-sØ B{i-bn-°p-I-bmWv ]Xn-hv.
CXv hy‡n-Iƒ am{X-a√ cmPy-ßfpw
CXp-X-s∂-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv.
]mcºcyam-bn-Øs∂ C¥y-°m¿
kz¿Ww hmßp-∂-h-cm-Wv. kz¿W-{`aw
C¥y-°m-cpsS c‡-Øn¬ Aenp
tN¿∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. C¥y≥ P\-kw-
Jy-bpsS 50 iX-am-\-tØmfw 25 hb-kn¬
Xmsg-bm-Wv. ASpØ ]Øp h¿jtØbv°v
C¥y-bn¬ Ipd-Xv {]Xnh¿jw
1.5 tImSn hnhmlw \S-°p-sa∂v
IW-°m-°p-∂p. kz¿Ww C¥y≥ hnhml-Øn¬
Hgn®p IqSm≥ hømØ kwK-
Xn-bm-Wv. CXv IW-°n-se-Sp-Øm¬ {]Xnh¿jw
500 S¨ kz¿Ww hnhml kabØv
ssIam‰w ssN-ø-s∏-Sp-sa-∂mWv
thƒUv tKmƒUv Iu¨kn-ens‚ I-
W°pIƒ ]d-bp-∂Xv.
thƒUv tKmƒUv Iu¨kn-ens‚
IW°n¬ Ct∏m-gsØ kz¿W hne D]-
tbm-Kn-®m¬ {]Xn-h¿jw 1.2 e£w tImSn
cq]- kz¿Ww hmßp-hm-\mbn D]-tbm-Kn-
°p-∂p. AXm-bXv Cu ]W-ap-]-tbm-Kn®v
C¥y-bnse G‰hpw henb Iº-\n-bmb
dne-b≥kns‚ ]IpXn Hml-cn-Iƒ
hmßmw ( Ct∏mƒ dne-b≥kns‚
hn]Wn aqeyw 257648 tImSn cq]-bm-Wv).
As√-n¬ Fkv _n sF _mp- (
hn]Wn aqeyw 140589 tImSn cq]) Xs∂
]q¿W-ambpw hmßmw.
kz¿W-ti-J-c-Øn¬ ap∂n¬
\nev°p∂ cmPy߃
cmPyw/ ssIh-i-ap-ff hntZ-i-\mWy
sk≥{S¬ _mv kz¿Ww (S¨) tiJ-c-Øn¬ ]v
1. bp Fkv F 8133.5 74.7%
2. P¿a\n 3401.0 71.7%
3. sF Fw F^v 2814.0 ˛˛
4. C‰en 2451.8 71.4%
5. {^m≥kv 2435.4 66.1%
6. ssN\ 1054.1 1.6%
7. kzn‰vk¿e≠v 1040.1 17.6%
8. djy 830.5 7.8%
9. P∏m≥ 765.2 3.3%
10. s\X¿e≥Uvkv 612.5 59.4%
11. C¥y 557.7 8.7%
12. bqtdm]y≥
tI{µ_mv 502.1 31.3%
13. Xmbvhm≥ 423.6 5.0%
14. t]m¿´p-K¬ 382.5 84.8%
15. sh\n-tkze 365.8 64.8%
16. kuZn Atd_y 322.9 3.3%
17. bp sI 310.3 16.5%
18. se_-\≥ 286.8 29.6%
19. kvs]bn≥ 281.6 40.7%
20. Hmkv{Snb 280.0 55.4%
temIØv D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ kz¿W-
Øn¬ 50 iX-am\w B`-c-W-߃°p-th-
≠n-bm-Wv. \nt£-]-Øn-\mbn 40 iXamhpw
hymh-km-bn-Im-h-iy-Øn-\mbn
]Øp iX-am\w kz¿Ww D]-tbm-Kn-°p-
∂p-sh-∂mWv thƒUv tKmƒUv Iu¨knens‚
IW-°p-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
hy‡n-Iƒ am{X-a√ cmPy-ßfpw
kz¿Ww hmßn-°q-´p-∂p-≠v. temIsØßpw
G‰hpw Unam-≠p-ff
BkvXnbpw kz¿Ww Xs∂. kz¿W-ti-
J-c-Øn¬ C¥y k¿°m-cns‚ ÿm\w
temIØv ]Xn-s\m-∂m-a-Xm-Wv. C¥y- Khs◊‚ns‚
ssIh-i-ap-ff kz¿Ww 557.7
SÆm-Wv. hntZ-i-\m-Wy-ti-J-c-Øns‚ 8.7
iX-am-\-amWv kz¿WtiJcw. 2009- \hw-
_-dn¬ C¥y sF Fw F^v hn‰ 200
S¨ kz¿Ww C¥y 670 tImSn tUmfdn\v
hmßn-bn-cp-∂p.
temIØv G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ kz¿Wti-Jcw
ssIh-i-ap-f-fXv Duln-°p-∂-Xpt]mse
Xs∂ bp Fkn-\m-Wv. cmPy-
Øns‚ hntZ-i-\m-Wy-ti-J-c-Øns‚ 74.7
iX-am-\-amWv bp Fkns‚ kz¿W-ti-Jcw.
bp Fkns‚ ssIh-i-ap-f-fXv 8133.5
S¨ BWv. c≠mw ÿm\-Øp-ff P¿a-
\n-bpsS ssIhiw 3401 SÆp-≠v.
C-¥y-bnse kzImcy kz¿W D]-
t`mKw Hmtcm h¿jhpw h¿[n®p hcn-Ibm-Wv.
1990-˛se DZm-c-h-XvI-c-W-Øn-\ptijw
kz¿W-Øns‚ D]-tbmKw KWyambn
Db¿∂p. 1987-˛¬ kz¿W D]-tbmKw
400 SÆm-bn-cp-∂Xv 2007-˛¬ 800 SÆmbn
Db¿∂p. 2010-˛¬ C¥y°m¿ hmßn-bXv
963 SÆm-Wv. 2009 teXn-t\-°mƒ 66 iXam\w
IqSp-X¬. 2011-˛epw temI-Øn¬
G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ kz¿Ww hmßp∂
cmPyw C-¥y-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂mWv IW-°m-
°p-∂-Xv. ASpØ ]Øp h¿j-Øn-\Iw
{]Xn-h¿jw 1200 S¨ kz¿Ww hnev°msa-∂mWv
C¥y≥ kz¿W hyh-km-b-ta-
Je IW-°m-°p-∂-Xv.
c≠m-bncw h¿j-ambn G‰hpw IqSp-
X¬ kz¿Ww hmßp-∂Xv C¥y-°m-cm-Wt{X.
tdma≥ km{am-Py-Øns‚ Hcp XI¿®bpsS
ImcWw C¥y-bpsS kz¿Ww hmßem-W-t{X.
C¥y≥ apf-In\v ]I-c-ambn
kz¿W-amWv C¥y tdmam-°m-cn¬ \n∂v
hmßn-bn-cp-∂-Xv. C¥y-bpsS kz¿W {`aw
Ct∏mgpw XpS-cp-I-bm-Wv.
C¥y-bnse kzImcy kz¿W-ti-Jcw
25000-˛30000 SÆn\v CS-bn¬ hcp-sa-∂mWv
IW-°m-°p-∂-Xv. G‰hpw kº-∂-cmb bp
Fkns‚ tiJ-c-Øns‚ (14000 S¨)
Cc´n. temI P\-kw-Jy-bpsS 20 iX-am-
\-tØm-fp-amWv C¥y≥ P\-kw-Jy.
BtKmf kz¿W-ti-J-c-Øns‚ 20 iX-am-
\-Øn-e-[nIw C¥y-bpsS ssIh-i-Øn-em-
Wv.
C-¥ybnse G‰hpw ]mh-s∏-´-h-cpsS
ssIh-i-ap-f-fXv 200 S¨ kz¿W-am-Wv.
Ct∏m-gsØ hnebv°v GXm≠v 45000
tImSn cq]- hcpw. Xmgv∂ hcp-am-\-°mcpsS
ssIhiw 400 StÆmfw kz¿W-aps≠-∂mWv
IW-°m-°p-∂-Xv.
Hcp {Kq∏v F∂ \ne-bn¬ C∂v
temI-Øn¬ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ kz¿Ww
hmßp∂Xv C¥y-bnse kv{XoI-fm-Wv.
C¥y≥ kv{XoI-fpsS ssIhiw 18000 S¨
kz¿W-ap-s≠-∂mWv thƒUv tKmƒUv
Iu¨kn-ens‚ IW-°v.
C¥y-bpsS Nph-Sp-]n-Sn®v ssN\
kzImcykz¿W-ti-Jcw h¿[n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-
\p-ff {ia-Øn-em-Wv. ssN\okv kºm-Zy-
Øns‚ \s√mcp ]v kz¿W-Øn-tebv°v
Xncn-®p-hn-Sp∂ hn[-Øn¬ kz¿W \bw
DZm-c-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. kz¿Ww G‰-hp-safp∏w
Imjv Bbn am‰p-hm\pw kuI-cysam-cp-°n-bn-´p-≠v.
SEPTEMBER 2011

3
bpFkv td‰nwKv
Ipd-®-t∏mƒ
2011 HmKÃv A©v.
kmº-ØnI i‡n-sb∂ Al-m-c-
Øn\v ASn-tb‰ Znh-kw.
BtKmf td‰nwKv GP≥kn-bmb
km‰m≥Um¿Uv B≥Uv ]ph¿ bp
Fkns‚ s{IUn‰n td‰owKv {Sn∏nƒ F
F∂v tKmƒU≥ td‰nw-Kn¬\n∂v Hcp
t]mbn‚v Ipd® Znh-kw.
{Sn∏nƒ F Ivf∫n¬\n∂v bp
Fkns\ Xev°m-e-tØbv°v ]Sn-bn-d-
°nb Znhkw. 1941-˛-¬ BZy-ambn bp
Fkn\v Fev B≥Uv ]nbpsS {Sn∏nƒ
F td‰nwKv e`n-®Xn\p-tijw CXm-ZyambmWv
2011-˛¬ BWv Hcp t]mbn‚v
Ipdbp∂-Xv.
bp Fkv tIm¨{Kkpw sk\‰pw ISsa-Sp∏v
]cn[n 14.3 e£w tImSn tUmfdmbn
Db¿Øp∂-Xn\p A\p-aXn \evIn
Znh-k-߃ Ign-bp-∂-Xn\p apºmWv Fkv
B≥Uv ]n td‰nwKv Ipd-®-sX∂-XmWv ck-
I-c-amb kwK-Xn.
Xocp-am-\-Øn¬ BtKmf [\-Im-cykw-hn-[m-\w
H∂p \Spßn.
temI-saßpw Hmlcn hn]-Wn-Iƒ
CSn-p.
F∂m¬ tUmf¿ Imcy-amb
XmgmsX ]nSn®p\n∂Xv Bizkw
]I¿∂p.
td‰nwKv Ipd-bv°-en\v t\Xr-Xzw
\evInb tZh≥ i¿abv°p t\sc temI-
Øns‚ F√m `mK-ß-fn¬\n∂pw i‡-
amb hna¿i-\-ß-fmWv Db¿∂-Xv.
F∂m¬ Nne tImWp-I-fn¬\n∂v A`n-\-
µ-\-ßfpw FØn. AXv bp Fkns‚
i{Xp cmPy-ß-fn¬\n-∂-√, kz¥w cmPy-
Øp\n∂p Xs∂-bm-Wv. bp Fkns‚ ehen-√mØ
ISw hmß-en\v sImSpØ
tjm°v {So‰vsa‚m-bmWv Ah¿ AXns\
ImWp-∂-Xv.
hf-sc-b-[nIw ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Iƒ°pti-j-amWv
Fkv B≥Uv ]n Cu Xocp-
Consulting Editor
Dr. P.K. Abraham
Editor
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tcmathew@gmail.com
Managing Editor
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jayeshhin@yahoo.co.in
Media Consultancy
Current Business Inc.
am-\-sa-Sp-ØsX∂v tZh≥ i¿a ]n∂oSv
ao‰v Z {]kn¬ hy‡-am-°n-bn-cp-∂p.
(GXm-bmepw tZh≥ i¿abv°v ASpØ
amkw ÿm\w \jvS-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv)
bp Fkv ISw a[y-Im-e-Øn¬
Ipd-bv°p-∂-Xn\pw ÿnc-X-bm¿Pn-°p-∂n-
Xn\pw bp Fkv tIm¨{Kkpw `c-W-
Iq-Shpw Xmb-dm-°n-bn-´p-ff ]≤Xn
e£yw t\Sp-hm≥ ]cym-]vXa-s√∂
hne-bn-cp-Ø-en-emWv Ã≥Um¿Uv
B≥Uv ]ph¿ A-ta-cn-°-bpsS {Sn∏nƒ
F td‰nwKv Hcp t]mbn‚v XmgvØn-b-Xv.
Npcp°n ]d-m¬ bp Fkv t\cn-
Sp∂ [\-Im-cy-˛-km-º-ØnI sh√p-hn-fn-
Iƒ t\cn-Sp-hm≥ Ct∏m-gsØ \b-\n¿am-
X-°ƒ°pw cmjv{Sob ÿm]-\-߃°pw
km[n-°p-I-bn-s√∂ hne-bn-cp-Ø-emWv
td‰nwKv Ipd-®-Xn-tebv°v \oßn-bXv. bp
Fkv tIm¨{Kkpw `c-W-Iq-Shpw kΩ-
Xn-®-X-\p-k-cn®pff Ipdhv ASpØ
c≠p h¿j-Øn-\p-f-fn¬
kvs]≥UnwKn¬ hcp-Øn-∂n-s√-n¬
U_nƒ F bntebv°v td‰nwKv Ipd-bv°pth≠n
hcp-sa∂pw Fkv B≥Uv ]n
ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evInbn´p-≠v.
AXm-bXv bp Fkn-s\-°p-dn-®p-ff
Fkv B≥Uv ]nbpsS ImgvN-∏mSv s\K-
‰o-hm-sW∂pw ASpØ 12-˛24 amk-Øn-
\p-f-fn¬ Hcn-°¬IqSn td‰nwKv Ipd-t®-
°p-sa∂ kqN-\-bmWv CXn-ep-f-f-Xv. bp
Fkns‚ [\-IΩnbpw IShpw
Db¿Øp∂ {]iv\-߃ ]cn-l-cn-°p-∂-
Xn¬ cmjv{Sobw Hcp XS-k-am-I-cp-sX∂v
Fkv B≥Uv ]n ]d-bp-∂p.
td‰nwKv Ipd-bv°p-hm≥ Fkv
B≥Uv ]n \S-Ønb hne-bn-cp-ج
sX‰m-sW∂pw CXv B GP≥kn-bpsS
hvizmky-Xsb Xs∂ _m[n-°p-sa∂v bp
Fkv Kh-s◊‚v i‡-ambn Xncn-®-Sn-®p.
GP≥kn-bpsS hnizm-ky-X-tbbpw
\n£v]-£-tXbpw tNmZyw sNbvXpsIm≠v
bp Fkv {Sjdn Un∏m¿´vsa‚v
Ah-cpsS sh_vssk-‰n¬ hni-amb
{]kvXm-h\ \evIn-bn-´p-≠v. sX‰mb
hni-I-e-\-Øns‚ ^e-amWv td‰nwKv Ipdbv°-se∂pw
{]kvXm-h\ ]d-bp-∂p. bp
Fkns‚ [\-IΩn 2 e£w tImSn I≠v
s]cp-∏n-®mWv Fkv B≥Uv ]n hni-Ie\w
\S-Øn-b-sX∂v bp Fkv {Sjdn
]d-p.
Cu sX‰v ]n∂oSv Fkv B≥Uv
]n AwKo-I-cn-®p. Fnepw bp Fkns\-°p-dn-®p-ff
hne-bn-cp-Ø-en¬ am‰-ans√∂pw
Ah¿ hy‡-am-°n.
\nt£] CXn-lmkw hmd≥
_ps^bpw Ata-cn-°≥ `c-W-Iq-S-
Øns‚ ]n¥p-Wbvs°-Øn. bp
Fkns‚ td‰nwKv Ipd-®Xv bp‡n°v
\nc-°p-∂-X-s√∂pw Iz{Un-∏nƒ F Ds≠-
n¬ AXp \evIp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p th≠sX-∂p-amWv
_ps^ ]d--Xv.
_ps^bv°v bp Fkv {Sjdn t_m≠n¬
4000 tImSn tUmf-dns‚ \nt£-]-ap-≠v.
IqSmsX Fkv B≥Uv ]nbpsS FXn-cmfn-bmb
aqUo-kn¬ Hmlcn ]m-fn-Ø-hpap-≠v.
td‰nwKv F¥mWv
G‰hpw kpc-£n-X-Xz-ap-ff
\nt£]w F∂ XmWv {Sn∏nƒ F td‰nwKv
\nt£-]-I\v \evIp∂ ktµ-iw. AXmbXv
Cu td‰nwKv Dff BkvXn-bn¬ \nt£-
]n-®m¬ AXp Xncn®p In´m-Xn-cn-°p-hm-
\p-ff km[yX Xosc-bn√ As√-n¬
]qPy-amWv F∂m-Wv. U_nƒ F ]vfvkv
AXn\v sXm´p Xmsg \nev°p∂p.
CXnepw Unt^mƒ´n-\p-ff km[yX Xosc-
°p-d-hm-Wv.
bp Fkv Kh-s◊‚ns‚ h¿j-ßfm-bp-ff
sNe-hm-°¬ t\Sp∂ hcp-am-\-
tØ-°mƒ IpSp-X-em-Wv. 2011-˛¬ bp Fkv
Kh-s◊‚ns‚ hcp-am\w 2.17 e£w tImSn
tUfdpw sNehv 3.82 e£w tImSn
tUmfdp-am-Ip-sa-∂mWv {]Xo-£n-°p-∂-Xv.
AXm-bXv Kh-s◊‚ns‚ hcp-am-\hpw
sNehpw XΩn¬ 1.65 e£w tImSntUmfdns‚
hyXym-kw. Cu hyXymksØ
[\-I-Ωn-sb∂p hnfn-°p-∂p. CXv
\nI-Øp-hm-\mbn [\-Imcy D]-I-c-W-߃
\evIn IS-sa-Sp-°p-∂p. ]t£ AXn\v
]eni \evI-Ww.
SEPTEMBER 2011

4
Cu [\-Imcy D]-I-cWw temI-
Øns‚ hnhn[ `mK-ß-fn¬\n-∂p-ff
\nt£-]-I¿ hmßp∂p. CXn¬ temI-
Ønse F√m cmPy-ßfpw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p.
CØ-c-Øn¬ [\-IΩn \nI-Øp-hm-
\mbn bp Fkv Kh-s◊‚v [\-Imcy D]-
I-c-W-߃ hnev°p-∂p. CXv Ct∏mƒ
h¿j-߃sIm≠v h¿[n®v 14.3 e£w
tImSn tUmf-dmbn Db¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p.
td‰nwKv Xmgv∂m¬
CØcw D]-I-c-W-ß-fn-ep-ff h≥
\nt£-]-I-cn¬ s]≥j≥ ^≠p-Ifpw
ayqNz¬ ^≠p-Ifpw a‰pw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p-≠v.
Ch¿°v G‰hpw kpc-£n-X-amb D]-I-c-
W-ß-fn¬ am{Xta \nt£]w \S-Øp-hm≥
A\p-hm-Z-ap-f-fp. AXn-\m¬ Ah¿
Ãm≥Um¿Uv B≥Uv ]ph¿ XpS-ßnb
GP≥kn-I-fpsS td‰nw-Kn-s\-bmWv B{ibn-°p-∂-Xv.
aqUo-kv, ^n®v XpS-ßn-b-hbmWv
temI-Ønse a‰p {]apJ td‰nwKv
GP≥kn-Iƒ.
td‰nwKv Xmgp-tºmƒ B D]-I-cWw
hn‰p-I-f-bp-hm≥ s]≥j≥ ^≠p-Ifpw
a‰pw \n¿_-‘n-X-cm-Ip-∂p. bp Fkns‚
Imcy-Øn¬ c≠p GP≥kn-I-fpsS
td‰nwKv {Sn∏nƒ F Bbn XpS-cp-I-bm-Wv.
AXm-bXv henb hnev]-\-sbm∂pw
tUmf¿ D]-I-c-W-Øn-ep-≠m-Ip-hm≥ CSbn-√.
F∂m¬ Cu c≠v td‰nwKv
GP≥kn-Iƒ IqSn td‰nwKv Ipd-®m¬ h≥
hnev]\bp≠m-Ip-sa-∂-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√.
a‰v c≠v GP≥kn-Iƒ IqSn td‰nwKv
XmgvØp-Ibpw tUmf¿ D]-I-c-W-ß-fn¬
hnev]-\-bp-≠m-hp-Ibpw sNbvXm¬
F¥mWv kw`-hn-°p-I. henb Zpc-¥-ambn-cn°pw
BtKmf [\-Imcy kwhn-[m-\-
Øn-ep-≠m-hp-I. \nt£-]-I¿ bp Fkv
Kh-◊‚ns‚ [\-Imcy D]-I-c-W-߃
hnev°p-hm≥ Bcw-`n-®m¬ AXns‚
aqeyw CSnp XpS-ßpw. CXv hmßp-∂h-cpsS
dnt´¨ Db-cpw. CXv ]en-i-\n-c°v
Db¿Øpw.
\ap°v DZm-l-cWw ]cn-tim-[n-°mw.
100 cq]bv°v bp Fkv D]-I-cWw hmßnsb∂v
Icp-XpI. CXn\v A©p iX-am\w
]eni hcvjw tXmdpw e`n-°pw. Imemh[n
]q¿Øn-bm-Ip-tºmƒ D]-I-cWw aS-
°n-s°m-SpØv 100 cq] XncnsI hmßp-
Ibpw sNømw.
F∂m¬ bp Fkv D]-I-c-W-Øn¬
hnev]\ h∂p-sh∂v Icp-Xp-I. 100 cq]-
bpsS D]-IWw 80 cq]bv°v hn‰p-sh∂v
Icp-Xp-I. hmßp-∂-bm-fn\v 80 cq] apS-
°n¬ h¿jw-tXmdpw 5 iX-am\w ]eni
SEPTEMBER 2011
e`n-°pw. AXm-bXv bo¬Uv sa®-s∏-´p.
CXnse dnkIv Cu t_m≠v hnev°ptºmƒ
80 cq] In´msX hcm-sa-∂-Xm-Wv.
c≠m-aXv hmßnb Bƒ AXp hnev°p-
∂-Xn\p ]Icw aNyq-cn‰n Imem-h[n hsc
kq£n®p hbv°p-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂p.
Imem-h[n ]q¿Øn-bm-Ip-tºmƒ
Abmƒ°v apS-°nb 80 cq]bv°p ]Icw
100 cq] e`n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
CXns‚ {]Xym-Lm-X-sa-s¥∂p
t\m°mw.
bp Fkv D]-I-c-W-ß-fpsS hne Ipdbp-Ibpw
dnt´¨ \nc°v h¿[n-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p. bo¬Uv h¿[n-°p-∂-tXmsS B
\ne-bn-tebv°v ]eni \nc°v Db-cp-∂p.
AXm-bXv bp Fkv ho≠pw 5 iX-am-\-
Øn\v tUmf¿ D]-I-cWw Cjyp
sNbvXm¬ hmßm≥ Bfp-≠m-hn-√.
ImcWw Ipd XpIbv° hn]-Wnbn¬\n∂v
D]I-cWw e`n-°pw. AXn-
\m¬ \ne-hn-ep-ff bo¬Un-t\-°mƒ IqSp-
X¬ ]en-i-\n-c°v hmKvZm\w bp Fkv
\n¿_-‘n-X-am-°p-∂p.
CXv kº-ZvL-S-\-bn¬ ]eni
\nc°v h¿[n-∏n-°p∂p.
G‰hpw kpc-£n-X-Xz-sa∂ \nebn¬
Kh-s◊‚ns‚ ]eni\nc-°mWv
_©v am¿°mbn amdp-I. CtXmsS hmbv]-
Iƒ°v ]eni IqSp-∂p. hmbv]-sb-Sp-°p-
∂-h¿ IqSp-X¬ ]eni \evtI≠n hcpw.
AtXmsS {]Xn-am-k-KUp sNehv h¿[n-
°p-Ibpw a‰v sNe-hp-Iƒ°p XpI Ipdbp-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p. CtXmsS kº-ZvL-
S\bnse hf¿® Ipd-bp-hm≥ XpS-ßp-∂p.
bp Fknse kmº-ØnI amµyw
temIsØ H´msI _m[n-°p-∂p. ImcWw
temI-Ønse G‰hpw henb kmº-ØnI
i‡n-sb∂ \ne-bn¬ F√m cmPy-ß-fn-
¬\n∂p Chn-tSbv°p Cd-°p-a-Xn-bp-≠v.
ssN\-bpsS Ib-‰p-aXn B{i-bn®p
\nev°p-∂-Xp-Xs∂ bp Fkns\ B{ibn-®m-Wv.
bp Fkv amµyw ssN\bv°v
Btem-Nn-°p-hm≥ t]mepw km[n-°p-Ibn-√.
B\p-]m-Xn-I-ambn temI-Ønse a‰v
F√m cmPy-߃°pw bp Fkv amµy-
Øns‚ ^ew A\p-`-hn-t°≠n hcpw.
Aev]w Acn-i-tØm-sS-bm-sW-nepw
ssN\ bp Fkns\ D]-tZ-in-°p-∂Xv
hcp-am-\-Øn-\-\p-k-cn®v sNehv sNbvXp
{Sn∏nƒ F cmPy-߃
HmKÃv A©n\v bp Fkns‚ {Sn∏nƒ F td‰nwKv temI-Ønse G‰hpw
henb s{IUn‰v td‰nwKv GP≥kn-bmb Ãm≥Um¿Uv B≥Uv ]ph¿ Hc t]mbn‚v
Ipd-®-tXmsS Cu Ivf∫nse AwK-ß-fpsS FÆw 17 Bbn Ipd-n-cn-°p-I-bm-
Wv. bp Fkv td‰owKv U_nƒ F ]vfvk BWv. temI-Øse G‰hpw henb
kº-ZvL-S-\-bmb bp Fkns‚ 2010-˛se PnUn ]n 14.7 e£w tImSn tUmf-dm-
Wv.
temI-Ønse Ccp-∂q-dn-e-[nIw cmPy-߃ Df-f-Xn¬ 16 FÆ-Øn\p am{XamWv
Ãm≥Um¿Uv B≥Uv ]ph¿, aUokv F∂n-h-bpsS {Sn∏nƒ F td‰nwKv
Df-f-Xv.
td‰nw-Kns‚ KpW-an-Xm-Wv. Hcp cmPyw as‰mcp cPy-Øns‚ t_m≠v hmßptºmƒ
F{X am{Xw dnt´¨ In´p-∂p-sh∂v am-{X-a√ dnt´¨ In´ptam C√tbm
F∂-Xp IqSn-bm-Wv. Db¿∂ dnt´-¨ am{X-a√ Kmc‚oUv dnt´Wn\p-ff km[y-XbmWv
{Sn∏nƒ F \evIp-∂-Xv. {Sn∏nƒ Fbp-ff cmPy-ß-fpsS t_m≠p-Iƒ°v
hmß-ep-Im¿ IqSp-X-embn D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. AtX-t]mse Ah¿°v Ipd \nc-
°n¬ hmbv] e`n-°p-Ibpw In´p-hm\pw klm-bn-°p-∂p.
C¥y-bpsS td‰nwKv {Sn∏nƒ _n s\K-‰ohv BWv. AXm-bXv cmPy-Øn\v
Ah-cpsS [\-Imcy _m[y-X-Iƒ \nd-th-‰p-∂-Xn-\p-ff Ign-hp-s≠∂v A¿Yw.
cmPyw
1. Hmkvt{S-enb
2. Im\U
3. sU≥am¿°v
4. ^n≥e≥Uv
6. ^m≥kv
6. P¿a\n
7. sFkn¬ Hm^v am≥
8. ewIvkw-_¿Kv
9. JØ¿
11. s\X¿e≥Uvkv
12. \yqkn-em≥Uv
13. t\m¿th
14. knwK-∏q¿
15. kzoU≥
16. kzn‰vk¿e≥Uv
17 bpssW-‰Uv InwKvUw
ioen-°p-hm\mWv. AXn-\-∏pdw tUmf¿
hnev°p-hm-s\m∂pw ssN\ Xbm-dm-hn-√.
Fkv B≥Uv ]nbpsS td‰nwKv Ipdbv°¬
h∂-bp-S-t\-bm-bn-cp∂p ssN\-
bpsS {]Xn-I-c-Ww.
tUmf-dns‚ AkvX-a-b-Øn\p
XpS°w
\o≠ Fgp-]Xp h¿jw {S∏nƒ F
td‰nw-Kn¬ XpS¿∂ bp Fknt‚bpw
tUmf-dn-t‚bpw AkvX-a-\-Øn\v XpS°w
Ipdn-°p-sa∂v Nne-sc-nepw Icp-Xp-∂p-
≠m-Ipw. F∂m¬ kao-]-Im-e-sØm∂pw
AXn\p km[y-X-bn-s√-∂mWv BtKmf
kº-ZvL-S-\-bnse A¥-co£w \evIp∂
kqN-\.
hkvXp-Xbpw AXm-Wv.
BtKmf Id≥kn dnk¿hns‚ 60.7
iX-am-\-tØmfw bp Fkv tUmf-dn-em-Wv.
bqtdm-bn¬ CXv 26.6 iX-am-\hpw. bp
Fkns‚ td‰nwKv IqSn-bmepw Ipd-
mepw tUmf-dn\v ]pdØv as‰mcp
Id≥kn-sb-°p-dn®v Btem-Nn-°p-hm≥
Ct∏mƒ temI-Øn\v km[n-°p-I-bn-√.
ASpØ ImeØv tUmf-dn\v ]I-c-ambn
Hcp Id≥kn FØm\pff km[yX hnZqc-Øn-emWv
ssN\ apX¬ {_n´≥ hsc-bp-ff
\nt£-]-I¿ h¿j-ß-fmbn Ipd \nc-
°n¬ bp Fkn≥ hmbv] \evIn hcp∂p.
Ct∏m-gsØ Cu kwhn-[m-\-Øn-tebv°v
Hcp cmPy-Øn\pw IS∂p hcp-hm≥ km[n-
°p-I-bn-s√∂v Imen-t^m¿Wnb tI{µ-am-
°n-bp-ff ]kn-^nIv C≥sh-Ãvsa‚ns‚
No^v FIvkn-Iyq-´ohv Hm^o-k¿ saml-
ΩZv F¬ Fdn-b≥ ]d-bp-∂p.
]Øp h¿j {Sjdn bo¬Uv 2.80
iX-am-\-am-Wn-t∏mƒ. Ãm≥Um¿Uv
B≥Uv ]ph¿ F¥p ]d-mepw tUmfdn-t\-°mƒ
dnkvIv Ipd Id≥kn
temIØv Cs√-∂mWv hntZ-i-\mWy amt\-
P¿am-cpsS hne-bn-cp-ج.
tUmf-dns‚ Akv-X-a-b-sØ-°p-dn®v
Zo¿L-\m-fp-I-fmbn Bfp-Iƒ kwkm-cn®p
XpS-ßn-bn-´p-≠v. CXns‚ aqeyw Xo¿®bmbpw
Ipd-n-´p-≠v. bp Fkv tUmf¿
kqNnI 2002-˛se 120 t]mbn‚n¬\n∂v
Ct∏mƒ 70-˛75 t]mbn‚n-em-Wv. ]Øp
h¿j-°m-eØv GXm≠v 40 iX-am-\-
tØmfw CSn-hmWv D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
Fkv B≥Uv ]nbpsS td‰nwKv
Xmgvج am\-kn-I-ambpw Ncn-{X-]-cambpw
Hcp tjm°v F∂-Xn-\-∏p-dtØbv°v
bp Fkns‚ kmº-ØnI I∏mkn-‰nsb
Hcp Xc-Ønepw _m[n-®n-´n-√.
U_nƒ F ]vfkv td‰nw-Knepw bp Fkn\v
AXns‚ _m[y-X-Iƒ \nd-th-‰p-hm-\p-ff
Icp-Øp-s≠-∂-XmWv hkvXp-X. ]Øp
h¿jw {Sjdn bo¬Uv 2.34 iX-am-\-ØnemWv
Ct∏mƒ.CXp sXfn-bn-°p-∂Xv
\nt£-]-I¿°v Ct∏mgpw bp Fkn¬
hnizm-k-ap-s≠-∂m-Wv. Ct∏m-gsØ
td‰nwKv XmgvN aqew bp Fkv [\-Imcy
D]-I-c-W-ß-fpsS bo¬Un¬ 0.7 iX-am\w
h¿[-\-bp-≠m-Im-sa∂pw CXp aqew
s]mXp-I-S-sa-Sp-∏n¬ 100 tImSn tUmf-dns‚
A[nI _m[yXbp≠m-tb-°m-sa∂pw bp
Fkv skIyq-cn‰n C≥U-kv{Sokv {Kq∏mb
kn^va A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.
td‰nwKv Ipd-®n´pw tUmf-dn¬ Imcyamb
XmgvNbp≠m-bn-s√∂p IqSn Hm¿°-
Ww. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ bp Fkv {Sjdn
sa®-s∏-Sp-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. AXm-bXv
ISw Xncn-®-Shv hogvN `ojWn
t\cn-Sp∂ cmPy-߃
temI-Ønse ]e cmPy-ßfpw BtKmf hn]-Wn-I-fn¬ FSp-Øn-´p-ff hmbv]
Xncn-®-S-bv°p-hm≥ _p≤n-ap-´p-I-bm-Wv. bqtdm-∏n-ep-ff ]e cmPy-ßfpw Cu ISs°-Wn-bn¬\n∂v
c£-s∏-Sp-hm≥ kmº-ØnI ]mt°-Pp-Iƒ°mbn s\t´m-´-tam-
Sp-I-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ Iptdsi Iptd-si-bp-ff ]mt°-Pp-Iƒ ^ew ImWp-∂n-√.
Ccp-]-Øn-sbm∂v cmPy-߃ temI _mn¬\n∂pw cmPym¥c \mWy-\n-
[n-bn¬\n∂pw a‰pw FSp-Øn-´p-ff hmbv]-Iƒ Xncn-®-S-bv°p-∂-Xn¬ hogvN hcp-
Øm-\p-ff km[yX Gsd-bm-Wv.
1. {Kokv
2. sh\n-tkze
3. t]m¿´p-K¬
4 Ab¿e≠v
5. A¿P‚o\
6. Dss{I≥
7. se_-\≥
8. hnb‰v\mw
9. kvs]bn≥
10. s{Imtbjy
11. lwK-dn
12. sdmam-\nb
13. _ƒtK-dnb
14. enXzm-\nb
15. C‰en
16. S¿°n
17. s_¬Pnbw
18. Ikm-°n-ÿm≥
19. C{k-tb¬
20 t]mf≠v
21-. djy
Ct∏mgpw temI-Ønse G‰hpw enIznUv
Bb Id≥kn hn]Wn tUmf-dn-t‚-XmsW∂v
temIw Icp-Xp-∂p. Fkv B≥Uv
]nbpsS ho£-W-߃°v temIw ]p√p
hnebmWv Iev]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂¿∞w.
]Øp h¿jw Hcp Ime-b-f-hmbn
FSp-Øm¬ GsXmcp hn]-Wn-bn-tebpw
t]mse C\n Xncn®p hc-hn\v ka-b-ambn
F∂p Icp-Xp-∂-Xn¬ sX‰n-√. Ib-dnbm¬
Cdßpw, Cd-ßn-bm¬ Ibdpw F∂
sNm√v tUmf-dn\pw _m[-I-am-sW-n¬
C\n tUmf-dns‚ apt∂-‰-Øn\v temIw
km£n-bm-Ip-hm≥ t]mIp-I-bm-Wv. Fkv
B≥Uv ]nbpsS tjm°v {So‰vsa‚v bp
Fkv Kuc-h-ambn FSp-Øm¬.
tUmf-dn\v ]Icw temI-Ønse
GsXmcp Id≥knbpw FSpØp h®p
t\m°q. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v ssN\okv
bphm≥ h®p t\m°mw, Ah¿ {ZpX-K-Xnbn¬
Hcp Id≥kn hn]Wn hnI-kn-∏ns®∂pw
Icp-Xp-I. bp Fkns‚ hnizmkyX
ssN\okv k¿°m-cn\v Dt≠m
ssN\okv Kh-s◊‚v sX‰mb coXn-bn¬
{]h¿Øn-°p-I-bn-s√∂v Dd-∏pt≠m
C√.
Npcp-°-Øn¬ tUmf-dn\v ]I-c-ambn
tUmf¿ am{X-ta-bp-f-fp. Npcp-°-Øn¬
BtKmf kº-ZvL-S-\-bpsS s\Spw-Xq-
Wmbn bp Fkv C\nbpw B ÿm\Øv
D≠m-Ipw. temI-Ønse G‰hpw anI®
P\m-[n-]Xy cmPy-sa∂ \ne-bn¬
GsXmcp {]Xn-k-‘n-tbbpw t\cn-Sp-hm≥
bp Fkn\v Ign-bp-sa∂v Dd-∏m-Wv.
2008-˛se BtKmf kmº-ØnI
{]Xn-k-‘n-bn¬ bp Fkv tUmf¿
kqNnI 70 t]mbn‚n-tebv°v Xmgv∂p-sh-
nepw 2009-˛¬ 90 t]mbn‚n-\-Sp-tØbv°v
Xncn-s®-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. CØ-c-Øn¬
XmgvNbpw Db¿®-bp-ambn bp Fkv
tUmf¿ C\nbpw apt∂m´p t]mIpw.
bp Fkns‚ Ncn{Xw ]cn-tim-[n-
®m¬ Ah-cpsS kph¿W-Im-e-L´w 1950-
˛60 Ime-L-´-am-Wv. 1950 Ifn¬ BtKmf
Pn Un ]nbpsS 35 iX-am\w bp Fknt‚-Xm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-n¬
1960 Ifn¬ apX¬
bp Fkn Pn Un ]nbpsS BtKmf
hnlnXw Ipdp hcn-I-bm-Wv. Ct∏m-g-
Xv Ct∏m-gXv 23 iX-am-\-Ø\v sXm´p
apI-fn-em-Wv. bp Fkns‚ XmgvN hfsc
hy‡-am-sW-nepw AXv hfsc ]Xp-s°-

5
bm-Wv. ASpØ AºtXm Adp-]tXm h¿jw-sImt≠ AXv km[y-am-Ip-I-bp-ffp.
F∂m¬ bp Fkns‚ Xncn-®p-h-cp-hm-\p-ff Ignhv Btcbpw Aº-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-
Wv. AXn-\m¬ Cu \q‰m-≠nepw bp Fkns‚ i‡n XpS-cp-sa∂v Dd-∏m-Wv.
C¥y-bpsS ISw
C¥y≥ Kh-s◊‚v _P-‰n¬ [\-IΩn e£yw \n¿t±-in-°p-sa-∂-√msX
hmbv]bv°p ]cn[n hbv°m-dn-√. \S-∏p-h¿jw (2011-˛12-˛¬ ) 4.6 iX-am\w [\-I-Ωnbm-Wv
e£y-an-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXm-bXv Kh-s◊‚n\v \S-∏p-h¿jw e`n-°p∂ hcp-am-
\-tØ-°mƒ 4.6 iX-am\w IqSp-X¬ sNe-h-gn-°mw. AX-\mbn IS-sa-Sp-°mw. F∂m-
Wv.
\S∏p h¿jw 10.5 e£w tImSn cq] hcp-am-\hpw 12.57 e£w tImSn cq] sNehp-amWv
IW-°m-°p-∂-Xv. AXm-bXv 2.07 tImSn cq]-bpsS Ipdhv hcp-am-\-Øn-ep-≠v.
AXm-bXv Cu XpI Kh-s◊‚v IS-sa-Sp-°-Ww.
Ct∏mƒ C¥y≥ Pn Un ]n 90 e£w tImSn cq]-bm-Wv. C¥y-bpsS ISw 46
e£w tImSn cq]-bpw. ISw Pn Un ]nbpsS 66.2 iX-am-\-tØm-f-am-Ipw. AXm-bXv
cmPyw hm¿jnI hcp-am-\-Øns‚ \men-c´n IS-ambn hmßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. CØ-c-Øn¬
hcp-am-\-tØ-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ sNehv hcp-∂Xns\-Øp-S¿∂v Hmtcm h¿jhpw ISw
h¿[n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw. CXv Ah-km\w Ipg-∏-Øn¬ sIm≠p-t]mbn cmPysØ NmSn-
°pw. C¥y-bpsS IS-Øn¬ \s√mcp ]pw cq]-bn-em-Wv. AXm-bXv C-¥y-°mcn¬\n∂pw
IS-sa-Sp-Øn-´p-f-f-Xm-Wv. AXm-bXv cmPym¥c sU‰v hn]-Wn-bnse A\n-
›n-XXzw C¥ysb Imcy-ambn _m[n-°pI-bn-√. s]mXp-ta-Je _mp-I-fmWv Khs◊‚ns‚
IS-Øn¬ \s√mcp ]v ssIhiw h®n-´p-f-f-Xv.
C-¥y-bpsS s]mXp-°Sw 2007-˛se 75.8 iX-am-\-Øn¬\n∂v ( sU‰v ˛ Pn Un ]n
tdtjym) 2011-˛¬ 66.2 iX-am-\-ambn Xmgv∂n-´p-≠v. CXv Gjy≥taJ-e-bnse G‰hpw
Db¿∂-Xm-Wv. A`y-¥c ISw 2009-˛10-˛¬ 3357772 e£w tImSn cq]bpw hntZ-i-ISw
1332195 e£w tImSn cq]-bp-amWv
{][m-\-ambn kwKXn {]Xn-Zn-\-®-e-hp-Iƒ \S-Øn-s°m-≠p-t]m-Ip-hm≥ ISw
In´msX hcp∂ Ah-ÿ-sbm∂v Btem-Nn®p t\m°p-I. Fß-s\-bmWv ISw Xncn-
®-S-bv°p-hm≥ km[n-°p-I.
Npcp-°-Øn¬ Hcp hmbv] AS-bv°p-hm-\mbn as‰mcp hmbv] hmßm-Xn-cn-°p-Isb∂
ASn-ÿm\ [\-Im-cy-am-t\-Pvsa‚v XXzw ]men-°p-hm≥ {ian-°p-I. temIsØ
an° cmPy-ßfpw Cu XXzw Ah-K-Wn-°p-Ibpw {]iv\-Øn-tebv°v \oßp-I-bp-am-Wv.
C∂v bp Fkv BsW-n¬, C¥ybv°v Cu ÿnXn-bn-se-Øp-hm≥ A[nI Imew
th≠. bp Fkn\v ISw hmßm≥ km[n-°pw. C¥ybv°v AXp t]mepw ]‰mØ
ÿnXn hcpw. 1989-˛se t]mse.
sU‰v koenwKv F¥v
ASpØ ImeØv sU‰v koenwKv (I-S-sa-S∏v ]cn-[n) Cu hm°n-√msX BtKmf
Zn\-]{Xß-fpsS H∂mw t]Pv A®-Sn-°m-dn-√. A{X-bv°mWv Cu hm°n-s\-°p-dn®v
Fgp-Xp-∂Xpw N¿® sNøvs∏-Sp-∂-Xpw. F¥mWv CXn-\¿∞w F∂p t\m°mw.
efn-X-ambn ]d-m¬ Hcp Kh-s◊‚n\v AXns‚ {]Xn-Zn\ Imcy-ß-fpsS \S-
Øn-∏n-\mbn FSp-°m-hp∂ amIvknaw XpI-bm-Wn-Xv. bp Fkns‚ Ct∏m-gsØ ISsa-Sp∏v
]cn[n 14.294 e£w tImSn tUmf-dm-Wv. AXm-bXv bp Fkv Kh-s◊‚n\v bp
Fkv P\-{]-Xn-\n[n k`-bpsS A\p-aXn IqSmsX IS-sa-Sp-°m-hp∂ ]c-am-h[n XpI
CXm-Wv.
F¥mWv CXns‚ {]k-‡n.
bp Fkns‚ ssIhiw Imcy-߃ \S-Øn-s°m-≠p-t]m-Ip-hm-\p-ff ]W-an-√.
Cu ka-bØv sImSp-t°≠ IS-a-S-°m\pw Imin-√. ISw AS-bv°vW-sa-M-A-In¬
IS-sa-Sp-°-Ww. ]t£ A\p-h-Zn-®n-´p-ff ]c-am-h[n XpI IS-sa-SpØp Ign-n-cn-
°p-∂p.
C\nbpsaSp-Øm¬ ISw h¿[n-°pw. IS-sa-Sp-Øn-s√-n¬ FSpØ ISw Xcn-®-Sbv°p-hm≥
Ign-bmsX hpcpw. AXv \mW-t°-Sp-≠m-°p∂ kwK-Xn-bm-sW∂v ]d-tb-
≠-Xn-√-t√m. am{X-hp-a-√, kaq-l-Ønse hnebpw t]mIpw.
At∏mƒ hgn-sbm-t∂-bp-ff XevImew IS-sa-Sp-°p-hm-\p-ff ]cn[n Iq´p-I.
]n∂oSv ISw Ipd®p sIm≠p hcn-I. AXmWv Ct∏mƒ Ata-cn° sNøp-∂-Xv.
F¥p-sIm-≠m-Wv CXp kw`-hn-°p-∂-Xv.
DØcw hfsc e`n-Xw.
hcp-am-\-tØ-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ sNe-h-gn-°-cp-Xv.
F∂m¬ bp Fkv kº-ZvL-S-\-bpsS hf¿®-bv°-th≠n IqSp-X¬ IS-sa-Sp-°p-
Ibpw IqSpX¬ sNe-h-gn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-sb∂ \b-amWv bp Fkv {]kn-U‚pam¿
sNbvXp t]mcp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ IS-sa-Sp-°-enepw sNe-h-gn-°-en\pw B\p-]m-Xn-
I-ambn hcp-am\w Db-cp-∂n√!
CXn\v hgn-sb-¥m-Wp-f-f-Xv.
sNe-hm-°¬ Ipd-bv°p-I. AXp-hgn hcp-am-\hpw sNehpw XΩn-ep-ff A¥cw
Ipd-®p-sIm-≠p-h-cn-I.. Kh-s◊‚n\v ISw hmtß≠ Bh-iy-an-√mØ Ah-ÿ-bntebv°v
F-Øp-I. CXmWv Ct∏mƒ bp Fkn¬ \n¿t±-in-®n-´p-f-f-Xv.
Ata-cn-°-bpsS
DS-a-ÿ¿
km[m-cW KXn-bn¬ DØcsaØpI ssN\-sb-∂m-bn-cn-°pw.
F∂m¬ Ata-cn-°-°m¿ Xs∂-bmWv AXns‚ DS-a-ÿ¿. bp Fkns‚
IS-Øn¬ \s√mcp ]pw Ata-cn-°≥ P\-X-bpsS ssIh-i-am-sW-∂-
XmWv hkvXp-X. Ata-cn-°bpsS 14.3 e£w tImSn IS-Øn¬ sNdnsbmcp
iX-am\w am{Xta hntZi cmPy-ß-fpsS ssIh-i-ap-f-fp. GXm≠v
4.5 e£w tImSn tUmf¿. F∂m¬ bp Fkv Ata-cn-°-°m¿°v \evIm-
\p-ff Xp 9.8 e£w tImSn tUmf¿ hcpw.
P∏m\v IS-Øns‚ 6 iX-am\w \evIm-\p-f-f-t∏mƒ ssN\ \evIn-bn-´p-ffv
bp Fkv IS-Øns‚ 10.6 iX-am-\-am-Wv. tkmjy¬ skIyq-cn‰n {SÃn\v
\evIm-\p-f-eXv samØw IS-Øns‚ 19 iX-am-\m-Wv. ]Øp iX-am-\-
Øn\p apI-fnte ssN\bv°p \evIm-\p-f-fp-sh-nepw AXv henb Xeth-Z-\-bmbn
amdp-I-bm-sW-∂mWv hne-bn-cp-ج. 2011 G{]n¬ hsc C¥yb°p
bp Fkv \evIp-hm-\p-ff XpI 4200 tImSn tUmf-dm-Wv.
cmPy-w
XpI
tlmtmw-Kv-˛ 12190
Ico-_n-b≥ _mnw-K sk‚¿ 14830
Xmbvhm≥ 15340
{_ko¬ 21140
FÆ-°-b-‰p-aXn cmPy-߃ 22980
ayqNz¬ ^≠p-Iƒ 30050
s^U-d¬ dn´-b¿sa‚v ^≠v 32090
aWn am¿°‰v ayqNz¬ ^≠v 33770
{_n´≥ 34650
kzImcy s]\vj≥ ^≠v 50470
{]mtZ-inI k¿°m-cp-Iƒ 50610
P∏m≥ 91240
bp Fkv lukvtlmƒUv 95940
ssN\ 116000
bp Fkv {Sjdn 163000
tkmjy¬ skIyq-cn‰n {SÃv 267000
(*tImSn tUmf-dn¬)
Ata-cn-°-bpsS {]iv\w:
IShpw cmjv{Sobhpw
HmKÃv c≠n\v bp Fkv
tIm¨{Kkpw sk\‰pw IS-sa-Sp∏v ]cn[n
14.3 e£w tImSn tUmf-dmbn Db¿Øp∂-
Xn\p A\p-aXn \evIn. bp Fkns‚
sU‰v {]iv\-Øn\v XmevIm-c-enI ]cn-lmc-am-bn.
Cu Xocp-am\w bp Fkns\ ISw
Xncn-®-S-bv°p-∂-Xn¬ hogvN hcp-Øp-∂-
Xns‚ h°n¬\n∂v c£n-®p. CXn\p ]Ic-ambn
ASpØ ]Øp h¿jw-sIm≠v 2.4
e£w tImSn tUmf-dns‚ sNe-hp-Iƒ
sh´n-°p-d-bv°-Ww. \nIpXn h¿[-\hpw
]mSn-√. CXv d-∏-_vfn-°≥am-cpsS hnP-amb-am-bmWv
ImWp-∂-Xv.
Ign G{]n-en¬ {]k-Un‚v
_dmIv H_ma 4 e£w tImSn tUmfdns‚
sNehv ASpØ 12 h¿j-°m-eØv
sh´n-°p-d-bv°p-∂-Xn-\p-ff Hcp \n¿t±iw
apt∂m´p h®n-cp-∂-XmWv. aq∂p tUmf¿
sNe-hn¬ Ipd-bv°-tºmƒ 1 tUmf¿
\nIpXn h¿[\ hcp-Øp-I-sb-∂-Xm-bncp∂p
\n¿t±-iw. kmaqly kpc£m ]≤-
Xn-Iƒ sh´n-°p-d-bv°p-∂-Xn-t\mSv H_mabv°v
Xmev]-cy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.
dn∏-_vfn-°≥-˛-sU-tam-{Im-‰nIv Imcmd-\p-k-cn®v
sNehv sh´n-°p-d-bv°p-hm-\pff
\o°w kº-ZvL-S-\-bn¬ DSt\ Imcyamb
C^IvSv D≠m-°p-I-bn-s√-∂mWv hnebn-cp-Øp-∂-Xv.
ImcWw ASpØ HIvtSm-
_-dn¬ Bcw-`n-°p∂ ]pXnb kmº-
ØnI h¿j-Øn¬ kvs]≥Unw-Kn¬ 2100
tImSn tUmf-dns‚ Ipdth D≠m-Ip-∂p-ffp.
XpS¿∂p-ff h¿j-Øn¬r 4100 tImSn
tUmfdpw. IqSp-X¬ sh´n-°p-dhv 2013-˛-\v
ti-jta D≠m-Ip-I-bp-f-fp. 15 e£w tImSn
tUmf¿ hep-∏-ap-ff kº-ZvL-S-\-bn¬
Cu sh´n-°p-dhv Imcy-amb Hcp {]Xym-
Lm-Xm-hp-ap-≠m-°p-I-bn-√.
hcpam\w Db¿Øp-hm≥ _dmIv
H_m-abv°v Hcp Ah-kcw D≠m-Ip-∂p-
≠v. tPm¿Pv _pjns‚ ImeØv \nIp-Xn-
Iƒ sh´n-°p-d-®n-cp-∂p. CXns‚ Imemh[n
2012-˛ Ah-km\w Xocp-I-bm-Wv. CXp
\o´p-∂-Xn-\p-ff dn∏-_vfn-°≥ tIm¨{Kkns‚
\nbasØ hot‰m sNøp-∂Xp
hgn 3.5 e£w tImSn hcp-am\w t\Sphm≥
km[n-°pw. A-Xn-\m¬ 2013-˛-hsc
sNehp sNø¬ sh´n-°p-d-bv°p-hm≥
H_ma Xbm-dm-hp-I-bn-s√-∂mWv Icp-Xp-
∂-Xv. 2012˛se {]kn-U‚v sXc-s-Sp∏v
I≠m-Wn-Xv.
kvs]≥UnwKv Ipd-bv°p-∂Xv
Ct∏mƒ Xs∂ A]-I-S-Øn-emb kº-
ZvL-S-\sb IqS-X¬ {]Xn-k-‘n-bn-tebv°v
FØn-°p-sa∂v C°-tWm-an-Ãp-Iƒap-∂-dnbn∏v
\evIp-∂p.
bp Fkns‚ bYm¿Y {]iv\w
Ãm≥Um¿Uv B≥Uv ]ph¿ td‰nwKv Ipd-
®-X-√. Fkv B≥Uv ]n td‰nwKv Ipd-®-
Xn-eqsS Ct∏mgpw temIsØ G‰hpw
i‡ambXv bp Fkns‚ Id≥kn Xs∂bm-sW∂v
sXfn-bn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ASp-
Ø-Xmbn GXp cm-Py-Øns‚ td‰nwKv
BWv Ipd-bv°p∂-sX∂ Bi--s∏-Sp∂
\nt£-]-I¿ bp Fkv Id≥knsb
Bp ]p¬Ip-I-bm-Wv. AXm-bXv
\nt£-]-I¿ tUmf¿ hmßp-I-bmWv.
IS-߃ Xncn-®-S-bv°p-hm-\p-ff bp
Fkns‚ tijnsb Bcpw tNmZyw sNøp-
∂n-√. AXn¬ B¿°pw kwi-b-hp-an-√.
bp Fkns‚ CXn-ep-ff {]Xn-_-≤X ISsa-Sp∏v
]cn[n h¿[n-∏n-®-Xn-eqsS
ImWn®p \evIp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
bp Fkns‚ {]iv\w kº-ZvL-S-\-
bnse hf¿®m°p-d-hm-Wv. Bh-iy-Øn\v
tPmen e`y-X-bn√ F∂-Xm-Wv. cmPysØ
55 iX-am\w t]¿°p am{Xta apgp kab
tPmen-bp-ffp Ct∏mƒ. GXm≠ 250
e£w Ata-cn-°-°m¿ apgp-k-ab tPmen
B{Kn-ln-°p-∂p-sh-nepw AXp e`n-°p-
∂n-√.
cmPy-Øns‚ kmº-ØnI {]h¿Ø-
\-ß-fpsS 70 iX-am-\hpw I¨kyq-a¿
kvs]≥Unw-Kns\ B{i-bn-®mWv \nev°p-
∂-Xv. Bhiy-Øn\v tPmen-bn-s√-n¬
Fß-s\-bmWv sNe-h-gn-°p-hm≥ hcp-am-
\-ap-≠m-Ip-I. bp Fkns‚ kmº-ØnI
hf¿® {]Xo-£n-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse hf¿®t\-Sp-∂n-√.
2011-˛s‚ BZy-]-Ip-Xn-bn¬ Pn
Un ]n hf¿® 0.8 iX-am-\-am-bnIpd-ncn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
`h\ hneIƒ Db-cp-∂n-√. `h-\-
aqeyw 2008-˛se kmº-Øn-I-°p-g-∏߃°p
apºp-f-f-Xn-t\-°mƒ 12 iX-am\w
Ipdp \nev°p-I-bm-Wn-t∏m-gpw.
kmº-ØnI hf¿®bn¬ ASpØ 20
h¿j-tØbv°v Hcp iX-am\w hoXw
h¿[n-∏n-°p-hm≥ km[n-®m¬ bp Fkns‚
F√m {]iv\hpw Xocp-sa-∂m-WA akm-
Nyp-sk‰vkv C≥Ãn-‰yq´v Hm^v sSIvt\m-f-
Pn-bnse Umc¨ Gkvtam-•p-hns‚ A`n-
{]m-bw. Ct∏m-gsØ hf¿®bmb 2 iXam-\-Øn¬\n∂v
3 iX-am-\-Øn-tebv°v
Db¿Øp-hm≥ km[n-®m¬ Bfp-I-fpsS
icm-icn hcp-am-\hpw \nIpXn hcp-am-
\hpw h¿[n-°p-sa-∂v At±lw ]d-bp-∂p.
Ct∂m-th-‰ohv Bb \b-ßsf bp Fkv
kº-ZvL-S-\-sb hf¿®-bn-tebv°p \bn-
°p-I-bp-f-fp. F∂m¬ kº-Z-L-S-\-bnev
A[nI hf¿® hcp-Øp-I-sb-∂Xv hfcw
_p≤n-ap-t´-dnb kwK-Xn-bm-Wv.
SEPTEMBER 2011

6
bpFkns\ hnb¿∏n®
Pm¿Jfi-p-Im-c≥
sXmÆq-‰n-tbgv h¿j-Øn-\p-f-fn¬
AtW-cn-°bv°v BZy-ambn Cu HmKÃv
A©n\v BtKmf td‰nwKv GP≥kn-bmb
Ãm≥Um¿ B≥Uv ]ph-dns‚ 9 Fkv
SEPTEMBER 2011
B≥Uv ]n {Sn∏nƒ F td‰nwKv \jvS-ambn.
AXn\v Np°m≥ ]nSn-®tXm Pm¿Jfin¬\n-∂p-ff
tZh≥ i¿Ωbpw.
BtKmf [\-Imcy temIØv {Sn∏nƒ F
F∂p ]d-m¬ AXoh kpc-£n-X-Xzsa-∂m-Wv.
bq Fkns‚ Cu A[o-i-Xz-
Øn-\mWv DShp X´n-b-Xv.
bp Fkns‚ h¿[n-®p-h-cp∂ [\-I-
Ωn-bpsS ]›m-Ø-evØn¬ {S∏nƒ F
td‰nwKv \evIp-hm≥ km[n-°p-I-bn-s√∂v
tZh≥ i¿a-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn-ep-ff Fkv
B≥Uv ]n H_m-a-bpsS {Sjdn
Un∏m¿´vsa‚ns\ Adn-bn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
CtXmsS tZh≥ i¿a [\-Imcy temI-
Øns‚ {i≤m-tI-{µ-am-bn. i‡-amb
hna¿i-\-amWv At±-l-Øn\v t\cn-tS≠n
h∂-Xv. kzmKXw sNbvX-h-cpsS FÆw
Ipd-hm-bn-cp-∂p.
1955-˛¬ Pm¿°-≠n¬ P\n® i¿a
[≥_m-Zn-emWv kvIqƒ hnZym-`ymkw \S-
Øn-b-Xv. XpS¿∂v Pmwsj-Uv]q-cnepw
dm©n-bnepw hnZym-`ymkw \S-Øn-tijw
bp Fkn-tebv°v \oßn.
hnkvtIm¨kn≥ k¿h-I-em-im-ebn¬\n∂v
amÿ _ncp-Zhpw 1987-˛¬
Hlntbm bqWn-th-gvkn-‰n-bn¬\n∂v amt\-
Pvsa‚n¬ tUmIvS-td-‰p-sa-Sp-Øp. XpS-°-
Øn¬ am\p-^m-IvN-dnwKv taJ-e-I-fn¬
tPmen sNbvX i¿a 1988-˛¬ BtKmf
amt\-Pvsa‚v I¨kƒ´‚mb _qkv,
Ae≥ B≥Uv lman¬´Wn¬ tN¿∂p.
]Xn-∂mep h¿jw AhnsS tPmen
sNbvX i¿a 2002-˛¬ Fkv B≥Uv
]nbpsS ]nXr-I-º-\n-bmb aIvt{Km ln¬
Iº-\n-bn¬ tN¿∂p.
bp Fkn¬ k_vss{]w Ip-g∏w
s]m´n-∏p-d-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v sXm´p apºv 2007
HmK-Ãn-emWv i¿a Fkv B≥Uv ]nbpsS
{]knU‚mbn Nm¿Pv FSp-Ø-Xv. Fkv
B≥Uv ]nbpsS C¥y≥ k_vkn-Un-bdn-bmb
{Inkn-ens‚ sNb¿am≥ IqSnbmWv
At±-lw. Ign \mep h¿jambn
i¿abv°v ]e {]hiyw bp Fkv
tIm¨-{K-sk-j-W¬ tNmZyw sNø-en\v
hnt[-b-am-tI≠n h∂p. Cu ka-bØv bp
Fkv ]m¿e-sa‚v AwK-ß-fn¬\n∂v i‡-
amb hna¿i-\-amWv i¿abv°v t\cn-tS≠n
h∂-Xv.
[\-Imcy temIw apgp-h-\m-bn-Øs∂
i¿asb hna¿in-°p-tºmgpw i¿abpw
kwLhpw sNbvXXv icn-bm-sW∂ hnebn-cp-ج
bp Fkn¬ ]e-bn-S-Øp-\n∂pw
Db¿∂p hcp-∂p-≠v.
GXm-bmepw i¿a-bpsS ÿm\w sXdn-
°p-hm≥ t]mhp-I-bm-sW-∂mWv G‰-hpsam-Sp-hn¬
]pd-Øp-h--∂n-´p-f-f-Xv. i¿a
cmPn ka¿∏n-®p-sh∂v ^n\m≥jy¬
ssSwkv dnt∏m¿´v sNbvXn-cp-∂p. sk]v‰w-
_¿ 12-˛\v i¿abv°p ]Icw kn‰n
_mns‚ No^v Hm∏-td-‰nwKv Hm^o-k¿
UKvfkv ]ot‰-gvk¨ Nm¿sP-Sp-°p-sa-
∂mWv dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ.
Ãohv tPm_vkv B∏nƒ
Dt]-£n®p
B∏n-fns‚ CXn-lm-k-amb ÿm]-
I≥ Ãohv tPm_vkv Iº-\n-bpsS No^v
FIvkn-Iyq-´ohv ÿm\w cmPn h®p.
Im≥k¿ tcmK-hp-ambn a√n-Sp∂ tPm_vkv
ÿm\w hnSp-I-bm-sW∂v hfsc \mfmbn
tI´n-cp-∂p. ]m≥{In-bm-‰nIv Im≥k¿
tcmKn-bmb tPm_vkv Ign P\p-hcn
17 apX¬ tPmen-bn¬\n∂p hn´p \nev°p-
I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
tPm_vkn\p ]I-c-ambn No^v Hm∏td-‰nwKv
Hm^o-k¿ Snw Ip°v ÿm\w
Gs‰-Sp-°pw.
B∏nƒ kn C H F∂ \ne-bn¬
tPmen sNøp-hm≥ km[n-°mØ Znhkw
hcp-tºmƒ tPmen Dt]-£n-°p-sa∂v Xm≥
t\csØ ]d-n-´p-f-f-Xm-Wv. \n¿`m-Ky-him¬
B Zn\w FØn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv˛
cmPn {]Jym-]n-®p-sIm≠v Ãohv ]d-p.
1955 s^{_p-hcn 24-˛\v Ata-cn-°-bnse
km≥{^m≥kn-kvtIm-bn¬ P\n® Ãohv
tPm_vkv 1972˛¬ sslkvIqƒ hnZym-
`ymkw ]q¿Øn-bm°n t]m¿´-em≥Unse
doUv tImf-Pn¬ tN¿∂p. Fnepw Bdp
amkw ]q¿Øn-bm°pw aptº AhnSw
hn´p. XpS¿∂v hoUntbm sKbnw ta°dmbn
tPmen t\m°n. 1976-˛¬Ãmhv
thmkv\n-Iv, ssaIv am¿°pf F∂n-h-cpambn
tN¿∂v B∏nƒ Iº-\n°v cq]w
\evIn. tPm_vkns‚ Kmtc-Pn-em-bn-cp∂p
XpS-°w. B∏nƒ F∂ t]cn¬ BZysØ
t]gvk-W¬ Iw]yq-´¿]p-d-Øn-d-°n. 1984-
˛¬ B∏nƒ Iw]yq-´-dns‚ Ub-d-IvS¿
t_m¿Up-ambn G‰p-ap´n ]pdØp t]mb
Ãohv s\IvÃv F∂ t]cn¬ Iw]yq-´¿
]vfm‰v t^mw Iº-\n°v cq]w \evIn. 1996-
˛¬ B∏nƒ s\IvÃv hmßn-b-tXmsS Ãohv
ho≠pw B∏n-fn-se-Øn. 1997-˛¬ B∏nfns‚
kn C H Bbn. 2011 hsc Cu
ÿm\Øv XpS¿∂p. sF t]mUv, sF˛t^m¨,
sF ]mUv F∂nh ]pd-Øn-d-
°n-bXv Ãohns‚ t\cn-´p-ff ta¬ t\m´-
Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p.
temd≥kv ]∆¬ BWv `mcy. aq∂p
a°ƒ. doUv t]mƒ, Fdo≥ knb-∂,
Cuhv
Cdms‚ kmº-ØnI ]cnjvIm-c-߃
Cdm-t\bpw Ah-cpsS {]kn-U‚v apl-
ΩZv Al-Ω-ZvPm-Zn-s\-°p-dn®pw hmjnw-KvS-
Wn¬\n∂pw e≠n-\nse lukv Hm^v
tIma¨kn¬\n∂pw \√ hm°p-Iƒ
tIƒ°pI _p≤n-ap-´m-Wv. Ct∏m-gnXm
Cdm-s\-°p-dn®v Ipd-®m-fp-Iƒ \√ hm°p-
Iƒ ]d-bp-∂p. AXpw bp Fkn¬\n-∂v.
sF Fw F^ns‚ G‰-hp-sam-Sp-hn-esØ
dnt∏m¿´n-emWv Cdm≥ kº-ZvL-S-\-bpsS
`mhn-sb-°p-dn®v tim`-\-amb hm°p-Iƒ
]pdØp h∂n-´p-f-f-Xv. Cdm≥ 2010-˛11-˛¬
3.2 iX-am\w hf¿® t\Sp-sa∂pw
XpS¿∂p-ff h¿j-ß-fn¬ kº-Zv
hf¿®bv°v thKw IqSp-sa-∂mWv dnt∏m¿´v
]d-bp-∂-Xv. c≠p h¿jw-sIm≠v \mWys∏-cp∏w
25 iX-am-\-Øn¬\n∂v 12 iXam-\-ambn
Ipd-n-cn-°p-∂p.
s]t{Sm-fnbw DXv]-∂-ß-fpsS hen
h¿[n-∏n-®-Xp-hgn Cdm≥ Hcp h¿jw
A`y-¥-c-h-cp-am-\-Øn¬ 6000 tImSn tUmfdmWv
t\Sn-b-Xv. Cdms‚ Pn Un ]nbpsS
Bdn-sem-t∂mfw hcp-an-Xv.
Cdms‚ hnP-b-Øn-\p-ff ImcWw Nne
kmº-Øn-I-]-cn-jvIm-c-߃ \S-∏n-em-°phm≥
Bcw-`n-®-Xm-Wv. Zi-I-ß-fmbn
kuP\y \nc-°n¬ s]t{Sm-fnbw DXv]-
∂-߃ e`n-°p-∂-Xn¬\n-∂v P\-ßsf
am‰n-sb-Sp-°p-hm≥ Ign-p-sh-∂-Xm-Wv.
DXv]m-Z-\-®-se-hn-t\-°mƒ Xmsg-bmWv
P\-߃ Ch e`n-®n-cp-∂-Xv. Hcp cmPy-
Øn\pw Cu ÿnXn XpS¿∂p t]mIphm≥
km[n-°p-I-bn-s√∂v Cdm\v Adnbm-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-nepw
P\-ßsf `b∂v
k_vknUn Ipd-bv°p-∂-Xn¬\n∂v Khs◊‚v
amdn \nev°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
k_vknUn Ipd-®Xp hgn e`n® 6000
tImSn tUmf-d-C¬ ]IpXn P\-ß-fpsS
_mv A°u-≠p-I-fn-tebv°v \evIn-btXmsS
k_vknUn Ipd-bv°-en-s\-Xn-tcbp-ff
{]Xn-tj[w C√m-Xm-bn. Ct∏mƒ
cmPysØ Ip´n-Ifpw kv{XoIfpw Dƒs∏sS-bp-f-f-h-cpsS
A°u-≠n¬ {]Xn-amkw
40 tUmf¿ e`n-°pw. Cu XpI Db¿∂
hcp-am-\-ap-f-f-h¿°v henb XpI-b-√.
]t£ ]mh-s∏-´-h¿°v CXv henb
KpWw sNbvXp.
2010 Unkw-_¿ hsc k_vkn-UnsIm≠v
he-bp-I-bmWv Cdm≥. hcp-am-
\-Øns‚ \men-sem∂v `£y, C‘-\,
sshZypXn k_vkn-Un-°p-th≠n sNeh-gn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
kmº-ØnI
{]h¿Ø-\-߃ GXm≠v \n›-e-am-bncn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
CtXm-sSm-∏-amWv
BtKmf kmº-ØnI D]-tcm-[-hpw. Cu
ka-b-Øp-ff ]cn-jvImcw Cdm≥ kº-
ZvL-S-\-bn¬ ]pXnb Du¿Pw sIm≠p
h∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. F√m-h¿°pw {]Xnamkw
40 tUmf¿ hoXw sNe-h-gn-°phm≥
e`n-®Xv kº-ZvL-S-\-bv°v Du¿Pw
]I¿∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. hcpw h¿j-ßfn¬
CXn\v IqSp-X¬ thKw ssIh-cp-sa-
∂mWv sF Fw F^ns‚ hne-bn-cp-ج.
CtXmsS Cdms‚ kº-ZvL-S\
Xpd∂p sImSp-°p-hm≥ IcpØp t\Snbn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
{I#qtUm-bn¬ hne
h¿[\ Cdms‚ hntZ-i-\m-Wy-ti-Jcw
h¿[n-∏n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. an® _P-‰n\pw
hgn sXfn-n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Cdms‚
kº-ZvL-S-\-bpsS \nb-{¥Ww s]mXp-ta-
Je ÿm]-\-߃°m-Wv.
tPm¿Pv tkmtdmkv Icn-b¿ Ah-km-
\n-∏n-°p∂p
BtKm-e-X-e-Øn¬ {]i-kvX-\mb
slUvPv ^≠v amt\-Pcpw tImSo-iz-c-\pamb
tPm¿Pv tkmtdm-kv ^≠v amt\-P¿
Icn-b¿ Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-
®p. C\n apX¬ kz¥w IpSw-_-kz-Øp-
°ƒ t\m°n \S-Øp-hm-\mWv Dt±-in-°p-
∂-Xv. AXp Xs∂ 2500 tImSn tUmf-tdmfw
hcpw. tkmtdm-kns‚ ÿm]-\-Øn¬ ]pd-
Øp-\n-∂p-ff \nt£-]-I-cpsS 2550 tImSn
tUmf¿ \nt£-]-ap-≠v. AXp aS°n
\evIn Icn-b¿ Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-hm-\mWv
At±lw Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xv.
ASpØ amkw 81 hbkp XnI-bp∂
tkmtdmkv, tkmtdmkv ^≠v amt\-Pvsa‚v
Iº-\n-bn¬ \nt£]w \S-Ønb F√mh¿°pw
hnS-]-d-p-sIm≠v IsØ-gp-Xn-
°-gn-p. 40 h¿j-ambn Cu ^≠n¬
\nt£]w \SØnb \nt£-]-I-tcmSv
\µnbpw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠mWv IØv
Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-∂Xv.
Dul-°-®-h-S-°m-c≥ F∂ \nebn¬\n∂p
\nt£-]-I≥ F∂ \ne-bn-tebv°p-ff
tkmtdm-kns‚ cq]m¥cw
CtXmsS ]q¿Øn-bm-bn. e≠≥ kvIqƒ
Hm^v C°-tWm-an-Ivkn¬ ]Tn-°p-hm-\mWv
lwtK-dn-b-\mb tkmtdmkv CwKvf-≠n-se-
Øn-b-Xv. c≠mw temI al-bp≤w Ign-bp-S-s\-bmWv
tkmtdmkv e≠-\n-se-Ønb-Xv.
Poh-Im-cpWy {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-emWv
Ct∏mƒ tkmtdm-kn\v Xmev]cyw. hnZym-
`ym-kyw, P\m-[n-]-Xyw, Bhn-jvIm-c-kzm-
X{¥yw XpS-ßn-bh t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-hm-
\pw Zmcn{Zyw C√m-Xm-°p-hm-\p-ambn
tkmtdmkv 800 tImSn tUmfdmWv ap∏Xp
h¿j-°m-ewsIm≠v kw`m-h\ sNbvX-Xv.
tkmtdmkns‚ \nb-{¥-W-Øn-ep-ff
Izm≠w F≥tUm-hvsa‚v ^≠v C¥y-bn¬
100 tImSn tUmf¿ C¥y-bn¬ \nt£-]n-
®n-´p-≠v.

Pqsse \mWy-s∏-cp∏w 9.22 %
7
cmPysØ \mWy-s∏-cp∏w ]Xnsb
Xmgp-I-bm-Wv. Pqsse-bn¬ F´p
amksØ G‰hpw XmgvN-bn¬ FØnbn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
9.22 iX-am-\-amWv
\mWy-s∏-cp-∏w. PqWn-enXv 9.44 iXam-\-am-bn-cp-∂p.
ap≥h¿jw Pqsse-bnenXv
9.98 iX-am-\-am-bn-cp∂p. tabvamk-Ønse
\mWy-s∏-cp∏w 9.56 iX-am-
\-ambn Db¿Øn \n›-bn-®p. 2010 \hw-
_-dnse 8.2 iX-am\w \mWy-s∏-cp-∏-
Øn-\p-tijapff G‰hpw Ipd
\mWy-s∏-cp∏ \nc-°mWv Pqsse-bn-te-
Xv.
Ct∏m-gsØ \mWy-s∏-cp∏w
hfsc Db¿∂ \ne-bn¬X-s∂-bm-Wv.
A©p iX-am-\-Øn\p Np‰-f-hn¬ FØnsb-n¬
am{Xta kpc-£n-X-am-b-\n-e-bn¬
F∂p ]d-bp-hm-\m-Ip-I-bp-f-fp. `£y-hneIƒ
Ct∏mgpw Ipd-bp-hm≥ Iq´m-°msX
\ne-°vIp-I-bm-Wv. am\p-^m-IvN-dnwKv taJe-bnse
hne-°-b‰w Pqsse-bn¬ 7.49 iXam-\-Øn-tebv°v
Db¿∂p. PqWn-enXv 7.43
iX-am-\-am-bn-cp-∂p. \mWy-s∏-cp∏w IW-
°m-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ff DXv]-∂-ß-fpsS ]´n-Ibn¬
am\p-^m-IvN-dnwKv taJ-ebv°v 65 kXam\w
shbn-t‰Pv D≠v.
\mWy-s∏-cp∏w Aa¿® sNøp-hm-
\mbn dnk¿hv _mv Ign 17 amk-
Øn-\n-S-bn¬ 11 XhW \b ]en-i-\n-c-°p-
Iƒ h¿[n-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. C\n sk]v‰w-_¿
16-˛se c≠mw A¿[-Izm¿´¿ kmº-Øn-Imh-tem-I-\-Øn¬
]eni Iq´p-tam-sb∂p
ImØn-cn-°p-I-bmWv F√m-h-cpw. C\nbpw
]eni Iq´n-bm¬ AXv kmºZv LS\
amµy-Øn-tebv°v \oßp-sa∂v C°-tWman-Ãp-Iƒ
ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evIp-∂p. Ct∏mƒ
Xs∂ kº-ZvL-S-\-bnse hf¿®m thKw
Ipd-n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
s]t{Sm-fnbw DXv]-∂-߃, `£y-hkvXp-°ƒ,
`£y-sbÆ F∂n-h-bpsS
cmPym-¥c hne KWy-ambn h¿[n-®n-cn-°p-
I-bm-Wv. C¥y CXp aq∂pw Cd-°p-aXn
sNøp∂ kml-N-cy-amWv \mWy-s∏-cp∏w
IqSp-∂-Xns‚ Imc-W-ß-fn-sem-∂v. C¥ybpsS
Bh-iy-Øns‚ aq°m¬ ]pw
{IqtUm-bnepw Cd-°paXn sNøp-I-bm-Wv.
\S-∏p-h¿j-Øns‚ BZy ]Ip-Xn-bn¬
icm-icn \mWy-s∏-cp∏w 9 iX-am-\-am-bncn-°p-sa∂pw
ASpØ am¿t®msS 6˛7 iXam-\-Øn-tebv°v
\mWy-s∏-cp∏w Xmgp-sa-
∂p-am-Wv dnk¿hv _mv hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂-
Xv.
C¥y≥ Ib-‰p-a-Xn-bn¬ IpXn-
∏v
C¥y≥ Ib-‰p-a-Xn-bn¬ h≥ IpXn-
∏v. bp Fkv, bqtdm∏v taJ-e-I-fnse kmº-
Øn-I-°p-g-∏-߃°n-S-bnepw Pqem-bn¬
Ib-‰p-aXn hcp-am\w 81.8 iX-am\w hf¿®tbmsS
2930 tImSn tUmf-dn-se-Øn. G{]¬
˛ Pqssebn¬ Ib-‰p-aXn hcp-am\w 54 iXam\w
hf¿®-tbmsS 10830 tImSn tUmf-dnse-Øn-b-Xmbn
hmWn-Py-a-{¥m-ebw Adnbn-®p.
PqWn¬ Ib-‰p-aXn hcp-am\w 46.45
iX-am\w hf¿®-tbmsS 2921 tImSn tUmfdmbn-cp-∂p.
s]t{Smfnbw DXv]-∂-߃,
sdUn-sabvUv Km¿sa‚v, F≥Pn-\o-b-sd-Kv,
^m¿a, sP B≥Uv Pz√-dn, Ce-Ivt{Sm-Wn-
Ivkv, seX¿ XpS-ßnb taJ-e-I-fn¬\n-∂pff
Ib-‰p-aXn anI® hf¿® t\Sn-bn´p-≠v.
kuØv B{^n-°, em‰n≥ Ata-cn° XpSßnb
taJ-e-I-fn-tebv°v F≥Pn-\o-b-dnwKv
Ib-‰p-aXn KWy-amb h¿[\ t\Sn-bXv Cu
anI® {]I-S-\-Øn\v Imc-W-am-bn.
2010-˛11-˛¬ Ib-‰p-aXn hcp-am\w
ap≥h¿j-tØ-°mƒ 35 iX-am\w hf¿®tbmsS
24600 tImSn tUmf-dm-bn-cp-∂p.
Pqsse-bnse Cd-°p-aXn 51.5 iXam\w
hf¿®-tbmsS 4040 tImSn tUmfdmbn
G{]n¬˛ Pqsse Ime-b-f-hn¬ Cd-
°p-aXn 40 iX-am\w hf¿®-tbmsS 15100
tImSn tUmf-dnse-Øn. hym]c IΩn 4270
tImSn tUmf-dm-Wv. CXn¬ s]t{Sm-fnbw
Cd-°paXn am{Xw 3050 tImSn tUmf-tdmfw
hcpw.
]pXnb taJ-e-I-fn-tebv°v Ib-‰paXn
h¿[n-®-XmWv Cu {]I-S-\-Øn\v Imc-
Ww. bp Fkv, bqtdm-]y≥ taJ-e-I-fn-tebv°p-ff
Ib-‰p-aXn GXm≠v 35 iX-am-\-
am-Wv. B taJ-e-I-fnse kmº-Ø-I-°pg-∏-Øns‚
]›m-Ø--e-Øn¬ hcpw amkß-fn¬
Ib-‰pXn hf¿® Ipd-bm-\mWv
km[y-X-sb∂v hmWnPy sk{I-´dn Ipff¿
]bp-∂p. Cd-°p-a-Xn-bnse hf¿®-bpsS
apJy ImcWw s]t{Sm-fnbw DXv]-∂-ßfpsS
cmPym¥c-hn-e-bn-ep-ff h¿[-\-bm-
Wv.
hymh-km-bn-tIm-Xv]m-Z\ hf¿®
8.8%
kmº-ØnI hf¿®- kw_-‘n®
Bi--Iƒ°v ASn-ÿm-\-an-s√∂p kqNn-
∏n-®p-sIm≠v PqWn¬ hymh-km-bn-tIm-
Xv]m-Z\w A{]-Xo-£n-X-ambn anI®
hf¿® ImWn-®p. am\p-^m-IvN-dnw-Kv,
sshZypXn F∂o taJ-I-fnse anI®
hf¿®-bpsS ]n¥p-W-bn¬ hymh-km-bntIm-Xv]m-Z\
hf¿® 8.8 iX-am-\-am-bn.
ap≥h¿jw PqWn-enXv 7.4 iX-am-\-am-bncp-∂p.
G{]n¬ apX¬ hf¿® Ipd-bp-Ibm-bn-cp-∂p.
G{]n-ense hf¿® 5.8 iXam-\hpw
tabnse hf¿® 5.9 iX-am-\-hpam-bn-cp-∂p.
G{]n¬˛ Pq¨ Ime-b-f-hnse
hf¿® 6.8 iX-am-\-amW.v ap≥h¿j-antX
Ime-b-f-hn-enXv 12 iX-am-\-am-bn-cp-∂p.
hymh-km-bn-tIm-Xv]m-Z\ kqNn-Ibn¬
75 iX-am-\-tØmfw shbn-t‰Pv Dff
am\p-^m-IvN-dnwKv taJe 10 iX-am\hpw
sshZypXn taJe 7.9 iX-am-\hpw hf¿®
ImWn-®p. F∂m¬ ssa\nwKv taJe
ap≥h¿jsØ 6.9 iX-am-\-Øn¬\n∂v 0.6
iX-am-\-ambn IpØs\ CSn-p.
am\p-^m-IvN-dnw-Knse 22 hyhkmb
{Kq∏p-I-fn¬ 15 FÆhpw t]mko-
‰ohv hf¿® t\Sn. CXn¬ CevIv{Sn-°¬
sajn-\ndn 88.9 iX-am\w hf¿®-bmWv
t\Sn-b-Xv. sXm´p ]n∂n¬ 19.1 iX-am\w
hf¿®-bp-ambn Hm^o-kv, A°u-≠nwKv
B≥Uv Iw]yq-´nwKv sajn-\dn taJe
\ev°p-∂p. {Sm≥kvt]m¿´v FIzn-]vsa‚v
hn`mKw 18.6 iX-am-\hpw hf¿® ImWn-
®p. AtX kabw saUn-°¬ {]nknj≥,
hm®v, Ivtfm°vtaJ-e-bn¬ hf¿®
103 iX-am\w Ipd-p.
Pn Un ]n hf¿®
8.2 % BIpw
\S-∏p-h¿jw Pn Un ]n hf¿® 8.2
iX-am-\-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v {][m-\-a-{¥nbpsS
kmº-ØnI D]-tZiI
Iu¨kn¬ IW-°m-°p-∂p. Cu h¿jmh-km-\-tØmsS
\mWy-s∏-cp∏w 6.5 iXam-\-Øn-tebv°v
Xmgp-sa∂pw Iu¨kn¬
IW-°m-°p-∂p. Ign h¿jsØ
hf¿®-tb-°mƒ Ipd-hm-Wn-Xv. 2010-˛11-˛¬
8.5 iX-am\w hf¿® cmPyw t\Sn-bn-cp-
∂p. BtKmf kº-ZvL-S-\-bnse Ipg-∏ßfpw
hf¿®-°p-d-hp-amWv C¥y-bnse
hf¿® Ipd-bv°p-hm≥ CS-bm-°p-∂sX∂pw
Iu¨kn¬ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.
dnk¿hv _mns‚ hf¿®m-{]-Xo-£bmb
8 iX-am-\-tØ-°mƒ sa®-s∏´ hnebn-cp-Ø-emWv
Iu¨kn-en-t‚-Xv. HIvtSm-
_¿ hsc \mWy-s∏-cp∏w 9 iX-am-\-
Øn¬ XpS-cp-sa∂pw ]n∂oSv Ipd-bp-sa-
∂p-amWv Iu¨kn-ens‚ A`n-{]m-bw.
C¥y-bpsS [\-IΩn \S-∏p-h¿jw
4.7 iX-am-\-Øn-tebv°v Db¿t∂-°p-sa∂v
Iu¨kn¬ ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evIp-∂p. _P-
‰n¬ e£y-an-´n´p-f-fXv 4.6 iX-am-\-amWv
sNe-hp-Iƒ Ipd-bv°p-Ibpw hcp-am\w
{][m-\-a-¥n-cn-bpsS kmº-ØnI
Iu¨kn¬ {]Xo£
2011-˛12@
Pn Un ]n hf¿®
Im¿jnI hf¿®
8.2
3.0
8.5
6.6
hyh-bmb hf¿® 7.1 7.9
tkh\ taJe 10.0 9.4
\nt£] \nc°v 36.7 36.4
kºm-Zy-\n-c°v 34.0 33.8
Id‚v A°u≠v IΩn2.7 2.6
hym]mc IΩn 7.7 7.6
@ FÃn-ta‰v, * bYm¿∞w
h¿[n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ \S-]-Sn-I-fn¬
Kh-s◊‚v apXn-c-W-sa∂v Iu¨kn¬ ]dbp-∂p
Ḟ∂m¬ kzImcy C°-tWm-an-Ãp-
Iƒ Iu¨kns‚ hne-bn-cp-Ø-en-t\mSv
tbmPn-°p-∂n-√. kmº-ØnI hf¿®
AXn¬ Xmg-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂mWv AhcpsS
A`n-{]m-bw. BtKmf \nt£-]-Iamb
ÿm]-\-ambn tam¿K≥ Ãm≥enbpsS
hne-bn-cp-Ø-en¬ C¥y≥ Pn Un
]n hf¿® \S-∏p-h¿jw 7.2 ik-X-am-\-
Øn-tebv°v Xmgp-sa-∂m-Wv. C¥y≥
hf¿® 7.7 iX-am-\-Øn-tebv°v Xmgp-sa∂v
Ãm≥Um¿Uv Nm¿t´Uv _mv IW-°m-
°p-∂p.
anI® hf¿®-bn-eqsS \oßn-bn-cp∂
Hmt´m, I¨kyq-a¿ Uyqd-_nƒkv F∂o
taJ-e-I-fnse hf¿® KWy-ambn CSn-ncn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
Hmt´m bpsS {]Xn-amk
hf¿® 5 iX-am-\-Øn-tebv°v FØn-bncn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
CXv ImWn-°p-∂Xv C¥y≥
Pn Un ]nbpsS hf¿®bpsS thKw Ipdbp-∂p-sh-∂m-sW∂v
tam¿K≥ Ãm≥en
A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. AtX-t]mse kPoh-amb
kmº-ZvL-S-\-bpsS kqN-\-I-fmb
aq∂p LS-I-ßfpw ˛ \nt£-]w, D]-t`m-
C¥y Id‚v A°u≠v
Kw, Kh-s◊‚v sNe-hm-°¬ ˛ F∂nh
Ipd-bp-I-bm-sW∂pw tam¿K≥ Ãm≥en
dnt∏m¿´v Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p.
Btfm-lcn hcp-am\w Cc-´nbmbn
A©p-h¿jw-sIm≠v C¥y-bpsS
Btfm-lcn hcp-am-\w Cc-´n-bm-bn. 2010-
˛11-˛¬ Btfm-lcn hcp-am\w 54835 cq]-
bm-bn Db¿∂p. 2004-˛05-˛¬ Btfm-lcn
hcp-am\w 24143 cq]-bm-bn-cp-∂p. AXm-bXv
2010-˛11*
120 iX-am\w h¿[-\-bmWv C°m-cy-Ønep-≠m-bn-´p-f-f-Xv.
G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ Btfm-lcn hcpam\w
U¬ln-bn-em-Wv. 135814 cq]. sXm´p
]n∂n¬ NWvUn-KUv BWv. hcp-am\w
128634 cq]. t]m≠n-t®-cn-bnse Btfm-lcn
hcp-am\w 98719 cq]-bm-sW∂v sk≥{S¬
Ãm‰n-Ãn-°¬ Hm¿K-ss\-tk-js‚ ( kn
Fkv H) dnt∏m¿´n¬ ]d-bp-∂p.
hnI-k-\-Øn¬ ap∂n¬ \nev°p∂
lcn-bm-\-bnse Btfm-lcn hcp-am\w
92327 cq]-bm-Wv. kn°nw (81159 cq]), Xangv\mSv
(72993 cq]), DØ¿J≠v (68292 cq]
), ]©m_v (67473 cq]), B{‘ {]tZiv (
60458 cq]) Xp-S-ßn-bh hcp-am-\-Øn¬
apº-¥n-bn-ep-ff kwÿm\-ß-fm-Wv.
hcp-am-\-Øn¬ G‰hpw ]n∂n¬
\ne-°p∂ kwÿm\w _olm-dm-Wv.
_olm-dns‚ Btfm-lcn hcp-am\w 20069
cq]-bm-Wv. DØ¿ {]tZ-in-t‚Xv 26051
cq]bpw aWn-∏q-cn-t‚Xv 29684 cq]bpw
Pm¿°-≠n-t‚Xv 29786 cq]-bp-am-Wv.
Acp-Wm-N¬ {]tZ-iv, tKmh,
]›na _wKmƒ, KpP-dmØv F∂o
kwÿm-\-ß-fpsS IW-°p-Iƒ IqSn
FØm-\p-≠v.
SEPTEMBER 2011

8
Btfm-lcn hcp-am\w 2010-˛11
(cq]-bn¬) 2004˛-05 2010-˛11
C¥y 24143 54835
1. PΩp˛Im-ivao¿
2. lnam-N¬ {]tZiv
21314
32564
33056
58493
3. ]©m_v 33103 67473
4. NWvUn-KUv@
5. DØ¿J≠v
74173
24726
128634
68292
6. lcn-bm\ 37842 92327
7. F≥ kn ‰n U¬ln@
8. cmP-ÿm≥
61560
18565
135814
39967
9. DØ¿{]-tZiv 12950 26051
10. _olm¿
11. kn°nw 26693
7914
81159
20069
12. Acp-Wm-N¬ {]tZiv 25321 ˛˛
13. \mK-em≥Uv
14. aWn-∏q¿
30271
18640
˛˛
29684
15. antkmdw 24662 ˛˛
16. {Xn]pc
17. taLm-eb
24394
24086
38493
48383
18. Bkmw 16782 30413
19. ]›nw _wK
20. Pm¿°≠v
22649
18510
˛˛
29786
21. Hdok 17360 36923
22. OØo-kvKUv
23. a[y-{]-tZiv
18559
15442
44097
˛˛
24. KpP-dmØv 32021 ˛˛
25. alm-cmjv{S
26. B{‘-{]-tZiv
35915
25321
83471
60458
27. I¿WmS-I 26804 59763
28. tKmh
29. tIcfw
76426
31871
˛˛
˛˛
30. Xan-gv\mSv 30062 72993
31. ]pXp-t®cn@ 48302
32.B≥U-am≥˛\nt°m-_m¿@40921
98719
74340
@ tI{µ-`-cW {]tZ-i-߃
kp∫-dm-hp-hn\v c≠p h¿jw IqSn
\mWy-s∏-cp-∏sØ Xf-bv°m-\p-ff dnk¿hv _mns‚ bp≤-Øn\v t\XrXzw
\evIn-t∏m-cp∂ Kh¿W¿ Zphcn kp∫-dm-hp-hn\v c≠p h¿jw IqSn Imem-h[n
\o´n-s°m-Sp-Øp. 2011sk]v‰w-_¿ 5 apX¬ 2013 sk]v‰w-_¿ 4 hsc-bmWv ]pXnb
Imem-h-[n. 2008 sk]v‰w-_¿ \men-\mWm dnk¿hv _mns‚ Ccp--Øn-c-≠m-asØ
Kh¿W-dmbn kp∫-dmhp Nm¿sP-Sp-Ø-Xv. sF F kv Imc\pw [\-Imcy sk{I-´-dnbp-am-bn-cp∂
A∂ At±-l-Øn\v aq∂p h¿j-tØ-bv°mWv \nb-a\w e`n-®-Xv.
2008-˛se BtKmf kmº-Øn-I-°p-g∏ ka-bØv tI{µ _mns\ hnZ-Kv[-ambpw
kpc-£n-X-ambpw \bn® kp∫-dm-hp-hn\v bp Fk˛ bqtdm-]y≥ kmº-Øn-I-°p-g-∏߃°n-S-bn¬
C¥ysb ImØp-c-£n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂ tI{µ-k¿°m-cns‚ Bflhn-izm-k-amWv
Imem-h[n \o´-en¬ {]Xn-^-en-°p-∂-Xv.
\mWy-s∏-cp-∏-Øn-\-Xntc i‡-amb \S-]-Sn-Iƒ ssIs°m≠ At±lw Ign
17 amk-°m-eØv 11 XhW \b-]-en-i-\n-c-°p-Iƒ Db¿Øn-bn-cp-∂p. kmº-ØnI
hf¿®-tb-°mƒ \mWy-s∏-cp-∏sØ Aa¿Øp-∂-Xn-\mWv ap≥Xq-°-sa∂v At±lw
{]Jym-]n-°pI am{X-a√ {]h¿Øn®p ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
1990˛ A∂v [\-Im-cy-a-{¥n-bm-bn-cp∂ tUm a≥tam-l≥knw-Kns‚ IqsS [\-Imcy-a-{¥m-e-b-Øn¬
{]h¿Øn-®p-´p-f-f-bm-fmWv tUm kp∫-dm-hp.
`£y-ti-Jcw 6.127 tImSn S¨
Kh-s◊‚v tKmUu-Wp-I-fnse `£y-ti-Jcw HmKÃv H∂n\v 6.127 tImSn SÆmsW∂v
^pUv tIm¿]-td-j≥ Hm^v C¥ybpsS IW-°p-I-fn¬ ]d-bp-∂p. cmPysØ
`£y-ti-J-cWw, hnX-cWw F∂n-h-bv°mbn Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-ff t\mU¬
GP≥kn-bmWv F^v kn sF. F^v kn sF bpsS ssIhiw 2.527 tImSn S¨
Acnbpw 3.587 tImSn S¨ tKmXºpw ssIh-i-ap-≠v.
Ign c≠p h¿j-ß-fnse anI® DXv]m-Z-\hpw tiJ-c-Whpw aqew `£yti-Jcw
KWy-ambn h¿[n-®n-´p-≠v. km[m-cW HIvtSm-_¿ H∂n\v Acnbpw tKmXºpw
IqSn 2.12 tImSn S¨ tiJcw I≠m¬ aXn-bm-Ipw. CXn\p ]pdta 50 e£w S¨
kv{Sm‰-PnIv dnk¿hpw IqSn-bmWv k¿°m-cns‚ ssIh-i-ap-≠m-Ip-I.
F^v kn sF C°-gn h¿jw 28.14 Zi-e£w tKmXºpw 32.63 e£w
Acnbpw tiJ-cn-®p. ap≥h¿j-anXv 22.5 Zi-e-£w S¨ hoX-am-bn-cp-∂p.
Im¿ hnev]-\-bnse CSnhv XpS-cp∂p
A`y-¥c Im¿ hnev]-\-bnse CSnhv XpS-cp-I-bm-Wv. Hcp h¿j-tØmfw \o≠p-
\n∂ B{]-Xo-£nX _qan-\p-tijw G{]n¬ apX¬ Im¿ hnev]\ Ipdp hcn-Ibm-bn-cp-]p.
Pqsse-bn¬ Im¿ hnev]-\-bn¬ 16 iX-am\w CSn-hp-≠m-b-Xmbn skmssk‰n
Hm^v C¥y≥ Hmt´m-sam-ss_¬ am\p-^m-IvN-d-tdgvkv ( knbmw) dnt∏m¿´n¬ ]d-bp-
∂p. 2008 \hw-_-dn-\p-tijw Hcp amk-Ønse G‰hpw henb CSn-hm-Wn-Xv. A∂v
19.34 iX-am\w CSn-hm-Wv hnev]-\-bn-ep-≠m-b-Xv. Db¿∂ ]eni \nc°pw C‘-\-hne-bnse
h¿[-\-bp-amWv CSn-hn\v Imc-Wm-°n-b-Xv.
cmPysØ kmº-ØnI {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS kPo-h-X-bpsS kqN-\-bmWv Hmt´m
hnev]-\-bnse hf¿®. hcpw amk-ß-fn¬ ]pXnb tamU-ep-Iƒ FØp-∂-tXmsS
hnev]\ h¿[n-°p-sa-∂mWv Im¿ \n¿am-X-°-fpsS hne-bn-cp-ج. Ct∏m-gsØ kml-
N-cy-Øn¬ \S-∏p-h¿jw 10-˛12 iX-am\w hf¿® Im¿ hnev]-\-bn¬ {]Xo-£n-°p-∂p.
t\csØ 16-˛18 iX-am\w hf¿®-bmWv knbmw IW-°m-°n-bn-cp-∂-Xv.
Pqsse-bnse hnev]\ ap≥h¿j-antX Ime-b-f-hnse 158767 bqWn-‰n¬\n∂v
133747 bqWn-‰mbn Ipd-n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. amcpXp, Sm‰ tamt´m-gvkv, lyq≠mbv tamt´mgvkv
F∂m tSm∏n-ep-ff ap∂p Iº-\n-I-fp-tSbpw hnev]\ ap≥h¿jw Pqsse-bn-te-Xn-t-
°mƒ Ipd-p.
SEPTEMBER 2011
amcp-Xn-bpsS hnev]-\-bn¬ 26.2 iX-am\w CSn-hm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. Sm‰ tamt´m-gvkn\v
G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ CSn-hp-≠m-bXv 38.3 iX-am-\w. lyq≠m-øpsS Pqsse hnev]-\-bn¬
11 iX-am\w CS-hm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv.
amcp-Xn-bpsS DXv]m-Z\hpw Pqsse-bn¬ 26 iX-am\w CSnp. Iº-\n-bpsS
Kp¿K-thm¨ ]vfm‚n-ep-≠mb ka-c-ßfpw ]pXnb tamU¬ ]pd-Øn-d-°p-∂-Xn-\mbv
DXv]m-Z\w ]p\¿{I-ao-I-cn-®Xpw CSn-hn\v Imc-W-am-bn. amcp-Xn-˛800, Bƒt´m, hmK-
Wm¿ XpS-ßnb amcp-Xn-bpsS t]m∏p-e¿ Imdp-I-fpsS hnev]-\-bn¬ 15.6 iX-am\w C-
Sn-thmsS 38028 bqWn-‰m-bn. ap≥h¿jw Pqsse-bnse Ch-bpsS hnev]\ 45068 bqWn-
‰m-bn-cp-∂p.
lyq≠mbv tamt´mgvkv Pqsse-bn¬ hn‰Xv 25642 bqWn-‰m-Wv. ap≥h¿jw Pqssebnse
28811 bqWn-‰n-t\-°mƒ 11 iX-am\w Ipd-hv. Ib-‰p-aXn 11.2 iX-am\w h¿[n-®n-
´p-≠v.
t^m¿Uv C¥y-bpsS hnev]\ 14 iX-am\w Ipd-thmsS 7504 bqWn-‰m-Wv. Pqssebn¬
]pXnb ^nbÃv skUm≥ ]pd-Øn-c-ßn-b-tXmsS hnev]\ h¿[n-°p-sa-∂m-Wv
{]Xo-£n-°p-∂-Xv.
Sm‰ tamt´m-gvkns‚ hnev]\ 38.3 iX-am\w CSn-thmsS 27865 bqWn-‰n¬\n∂v
17192 bqWn-‰mbn Xmgv∂p. \mt\m-bpsS hnev] 64 iX-am-\-amWv Ipd--Xv. Pqssebn¬
hn‰Xv 3260 bqWn-‰m-Wv.
F∂m¬ Nne Iº-\n-Iƒ hf¿® sa®-s∏-Sp-Øn. sSmtbm´ In¿tem-kvI¿ tamt´mdns‚
Pqsse-bnse hnev]\ ap≥h¿jsØ 6834 bqWn-‰n¬\n∂v 98.89 iX-am\w
hf¿®-tbmsS 13592 bqWn-‰n-se-Øn. alo-{µ-bpsS hnev]\ 41 iX-am\w h¿[-\-tbmsS
26303 bqWn-‰n¬\n∂v 37323 bqWn-‰n-se-Øn. P\-d¬ tamt´mgvkv 9508 bqWn‰v hn‰p.
hf¿® 34 iX-am-\w.
ASpØ D’-h-ko-k-WmWv Im¿ \n¿am-Xm-°ƒ°v {]Xo£ \evIp-∂-Xv.- an-
I® a¨kq¨ e`n-®Xv {Kmao-W-ta-J-e-bnse hcp-am\w h¿[n-∏n-°p-Ibpw hml-\-
ß-fpsS Unam≠v h¿[n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-sa∂v Ah¿ {]Xo£n-°p-∂p.
samØw hml\ DXv]m-Z\w G{]n¬˛ Pqsse Ime-b-f-hn¬ 16.78 iX-am\w
hf¿® t\Sn-b-Xmbn knbmw dnt∏m¿´v ]d-bp-∂p. AtX kabw hnev]\ Cu Imeb-f-hn¬
13.55 iX-am\w hf¿® t\Sn-bn-´p-≠v. G{]n¬˛ Pqsse Ime-b-f-hn¬ ]mk-
©¿ Im¿ hn`mKw 1.12 iX-am-\hpw bq´n-en‰n hml-\-߃ 7.48 iX-am-\hpw hf¿®
t\Sn. Pqsse-bn¬ Im¿ hnev]\ 16 iX-am\w CSn-hmWv ImWn-®-Xv.
hmWnPy hml-\-ß-fpsS hnev]\ BZy-\mep amk-°m-eØv 16.56 iX-am\w
hf¿® ImWn-®p. slhn hml-\-ß-fpsS hnev]-\-bn¬ 6.4 iX-am\w hf¿®bp≠m-bt∏mƒ
F¬ kn hn hnev]\ 25.64 iX-am\w h¿[n-®p.
Sq hoe¿ Iº-\n-I-fmWv Hmt´m hnev]\ hf¿®sb ]nSn®p \n¿Øp-∂-Xv. Sn hn
Fkv tamt´m¿ F√m hn`m-K-ß-fn-ep-ambn Pqsse-bn¬ 189962 bqWn‰v hn‰p. ap≥h¿jantX
Ime-b-f-hn-te-Xn-t\-°mƒ 14 iX-am\w IqSp-X-em-Wn-Xv. bal tamt´m-dns‚
hnev]\ 28.5 iX-am\w hf¿®-tbmsS 38197 bqWn-‰n-se-Øn. alo{µ B≥Uv alo{µ
13012 bqWn‰v hn‰p. ap≥h¿j-tØ-°mƒ F´p iX-am\w IqSp-X¬. Sqho-e¿ hnev]\
G{]n¬-˛-Pqsse Ime-b-f-hn¬ 15.79 iX-am\w hf¿® t\Sn. tamt´m¿ ssk°n-fns‚
hnev]-\-bnse hf¿® 15.64 iX-am-\-am-Wv.
]n F^v ^≠v amt\Pv sNøm≥ \mev Iº-\n-Iƒ
Fw]vtfmbn s{]mhn-U‚v ^≠v Hm¿K-ss\-tk-js‚ ( C ]n F^v H) aq∂c
e£w tImSn cq]-tbmfw hcp∂ ^≠v amt\Pv sNøp-∂-Xn\v \mev Ak‰v amt\-
Pvsa‚v Iº-\n-Isf sXc-s-Sp-Øp. Fkv _n sF bv°p ]pdta sF kn sF kn
sF skIyq-cn-‰o-kv, dne-b≥kv Im∏n-‰¬, F®v Fkv _n kn Ak‰v amt\-Pvsa‚v
Iº-\n, sF kn sF k sF {]qU≥jy¬ Ak‰v amt\-Pvsa‚v Iº\n F∂n-h-sbbmWv
C ]n F^v H ^n\m≥jy¬ AssUz-kdn IΩn‰n sXc-s-Sp-Ø-Xv. C\n
sk≥{S¬ t_m¿Uv Hm^v {SÃn-bpsS A\p-aXn IqSp aXn.
^≠v amt\Pv sNøp-∂-Xn-\mbn ]Øp Iº-\n-Iƒ sS≥U¿ ka¿∏n-®n-cp-∂p.
AXn¬\n-∂m-Wv \mse-Æ-Øns\ sXc-s-Sp-Ø-Xv. ]Xn-\m-bncw cq] amt\Pv sNøm≥
sF kn sF kn sF skIyq-cn-‰okv aq∂p ss]k tIzm´v sNbvX-t∏mƒ dne-b≥kv
Im∏n-‰¬ 4 ss]kbpw F®v Fkv _n kn F Fw kn 36 ss]kbpw sF kn sF
kn {]qU≥jy¬ 96 ss]kbpw Fkv _n sF Hcp cq]-bp-amWv tIzm´v sNbvXn-´p-f-f-
Xv.
2008 Pqsse-bn-emW BZy-ambn ^≠v amt\PnwKn\v H∂n-e-[nIw Iº-\n-Isf
C ]n F^v H \ntbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. 1952 apX¬ CXp-hsc Fkv _n sF Bbn-cp∂p
GI ^≠v amt\-P¿. C ]n F^v Hbn¬ 4.72 tImSn hcn-°m-cp-≠v. Chcv°v sa®s∏´
dnt´¨ e`y-am-°p-I-sb∂ e£y-tØm-S-bmWv H∂n¬ IqSp-X¬ I-º-\n-Isf
^≠v amt\-PnwKn\v \ntbm-Kn-®-Xv.
\nt£-]-I¿°v C\n Hm¨sse\neqsS ]cn-lmcw
t]mtÃm-^okv tkhnw-Kvkv, \mjW¬ k¿´n-^n-°-‰v, ]_vfnI s{]mhn-U≥Uv
^≠v, ko\n-b¿ kn‰n-k¨kv tkhnwKvkv kvIow, F∂n-h-bn¬ \nt£]w \S-Øp-
∂-h¿°p-ff ]cm-Xn-Iƒ ]cn-l-cn-°p-hm≥ Hm¨sse≥ kwhn-[m\w \S-∏n-em-bn.
CØcw \nt£-]-߃s°√mw Hcn-S-Øp-Xs∂ ]cmXn cPn-ÿ sNbvXm¬ aXn.
\mj-W¬ tkhnwKvkv C≥Ãn-‰yq-´ns‚ ssk‰n¬ Ibdn ]cmXn cPn-ÿ sNømw.
Un∏m¿´vsa‚v Hm^v C°-tWm-anIv A^-tbgvkv BWv Cu ssk‰v ÿm]n-®n-´p-f-f-Xv.
Hcn-°¬ ]cmXn cPn-ÿ sNbvXm¬ , s]s´-∂p-ff ]cn-lm-c-Øn-\mbn CXv doPn-b-
W¬ Hm^o-kn-tebv°v ssIam-dp∂p ]cmXn \evIp-tºmƒ ]cm-Xn-°m-cs‚ kwÿm-
\w, Pn√ XpS-ßn-bh \evI-Ww. ]q¿W-hn-em-khpw \evI-Ww. ]cmXn cPn-ÿ
sNøp-tºmƒ Hcp ]cmXn tImUpw e`n-°pw. Cu tImUv D]-tbm-Kn®v ]cm-Xn-bn¬
FSp-Øn-cn-°p∂ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ FhnsS hsc-bmbn F∂-dn-bm\pw km[n-°pw.
sh_vssk‰v hnemkw: http://www.nsiindia.gov.in/insert_complaint.asp
F¬ sF kn 2 e£w tImSn \nt£-]n°pw
cmPysØ G‰hpw hebn C≥jp-d≥kv Iº-\n-bmb F¬ sF knbpsS Hmlcn
hn]-Wn-bnse \nt£]w 2012-˛¬ 2 e£w tImSn cq]-bpsS apI-fn-se-Øpw. F¬
sF kn Ign h¿jw 40000 tImSn cq]-bmWv Hmlcn hn]-Wn-bn¬ \nt£-]n-®-Xv.
C≥jp-d≥kv \nb-a-a-\p-k-cn®v 50 iX-am\w Kh-s◊‚v skIyq-cn-‰n-I-fn¬ thWw.
]Xn-\©p iX-am\w ASn-ÿm-\-ku-Icy taJ-e-I-f-ep-ambn _‘-s∏´ taJeIfn¬
\nt£]w \S-Ø-Ww. tijn® 35 iX-am-\-am-WA Hml-cn-I-fnepw Un_-©-dp-I-fnepw
a‰pw \nt£-]n-°p-∂-Xv.
Kh-s◊‚ns‚ 40000 tImSn cq]-bpS Hmlcn hnev]-\-bn¬ F¬ sF kn kPo-hambn
]s-Sp-°p-sa∂v sNb¿am≥ tXmakv amXyp Adn-bn-®p. \S-∏p-h¿j-Øn¬ hnhn[
s]mXp-ta-Je ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS Hmlcn hn‰v 40000 tImSn kzcq-]n-°p-hm-\mWv Khs◊‚v
e£y-an-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

9
kºØv krjvSn°v
c≠v Nph-Sp-Iƒ
s]cn-kvtIm∏v
temIw ]e hn[-amWv. hfsc
sshhn-[y-am¿∂ Bfp-I-sf-s°m≠v
\nd--Xm-Wv. ]W°mcpw ]mh-s∏-´hcpw
]W-°m-cmbn P\n®v ]mh-s∏-´h-cmbn
Xo¿∂-hcpw ]mh-s∏-´-h-cmbn
P\n®v ]W-°m-cmbn Xo¿∂p-h-cp-sams°-bmbn
sshhn-[yam¿∂ P\-ß-sfs°m≠v
\nd--XmWv temIw.
\s√mcp ]n-t‚bpw A{Klw ]W-
°m-cm-I-W-sa-∂m-Wv. As√-n¬ A√en-√msX
Pohn®p t]mI-W-sa-∂-Xm-Wv.
F∂m¬ \s√mcp ]n\pw AXp
km[n-°p-∂n-√. ITn-\-ambn ]cn{iaw
\S-Øp-sa-nepw Cu B{K-l-ß-fn¬
FØ-s∏-SmsX t]mhp-I-bm-Wv. kmº-
ØnI kzmX-{¥yw t\Sp-hm-\p-ff Icp-
Øp-s≠n ¬ t]mepw.
]t£ CXv t\Sm-\m-hØ hn[w
In´m-°-\n-sbm-∂p-a-√. Aev]w Bkq-
{X-Whpw AXp \S-∏n-em-°p-hm-\p-ff
C—m-i-‡nbpw aXn-bm-Ipw. hnim-eambn
]d-m¬ c≠v Imcy-߃ Dd-
∏n-®m¬ kmº-ØnI kzmX-{¥y-Øn¬
FØmw.
1. {Ia-ambn \nt£]w \S-ØpI
ZocvL-Im-e-Øn¬ anI® dnt´¨
{]Xo-£n-°p-∂-h¿°v Ign 20
h¿j-Øn¬ hn]-Wn-bn¬ D≠m-bn-´p-fe
Imcy-߃ A\p-`h ]mT-am-bn-cn-°pw.
1990-˛¬ td©v _u≠mbn \oßn-bncp∂
C¥y≥ hn]Wn \nt£-]-I-cpsS
{i≤m tI{µ-am-bXv 1991-˛¬ C¥y
kmº-ØnI DZm-c-h-Xv°-c-W-߃
Bcw-`n-®-tXm-sS-bm-Wv. XpS¿∂v hntZi-\n-t£-]-I-tcbpw
hn]-Wn-bn¬
\nt£-]-Øn\v A\p-h-Zn-®tXmsS
C¥y≥ hn]Wn BtKmf {i≤- ]nSn®p
]‰p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
1992-˛¬ l¿j-ZvtaØ {]iv\hpw
1999-˛¬ tIX≥ ]coJ Ipw`-tIm-Whpw
C¥y≥ hn]-Wnsb ]nSn-®p-e-®t∏mƒ
2000-˛01˛¬ BtKm-f-X-e-Øn¬
tUm´tImw Iº-\n-Iƒ s]m´n-Ø-
I¿∂p. 2003- apX¬ Xncn-®p-h∂
hn]Wn 2008-˛¬ BtKmf kmº-
ØnI°pg-∏sØ XpS¿∂v XI¿∂-Sn-
p. 2009-˛¬ i‡-amb apt∂‰w \S-
Øp-Ibpw 2010-˛¬ henb Ib-‰n-d-°ßƒ
C√msX \oßp-Ibpw sNbvX
hn]Wn ]pXn-sbmcp ss{Ikn-kn-eqsS
IS∂p t]mhp-I-bm-Wv.
Cu XI¿®-Isf√mw, {]tXy-In®pw
2008-˛-teXv, s\©n¬ Hcm-f-temsS am{Xta
\nt£-]-I¿°v Hm¿°m-\m-Iq. 2008-˛¬ 50
iX-am-\-Øn-e-[nIw s\K-‰ohv dnt´¨
BWv Hml-cn-Ifpw CIzn‰n ayqNz¬
^≠p-Ifpw \evIn-b-Xv. Fnepw Zo¿L-
Ime e£y-ap-ff \nt£-]-I¿ CXns\
AXo Pohn®v apt∂-dn. 2009-˛¬ kz]v\
Xpey-amb dnt´¨ BWv hn]Wn ImgvN
h®-Xv.
ChnsS \evIp∂ ]mT-an-Xm-Wv.
knÃ-am-‰nIv C≥sh-Ãvsa‚v ( Fkv sF
]n ) hgn GXp hn]-Wn-bnepw \nt£]w
\-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw Zo¿L-Ime
ImgvNv∏m-tSmsS \nt£-]sØ ImWp-
Ibpw sNøp-I-sb-∂-Xm-Wv. GXp hn]Wn
Imem-h-ÿ-bnepw Fkv sF ]n
\nt£]w ^e-{]-Z-am-Wv. Hcp ss{Iknknepw
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CSn-hp-≠m-bn-´p-≠v. GXm≠v 13 iX-am-\w.
SEPTEMBER 2011

10
Ignore them….. Be persistent…
Never give up
(Philadelphia University
Commencement Speech –
May 15th 2011)
I am honored to be with you as we
gather to celebrate your graduation
from Philadelphia University.
While I teach at Stanford and
Berkeley, to be honest… this is the
closest I’ve ever gotten to a college
graduation.
I realize that my 15 minutes up
here is all that’s between you and
the rest or your life, so if I can keep
you awake, I’m going to share 4 short
stories from my life.
My first story is about finding your
passion.
My parents were immigrants…
Neither of them had been to
college—my mother graduated from
high school but my father left school
after the 7th grade. Still, like many
immigrants, they dreamed that
someday their children would go to
college… Unfortunately that was
their dream—but it wasn’t mine.
I ended up at Michigan State
because I got a scholarship…Once I
got there, I was
lost…unfocused…and had no idea of
who I was and why I was in school. I
hated school.
One day my girlfriend said, “You
know some of us are working hard to
stay here. But you don’t seem to
care.Why don’t you find out what you
really want to do”
That was the moment I realized I,
…not anyone else…was in charge
of my life.
I took her advice. I dropped out of
Michigan State University after the
first semester.
In the middle of a Michigan winter,
I stuck out my thumb and hitchhiked
to Miami, the warmest place I could
think of.
I had no idea what would be at
the end of the highway. But that day
I began a pattern that I still follow—
stick out your thumb and see where
the road takes you.
I managed to find a job at the
Miami International Airport loading
racehorses onto cargo planes. I didn’t
like the horses, but the airplanes
caught my interest.
Airplanes were the most
complicated things I had ever seen.
Unlike other kids who were fans of
the pilots, I was in awe of the
electronics technicians in charge of
the planes’ instruments. I would hang
around the repair shop just helping
out wherever I could. I didn’t know
anything, so I didn’t get paid…
But soon some technician took
me under his wing and gave me my
first tutorial on electronics, radar and
navigation. I was hooked. I started
taking home all the equipment
manuals and would read them late
into the night.
For the first time in my life, I found
something I was passionate about.
And the irony is that if I hadn’t
dropped out, I would never have
found this passion…the one that
began my career. If I hadn’t
discovered something I truly loved to
do, I might be driving a cab at the
Miami airport.
My life continued to follow this
same pattern…I’d pursue my
curiosity, volunteer to help, and show
up a lot. Again and again, the same
thing would happen… people would
notice that I cared…and I’d get a
chance to learn something new.
Now that you paid for your
degree…I’m going to let you in on a
secret. It’s your curiosity and
enthusiasm that will get you noticed
and make your life interesting—not
your grade point average.
But at the time…as excited as I
was…I couldn’t see how my passion
for airplanes and avionics could ever
get me anywhere. Without money,
or a formal education, how could I
learn about them
The answer turned out to be a war.
My second story is about
Volunteering and Showing Up.
In the early 1970’s, as some of
you might remember, our country was
in the middle of the Vietnam War—-
and the Air Force was happy to have
me.
I enlisted to learn how to repair
electronics. The Air Force sent me
to a year of military electronics
school. While college had been
someone else’s dream, learning
electronics had become mine.
After electronics school, when
most everyone else was being sent
overseas to a war-zone, I was
assigned to one of the cushiest
bases in the Air Force, right outside
of Miami.
My first week on the base… our
shop chief announced: “We’re
looking for some volunteers to go to
Thailand.” I still remember the
laughter and comments from my
fellow airmen. “You got to be
kidding… leave Miami for a war in
Southeast Asia”
Others wisely remembered the
first rule in the military: never
volunteer for anything. Listening to
them, I realized they were right. Not
volunteering was the sane path of
safety, certainty and comfort.
So I stepped forward, raised my
hand—and I said, “I’ll go.”
Once again, I was going to see
where the road would take me.
Volunteering for the unknown…which
meant leaving the security of what I
knew…would continually change my
life.
Two weeks later I was lugging
heavy boxes across the runway
under the broiling Thailand sun. My
job was to replace failed electronic
warfare equipment in fighter planes
as they returned from bombing
missions over North Vietnam.
As I faced yet another 110-degree
day, I did consider that perhaps my
decision to leave Miami might have
been a bit hasty. Yet every day I
would ask, “Where does our
equipment come from… and how do
we know it’s protecting our
airplanes”
The answer I got was, “Don’t you
know there’s a war on Shut up and
keep doing what you’re told.”
Still I was forever curious. At
times continually asking questions
got me in trouble…
once it almost sent me to jail…
but mostly it made me smarter.
I wanted to know more. I had
found something I loved to do.. …and
I wanted to get better at it.
When my shift on the flightline
was over, my friends would go
downtown drinking. Instead, I’d often
head into the shop and volunteer to
help repair broken jammers and
receivers. Eventually, the shop chief
who ran this 150-person shop
approached me and asked, “You’re
really interested in this stuff, aren’t
you” He listened to me babble for a
while, and then walked me to a stack
SEPTEMBER 2011

11
of broken electronic equipment
and challenged me troubleshoot and
fix them.
Hours later when I was finished,
he looked at my work and told me,
“We need another pair of hands
repairing this equipment. As of
tomorrow you no longer work on the
flightline.” He had just given me a
small part of the electronic warfare
shop to run.
People talk about getting lucky
breaks in their careers. I’m living proof
that the “lucky breaks” theory is
simply wrong. You get to make your
own luck. 80% of success in your
career will come from just showing
up. The world is run by those who
show up…not those who wait to be
asked.
Eighteen months after arriving in
Thailand, I was managing a group of
15 electronics technicians.
I had just turned 20 years old.
My third story is about Failure and
Redemption
After I left the military, I ended up
in Palo Alto, a town south of San
Francisco. Years later this area
would become known as Silicon
Valley.
For a guy who loved technology, I
was certainly in the right place.
Endlessly curious, I went from
startups in military intelligence to
microprocessors to supercomputers
to video games.
I was always learning. There were
times I worried that my boss might
find out how much I loved my
job…and if he did, he might make
me pay to work there. To be honest,
I would have gladly done so. While I
earned a good salary, I got up and
went to work every day not because
of the pay, but because I loved what
I did.
As time went on, I was a cofounder
or member of the starting
team for six high-tech startups…
With every startup came
increasing responsibility. I reached
what I then thought was the pinnacle
of my career when I raised tens of
millions of dollars and became CEO
of my seventh startup… a hot new
video game company. My picture
was in all the business magazines,
and made it onto the cover of Wired
magazine. Life was perfect.
And then one day it wasn’t.
It all came tumbling down. We
had believed our own press, inhaled
our own fumes and built lousy
games. Customers voted with their
wallets and didn’t buy our products.
The company went out of business.
Given the press we had garnered, it
was a pretty public failure.
We let our customers, our
investors, and our employees down.
While it was easy to blame it on
others…and trust me at first I tried…
in the end it was mostly a result of
my own hubris—the evil twin of
entrepreneurial passion and drive.
I thought my career and my life
were over. But I learned that in Silicon
Valley, honest failure is a badge of
experience.
In fact, unlike in the movies, most
startups actually fail. For every
Facebook and Zynga that make the
press, thousands just never make it
at all.
All of you will fail at some time in
your career…or in love, or in life.
No one ever sets out to fail. But
being afraid to fail means you’ll be
afraid to try. Playing it safe will get
you nowhere.
As it turned out, rather than run
me out of town on a rail, the two
venture capital firms that had lost $12
million in my failed startup actually
asked me to work with them.
During the next couple
years…and much humbler… I raised
more money and started another
company, one that was lucky enough
to go public in the dot.com bubble.
In 1999… with the company’s
revenue north of $100 million…I
handed the keys to a new CEO and
left. I had married a wonderful woman
and together we had two young
daughters.
I decided that after 20 years of
working 24/7 in eight startups, I
wanted to go home and watch my
kids grow up.
Which brings me to my last
story—There’s a Pattern Here.
When I retired I found myself with
Steve Blank
lots of time to think.
I began to reflect about my career
and what had happened in my 21
years with startups in Silicon Valley.
I was all alone in a ski cabin with
the snow falling outside…with my
wife and daughters out on the slopes
all day… I started to collect my
thoughts by writing what I had hoped
would become my memoirs.
Eighty pages later, I realized that
I had some great stories as an
entrepreneur and a failed CEO. But
while writing them was a great
catharsis, it was quickly becoming
clear that I’d even have to pay my
wife and kids to read the stories.
Steve Blank is a Silicon Valley-based retired serial entrepreneur,
founding and/or part of 8 startup companies in California’s Silicon Valley.
A prolific educator, thought leader and writer on Customer Development
for Startups, Blank teaches, refines, writes and blogs on “Customer
Development,” a rigorous methodology he developed to bring the
“scientific method” to the typically chaotic, seemingly disorganized
startup process
Now teaching Entrepreneurship at three major Universities, Blank
co-founded his first of eight startups after several years repairing fighter
plane electronics in Thailand during the Vietnam War, followed by several
years of defense electronics work for U.S. intelligence agencies in
“undisclosed locations.” "The Four Steps to the Epiphany," (Blank, Steven
Gary. Four Steps to the Epiphany. CafePress.com.) Blank’s book, details
the Customer Development process and is considered a “must read”
among entrepreneurs, investors, and established companies alike, when
the focus is optimizing a startup’s chances for scalability and success.
Blank views entrepreneurship as a practice that can be managed rather
than purely an art form to be experienced.
His Customer Development methodology is rooted on startups
"getting out of the building," talking to customers and using that feedback
to develop and refine their product.
But the more I thought about what
I had done, and what other
entrepreneurs had tried, I realized
something absurdly simple was
staring at me. I saw a repeatable
pattern that no else had ever noticed.
Business schools and investors
were treating new companies like
they were just small versions of large
companies. But it struck me that
startups were actually something
totally different. Startups were
actually like explorers—searching for
a new world, where everything—
customers, markets, prices—were
unknown and new.
These startups needed to be
inventive as they explore, trying new
and different things daily. In contrast,
existing companies, the Wal-Mart’s
and McDonalds, already had road
maps, guide books and playbooks—
they already know their customers,
markets, and prices. To succeed
they just need to do the same thing
every day.
Now it would have been easy to
say, “Nah, this can’t be right—every
smart professor at Harvard and
Wharton and Stanford believes
something different.”
In fact, in your lives this will
happen to you.
You will have a new idea, and
people will tell you, “That can’t be
right because we’ve always done it
this way.”
Ignore them….. Be persistent…
Never give up. Innovation comes from
those who see things that other don’t.
As a retired CEO, I had a lot of
free time. So I was often invited to
be a guest lecturer at the business
school at Berkeley. They thought I
could tell stories about what it was
like to start a company. I was
generous with my time…and I
showed up a lot.
But I began to nag the head of
the department about this new idea I
had…one that basically said that
everything you learn about starting
new companies in business schools
was wrong. I thought that there was
a better a way to teach and manage
startups than the conventional
wisdom of the last 40 years. And to
their credit…Berkeley’s Business
School and then Stanford’s
Engineering School let me write and
teach a new course based on my
ideas.
Now…a decade later… that
course called Customer
Development… is the basis of an
entirely new way to start companies.
If you’re in a technology company
or build a web or mobile application,
it’s probably the only way to start a
company.
How did this happen By
showing up a lot and questioning the
status quo.
These days I write a weekly blog
about entrepreneurship. At the end
of each post, I conclude with lessons
learned—a kind of Cliff Notes of my
key takeaways. So in case you
haven’t been listening, that’s how I’ll
finish up today.
–
Be forever curious.
Volunteer for everything.
Show up a lot.
Treat failure as a learning
experience.
Live life with no regrets.
Remembering…There is no undo
button.
Congratulations again to you
all…and thank you very much.
SEPTEMBER 2011

12
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_‘-s∏-´m-Wv Iº-\n-bpsS
DXv]-∂-߃ hn‰-gn-bp-∂-Xv.
C¥ybv°p ]pdta kuØv
CuÃv Gjy, anUn¬ CuÃv,
B{^n-°, CuÃv bqtdm-]y≥
cmPy-߃ XpS-ßnb taJ-e-Ifn¬
Iº-\n-bpsS DXv]-∂-߃ hn‰-gn-bp-∂p-≠v. 1996 apX¬ Iº\n kvt^mSI hkvXp-
°ƒ \n¿an®p hcp-∂p. anI® KpW-\n-e-hmcw ]pe¿Øp-∂p-sh-∂-XmWv Iº-\nbpsS
DXv]-∂-߃°v Unam≠v t\Sn-s°m-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. kmw_n-bk Sm≥km-\n-b, ss\Pocnb
F∂n-h-S-ß-fn¬ kvt^mSI hkvXp-°ƒ \n¿an-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ff ^mIvS-dn-I-fpsS
]Wn hnhn[ Zi-I-fn¬ ]ptcm-K-an-°p-I-bm-Wv.
Iº-\n°v {]Xn-h¿jw 250450 S¨ FIvkv]-tfm-kohv \n¿an-°p-hm-\p-ff tijnbp-≠v.
C¥y-bn¬ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ ÿm]n-X-ti-jn-bp-f-f- I-º-\n-bm-Wn-Xv. FIvkv]vtfmkohv
Ib-‰p-a-Xn-bn¬ Iº-\n°v 50 iX-am\w hn]Wn hnln-X-ap-≠v. tImƒ C¥ybpsS
apJy k]vsf-b-dmWv Iº-\n. C¥y-bn¬ DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ FIvkv]-tfm-ko-
KpP-dmØv tÉv s]t{Sms\‰v
hns‚ 65-˛70 iX-am\w Unam≠v tImƒ C¥y-bp-tSXmWv.
KpW-\n-e-hm-c-Øn-\p-ff hnhn[ k¿´n-^n-°-‰p-Iƒ Iº\n t\Sn-bn-´p-≠v. KpW-
\n-e-hm-cw, kpc-£n-X-Xzw, ]cn-ÿnXn DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xzw F∂n-h-bn¬ Iº\n hn´p-hogvNbv°v
Xbm-dn-√. CXn-\m¬Xs∂ hniz-kvX-cmb CS-]m-Sp-Im-cpsS FÆhpw h¿[n-
°p-I-bm-Wv.
C°-gn kmº-Øn-I-h¿j-Øn¬ Iº-\n- 534 tImSn cq] hcp-am\w 50.29
tImSn cq] A‰m-Zm-bhpw t\Sn. 17.32 tImSn cq] Hmlcn aqe-[-\-Øn¬ C ]n Fkv
29.03 cq]-bm-Wv. ap≥h¿jantX Ime-b-f-hn¬ hcp-am\w 483.5 tImSn cq]bpw A‰m-
Zmbw 31.27 tImSn cq]-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. A‰m-Zm-b-Ønse h¿[\ 60 iX-am-\-am-Wv. Iº-
\nbpsS _nkn-\-kn¬ {]Xn-h¿jw 25-˛30 iX-am\w h-f¿®-bmWv D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv.
2011 PqWn-e-h-km-\n® Izm¿´-dn¬ I-º\n 189.10 tImSn cq] hcp-am-\hpw (153.65
tImSn cq]) 13.45 tImSn cq] A‰m-Zmbhpw
(10.66tImSn cq]) 7.77 cq] C
]n Fkpw t\Sn-bn-´p-≠v. F∂m¬
{]h¿Ø-\-em-`-am¿Pn≥
ap≥h¿jsØ 12.89 iX-am-\-
Øn¬\n∂v 11.12 iX-am-\-ambn t\cnb
tXmXn¬ Ipd-p.
Iº\n CubnsS tImƒ
ssa\nwKv _nkn-\-kn-tebv°v {]thin-®n-cn°pI-bm-Wv.
CubnsS
BZysØ tImƒ _vtfm°v e`n-®n-´p-
≠v. c≠m-asØ ssa≥ e`n-°p-∂-
Xn-\p-ff \]-Sn-{I-a-߃ Bcw-`n-®n-´p-≠v. Cu ssa\pIƒ {]h¿Ø-\-£-a-am-Ip-∂tXmsS
I-º\n-bpsS ASp-Ød IqSp-X¬ i‡-am-Ipw. I-\-\n-bpsS tImƒ _nkn-
\kns‚ aqeyw 235 cq]bpw C≥U-kv{Sn-b¬ FIvkv]-tfm-kohv _nkn-\-kns‚
aqeyw 730 cq]-bp-ambn IW-°m-°p-∂-Xv. AXm-bXv GXm≠ 950 cq]-bpsS aqeyw
Ct∏mƒ Iº-\n-bpsS _nkn-\-kn-\p-≠v.
Iº-\n-bpsS C ]n Fkn¬ ASpØ aq-∂p-h¿j-°m-eØv 40 iX-am\ hoXw
hf¿® {]Xo-£n-°p-∂p. Ct∏m-gsØ hne 657 cq]-bm-Wv. ASpØ 12-˛18 amk-°meØv
50 iX-am-\-tØmfw hf¿® Ct∏m-gsØ \ne-bn¬\n∂v {]Xo-£n-°mw. XmgvNbn¬
Ch-bn¬ {]th-in-°mw. hym]m-c-hym]vXw Ipd-hm-Wv.
Ct∏m-gsØ hne: 96 cq]
52 BgvN-bnse Db¿∂ hne: 128 cq]
Xmgv∂ hne: 77 cq]
apJ hne: 10 cq]
em`-hoXw: 10 iX-am\w
C ]n Fkv: 9 cq], ]n C: 10.39 (2011 am¿®v)
hn]Wn aqeyw: 5542 tImSn cq]
cmPysØ G‰hpw henb c≠m-asØ {]Ir-Xnhm-XI
ss]∏vsse≥ irwJ-e-bpsS DS-a-ÿ-cmWv KpPdmØv
tÉv s]t{Sm-s\‰v enan-‰-Uv. KpP-dm-Ønse 26
Pn√-I-fn¬ 19 Pn√-I-tfbpw _‘n-∏n-®p-ff 1900 Intemao-‰¿
ssZ¿Ly-ap-ff ss]∏virwJe `mhn-bn¬ anI®
_nkn-\kv km[y-X-bmWv Xpd-°p-∂-Xv. Iº\n Ct∏mƒ
{]Ir-Xn-hm-X-I-Øns‚ hym]m-c-Øn¬ G¿s∏-´n-´n-√.
]Icw hmXI irwJe hmSIvbv°v \evIp-I-bmWv
sNøp-∂-Xv. AXm-bXv ss]∏vsse≥ s\‰v h¿°v Xmcn-
^mWv Iº-\n-bpsS hcp-am-\sØ \n›-bn-°p-∂Xv
Iº\n Ct∏mƒ 52.5 saKm-hm´v hn≥Uv sshZypXn
]≤Xn \S-∏m°n hcn-I-bm-Wv.
Iº\n Ct∏mgpw hnI-k-\-]-≤-Xn-Iƒ \S-
∏m°p∂p-≠v. {]Xn-h¿jw 600 tImSn cp]-tbmfw aqe-
[-\-\n-t£]w \S-Øp-∂p-≠v. A`y-{¥-c-hn-`-h-k-am-lcWw
hgn-bmWv CXn-\p-ff XpI I-s≠-Øp-∂-Xv. 2014-
˛HmsS kwÿm-\sØ F√m Pn√-I-fnepw s\‰v h¿°v FØn-°p∂Xn\v Dt±-in-°p-
∂p. Iº\nbpsS ss]∏v sse≥ hgn Ct∏mƒ {]Xn-Zn\w 35.5 Zi-e£w bqWn‰v
hmXIw sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-∂p-≠v. ÿm]n-X-tijn C\nbpw _m°n-In-S-°p-I-bm-Wv.
\S-∏p-h¿jw hmX-Im-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep-ff 1500 saKm-hm´v sshZypXn ]≤Xn IΩoj≥
sNøp-sa-∂mWv Icp-Xp-∂-Xv. CXv Xo¿®-bmbpw Iº-\n-bpsS _nkn-\-kn¬ h¿[-
SEPTEMBER 2011
\bv°v km[yX \evIp-∂p. ASp-Ø-bnsS 4500 Intem-ao-‰¿ ss]∏vsse≥ ÿm]n-
°p-∂-Xn-\p-ff sS≥U-dn¬ G‰hpw Ipd XpI tIzm´v sNbvXn-´p-ff Iº\n Pn
Fkv ]n F¬-B-Wv. Cu ]≤-Xn°v 21500 tImSn cq] sNehv hcpw.
2011 am¿®n-e-h-km-\n® 12 amk-°m-eØv Iº\n 1046.52 tImSn cq] hcp-am-
\hpw 506.4 tImSn cq] A‰m-Zm-bhpw t\Sn-bn-´p-≠v. 562.58 tImSn cq] Hmlcn aqe-[-
\-Øn¬ C ]n Fkv 9 cq]-bm-Wv. ap≥h¿j-antX Ime-b-f-hn-enXv bYm-{Iaw 1000.87
tImSn cq], 413.8 tImSn cq], 7.36 cq] hoX-am-bn-cp-∂p. Iº\nbpsS hm¿jnI hn‰ph-chv
FXm≠v \n›-e-am-b-Xp-t]m-se-bm-Wv. ÿm]n-X-tijn hn\n-tbmKw sa®-s∏-
´mse CXp sa®-s∏-Sp-I-bp-f-fp. C°-gn kmº-Øn-I-h¿j-Øn¬ dnt´¨ Hm¨
Bh-tdPv CIzn‰n 26.46 iX-am-\-am-Wv. ap≥h¿j-anXv 27.8 iX-am-\-am-bn-cp-∂p. \S-∏ph¿jhpw
CXv 25 iX-am-\-Øn\p apI-fnembn-cn-°psa∂mWv
IW-°m-°p-∂-Xv.
\S-∏p-h¿j-Øns‚ BZy-Izm¿´-dn¬ Iº\n 287.6
tImSn cq] hcp-am-\hpw 137.77 tImSn cq] A‰m-Zm-bhpw
2.44 cq] C ^n Fkpw t\Sn-bn-´p-≠v. {]h¿Ø\
e`am¿Pn≥ 92.23 iX-am-\w.
GXm\pw Izm¿´-dp-I-fn-embn Iº-\n-bpsS
ss]∏vsse\v D]-tbm-Khpw A‰m-Zm-bhpw Imcy-ambn
hyXym-k-an-√msX XpS-cp-I-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ {]Ir-Xn-hm-
X-I-Øn-\p-ff h¿[n® Unam≠v Iº-\n-bpsS `mhn-sb-
°p-dn®v IqSp-X¬ {]Xo£ \evIp-∂p. kwÿm-\-Øns‚
IqSp-X¬ `mK-ß-fn-tebv°p Iº-\n-bpsS ss]∏vsse≥
FØp-∂Xv _nkn-\kv km[yX h¿[n-∏n-°p-∂p. Zo¿L-
Im-e-Øn¬ Iº-\n-bpsS ss]∏v sse\n\v Bhiyw
h¿[n®p hcp-sa∂v Dd-∏m-Wv.
Hmlcn hne-bn-t∏mƒ 98 cq]-bmWv. C°-gn
h¿jsØ hcp-am-\-Øn¬ ]n C 10.39 BWv. Cu {Kq∏n-c¬s∏´ Iº-\n-I-fn¬
G‰hpw Ipdhv ]n C Df-fXv KpP-dmØv tÉv s]t{Sm-s\-‰n-\mWv. sKbn¬, KpP-dmØv
Kymkv, C{µ-{]ÿ Kymkv XpS-ßnb Iº-\n-I-fpsS ]n C 16.5-˛18.5˛\n CSn-bn-em-Wv.
Npcp-°-Øn¬ sa®-s∏´ ]n C Iº-\n°v e`n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. hcpw h¿j-ß-fn¬ _nkn-
\kv sa®-s∏-Sp-∂-tXmsS Iº-\n-bpsS aqey-Ønepw h¿[\ {]Xo-£n-°mw. Zo¿L-
Im-e-Øn¬ \nt£]w \SØn ImØn-cn-°p-hm≥ Xbm-dp-f-f-h¿°v CXn¬ {]th-in-
°mw. {]tXy-In®p Xncp-Ø-en¬. 88090-cq] \ne-hm-c-Øn¬ Hml-cn°v \√ ]n¥p-Wbp-≠v.

hn]-Wn°v {]bmk Imew
13
Pqsse 26-˛se dnk¿hv _mv \bw
apX¬ C¥y≥ hn]-Wn-° v{]-bm-k-ßfpsS
Ime-amWv. {]Xo-£n-®-Xn-t\-°mƒ
IqSp-X-embn \b ]en-i-\n-c-°p-Iƒ
Db¿Øn-bXv hn]-Wn-bn¬ i‡-amb CSnhp-≠m-°n.
sXm´p ]n∂m-se-bmWv bp
Fkv sU‰v Unt^mƒ´ns‚ h°n-se-ØnbXpw
XpS¿∂v BtKmf td‰nwKv
GP≥knbm Ãm≥Um¿Uv B≥Uv ]ph¿
bp Fkns‚ td‰nwKv {Sn∏nƒ F bn¬\n∂v
U_nƒ F ]vfnk-tebv°v Xmg-Øn-bXpw
BtKmf hn]-Wn-I-fn¬ hnev]-b-\psS
{]kv _´¨ Aa¿Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
CtXm-sSm∏w bqtdm-tkm-Wnse sU‰v
{]iv\w cq£-am-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXXv
BtKmf hn]-Wn-Isf ]ºcw Id-°n.
C¥y-bp-tS-X-√mØ Imc-W-߃s°m≠v
hn]-Wnaqey-Øn¬ \s√mcp `mKw XyPnt°≠n
h∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
C¥y≥ Hmlcn hn]-Wn-bpsS _©v
am¿°v kqNn-I-I-fmb sk≥skIvkv Hcp
amk-°m-eØv 2586 t]mbn‚pw \n^v‰n
kqNnI 791.4 t]mbn‚p-amWv CSn--Xv.
AXm-bXv bYm-{Iaw 13.71 iX-am-\hpw
13.93 iX-am-\hpw hoXw. kao-]-Im-esØ
G‰hpw henb CSn-hm-Wn-Xv.
sk≥skIvkv h¿j-߃°p-tijw 16000
t]mbn‚n\pw \n^v‰n 4800 t]mbn‚n\pw
Xmsg-sb-Ønb amk-hpw-Iq-Sn-bm-Wn-Xv.
h\y-amb hyXn-bm-\-amWv hn]-Wn-bn-ep-
≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. C¥y≥ hn]Wn 14 amksØ
G‰hpw XmgvN-bn¬ FØnb amk-hpw-Iq-
Sn-bm-Wn-Xv.
\oXn-I-cn-°m-\m-hmØ CSn-hmWv hn]-
Wn-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂mWv hmeyp
dntk¿®v Hm¨sse≥ FUn-‰dpw Ita‚-
‰-dp-amb [otc{µIp-am-dns‚ A`n-{]m-bw.
bp Fkv, bqtdmtkm¨
Ipg-∏-߃
t\csØ kqNn-∏n-®-Xp-t]mse bp
Fkns‚ s{IUn‰v td‰nwKv XmgvØn-bXpw
bqtdm-tkm-Wnse sU‰v Ipg-∏-߃ h¿[n-
®p-h-cp-∂-Xp-am-Wv BtKmf hn]-Wnsb
De-®-Xv. BtKmf hn]-Wn-bnse CSnhv
C¥y≥ hn]-Wn-bnepw {]Xn-^-en-°p-I-bmbn-cp-∂p.
A{Xbv°p CSnhv Bh-iy-an-√mbn-cp-∂p-sh-n¬
t]mepw. bp Fkv {]iv\-
tØ-°mƒ bqtdm-∏ns‚ ÿnXn-bmWv hn]-
Wnsb Ae-´p-∂-Xv. bqtd-∏nse G‰hpw
henbaq∂m-a-tØXpw \mem-a-tØ-Xpw
kº-ZvL-S-\-I-fmb C‰-enbpw kvs]bn\pw
IS-Øn¬ sRcp-ßp-I-bm-Wv. Xcn-®-S-bv°phm≥
Ign-bm-sX. Xncn-®-S-bv°-W-sa-n¬
bqtdm-tkm¨ cmPy-߃ klm-bn-°-Ww.
Ch¿°p ]n∂mse c≠m-asØ G‰hpw
henb kº-ZvL-S-bmb {^m≥kpw Ipg-∏-
Øn-tebv°v \oßp-I-bm-sW∂ hm¿ØbmWv
hn]-Wn-bnse henb CSn-hn\v Imc-
W-am-b-Xv.
HmKÃv A©n\v bp Fkns‚
s{IUn‰n td‰nwKv {Sn∏nƒ F bn¬\n∂v
U_nƒ F ]vfkn-tebv°v Ipd-®p-sh-
nepw tUmf¿ Ipd-bmsX \n∂Xv B
cmPy-Øn-ep-ff temI-Øns‚ hnizmkamWv.
tUmf-dn-tebv°v kpc-£nX
\nt£-]-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ \nt£-]-I¿ Xncn-
-Xns‚ ^e-hp-amWv tUmf¿ hogm-Xncp-∂-Xv.
CXn-\¿Yw bp Fkn¬ {]iv\-
ß-fn-s√-∂-√v. bp Fkns‚ ISw Hcp
{]iv\w Xs∂-bm-Wv. ]t£ AXn-t\-°mtfsd
bp Fkns‚ kmº-Øn-I-h-f¿®bpsS
thKw h¿[n-°m-Ø-XmWv hn]-
Wnsb Bi--s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. bp
Fkns‚ BZy ]Ip-Xn-bnse hf¿® 0.8
iX-am-\-am-Wv. {]Xo-£n-®n-cp-∂Xv c≠p
iX-am-\-Øn-\-Sp-Øpw. bp Fkv hf¿®bn-tebv°v
hs∂-nse BtKmf hn]-Wnbnse
{]iv\-߃°v Hcp ]cn[n hsc
]cn-lm-c-am-hp-I-bp-f-fp.
as‰mcp {Kokn¬\n∂v bp Fkv aq∂p
h¿jw am{Xw AI-se-bm-sW∂mWv ap≥
bp Fkv Iw]vt{Sm-f¿ P\-depw Iw _mIv
Ata-cn° C\otjy-‰ohv Xe-h-\p-amb
tUhnUv hm°-dpsS A`n-{]m-bw. c≠p
h¿jw-sI-a≠v {Kokn≥sd ISw Pn Un
]nbpsS 100 iX-am-\hpw IS∂v 150 iXam-\-Øn-se-Øn.
bqtdm-]y≥˛ sF Fw
F^v c£m-]m-t°-Pp-IƒsIm≠v am{XamWv
{Kokv IS-a-S-bv°p-∂-Xn¬ hogvN hcp-
Øm-Xv. CtX ÿnXn hnti-j-am-Wv bp
Fkns‚ ap∂n-epsa∂mWv hm°-dpsS
ap∂-dn-bn-∏v.
Npcp-°-Øn¬ bp Fkv˛ bqtdm sU‰v
{]iv\w BtKmf hn]-Wn-I-fn¬ Icn-\ng¬
hogvØn-b-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. BtKmf
kº-ZvL-S-\-bpsS hf¿® KWy-amb Ipdbp-sa∂
`oXn-bmWv hn]-Wn-bpsS Ign-am-ksØ
\o°sØ kzm[o-\n-®-Xv.
dnt]m, dnt]m
dnthgvkv \nc-°pIƒ
Ch-bp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ
C¥y-bpsS {]iv\-߃ Ah-cpsS ]Ip-
Xn-tbm-fta hcn-I-bp-f-fp. C¥y t\cn-Sp∂
apJy{]iv\w \mWy-s∏-cp-∏-amWv.
AXns\ t\cn-Sp-hm≥ dnk¿hv _mv ]eni-\n-c-°pIƒ
Db¿Øptºmƒ
kmº-ØnI
hf¿®-bpsS thKw Ipdbp-∂-Xp-am-Wv.
Pqsse 26-˛se
BZy Izm¿´¿ kmº-
Øn-Im-h-tem-I-\-Øn¬
{]Xo-£-tb-°mƒ IqSp-
X-embn \b ]en-i-\nc-°p-I-ƒ
h¿[n-∏n-®Xv
hn]-Wn-bn¬ h≥hnev]-
\bv°v Imc-W-am-bn.
dnt]m, dnthgvkv dnt]m
\nc-°p-Iƒ 0.5 iXam\w
h¿[n-∏n-∏n®v
bYm-{Iaw 8 iX-am-
\hpw Ggp iX-am-\-hpam-bn.
XpS¿®-bmb ]Xns\m-∂m-asØ
Xh-Wbm-Wv
dnk¿hv _mv
]en-i-\n-c-°p-Iƒ
Db¿Ø-∂-Xv. \mWy-s∏cp-∏sØ
Aa¿®
sNøp-∂-Xn-\p-ff dnk¿hv _mns‚ ]eni-\n-c°v
Db¿Ø¬ \bw Iº-\n-I-fpsS
BZm-bsØ {]Xn-Iq-e-ambn _m[n-°psa∂
`b-amWv hn]-Wn-bnse hnev]-
\bv°v Imc-Ww. kmº-Øn-Im-h-tem-I\w
h∂ A∂v sk≥skIvkv kqNnI 333
t]mbn‚pw \n^v‰n kqNn-I 105 t]mbn‚pamWv
CSn--Xv. XpS¿∂p-ff Znh-k-ßfnepw
CSn-hmWv hn]-Wn-bn¬ I≠-Xv.
hnhn[ Imc-W-ß-fm¬ Cu CSn-hns‚
XpS¿® Ct∏m-gpw XpS-cp-I-bm-Wv.
Cu ]en-i-\n-c°p h¿[-\-sb-
√maps≠nepw C¥y≥ Pn Un ]n
hf¿® \S∏p h¿jw F´p iX-am-\-am-bncn-°p-sa∂pw
dnk¿hv _mv IW-°m-°p-
∂p. ]en-i-\n-c°v h¿[\ Ah-km-\n-
°p-∂-tXmsS hn]Wn t]mko-‰o-hmbn
{]Xn-I-cn-°p-sa∂v Dd-∏m-Wv. Ct∏m-gsØ
]en-i-\n-c°v h¿[-\- D]-tbm-‡m-°-fn-
¬ \n∂v CuSm-°p-hm≥ X° hn[-Øn¬
C¥y≥ kº-ZvLS\ i‡-am-sW-∂mWv
dnk¿hv _mv hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂-Xv. \mWys∏-cp∏w
2012 Unkw-_-tdmsS 7 iX-am-\-
am-b-cn-°p-sa∂v B¿ _n sF hne-bn-cp-
Øp-∂p. t\csØ Bdp iX-am-\-amWv
{]Xo-£n-®n-cp-∂-Xv.
dnk¿hv _mns‚ \S-]Sn {lkz-Ime-Øn¬
\mWy-s∏-cp-∏sØ Aa¿Øpsa∂pw
Zo¿L-Im-e-Øn¬ kmº-Øn-I-hf¿®sb
_m[n-°p-I-bn-s√∂pw Bkq-{X-
W-°-Ωo-j≥ D]m-[y-£≥ samt≠Iv
knwKv Aep-hm-enb A-`n-{]m-b-s∏-´p.
HIvtSm-_-tdmsS \mWy-s∏-cp∏ kΩ¿±w
Ipd-bp-sa-∂mWv At±-l-Øns‚ A`n-{]mbw.
Pn Un ]n hf¿® \S-∏p-h¿jw
ap≥h¿j-tØ-°mƒ Ipd-hm-bn-cn-°psa∂pw
At±lw ]d-bp-∂p.-\-S-∏p-h¿jw
8.2 iX-am\w hf¿®-bmWv At±lw IW-
°m-°p-∂-Xv. CXv tami-amb hf¿®-sbm-
∂p-a-√. 2012-˛13 h¿j-Øn¬ 8.5 iX-am\w
hf¿®-bn-tebv°v Xncn-®p-t]m-Ip-hm\pw
km-[n-°pw. C°-gn kmº-Øn-I-h¿j-
Ønse hf¿® 8.5 iX-am-\-am-bn-cp-∂p.
Ib-‰p-a-Xn-bn¬
dn°m¿Uv hf¿®
\nc-h[n s\K-‰ohv hm¿Ø-Iƒ Ds≠-
nepw Nne t]mko-‰ohv LS-I-ßfpw
Db¿∂p hcp-∂p-≠v. bqtdm, bp Fkv
sU‰v Ipg-∏-߃ h¿[n-°p∂ kml-Ncy-Øn¬
\ne-\n-ev°m-\n-S-bn-s√-nepw
C¥y≥ Ib-‰p-aXn hf¿® Db¿∂ thK-
Øn¬ \oßp-I-bm-Wv. Pqsse Ib-‰p-aXn
hcp-am\w 82 iX-am\w h¿[-\-tbmsS
AXn-i-bn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. F≥Pn-\o-bdnw-Kv,
s]t{Sm-fnbw DXv]-∂-߃, sdUntaUv
hkvX-c-߃ F∂n-h-bn-ep-≠mb
Unam≠mWv Ib-‰p-aXn Db¿Øn-b-Xv. hcpam\w
2930 tImSn tUmf-dm-Wv. 2010-˛11-˛¬
24600 tImSn tUmf¿ hcp-am\w t\Sn-bn-cp-
∂p. \S-∏p-h¿jw
30000 tImSn
tUmf¿ hcp-am-\-am-
Wv e£y-an-´n-cn-°p-
∂-Xv. Ccp-]-Ø©v
iX-am\w hf¿®bmWv
e£yw.
G{]n¬˛ Pqsse
Ime-b-f-hnse Ib-
‰p-aXn hcp-am\w 54
iX-am\w h¿[-\-
Hmlcn hn]Wn
tPmbn ^nen∏v
tbmsS 10830 tImSn
tUmf-dn-se-Øn-bn-
´p-≠v. bp Fkv˛bqtdm∏v
taJ-e-Ifnse
Ipg-∏-߃
Ib-‰p-a-Xnsb
_m[n-°p-sa∂v
hmWn-Py-a-{¥mebw
ap∂-dn-bn∏v
\evIp-∂p. Cu
cmPy-ß-fn-tebv°mWv
C¥y≥
Ib-‰p-a-Xn-bpsS 35 iX-am-\w.
AtX-k-abw Pqsse-bn¬ Cd-°p-aXn
25 iX-am\w hf¿®-tbmsS 4040 tImSn
tUmf-dn-se-Øn. {IqtUm-bn¬ Cd-°p-aXn
11450 tImSn tUmf-dm-Wv. CXv samØw
Cd-°p-a-Xn-bpsS 28 iX-am\w hcpw.
PqWnse hymh-km-bn-tIm-Xv]mZ\
hf¿® anI®v Xncn®p hchv \S-Øn-bncn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
Im∏n-‰¬ KpUvkv, am\p-
^m-IvN-dnwKv hn`m-K-ßfpsS ]n¥p-WtbmsS
PqWn¬ hymh-km-bnI hf¿® 8.8
iX-am-\-am-bn. ap≥h¿j-antX Ime-b-fhn-enXv
7.4 iX-am-\-am-bn-cp-∂p. am\p-^m-
IvN-dnwKv PqWn¬ 10 iX-am\w h-f¿®
t\Sn. hymh-km-bn-tIm-Xv]m-Z-\-Øns‚ 75
iX-am-\-tØmfw Cu taJ-e-bpsS shbnt‰-Pv.
G{-]n¬˛ Pq¨ Ime-b-f-hnse
hf¿® 6.8 iX-am-\-am-Wv. ap≥h¿j-anXv
9.6 iX-am-\-am-bn-cp-∂p. G{]n-ense
hf¿® 5.8 iX-am-\hpw sabv amk-ØnteXv
5.9 iX-am-\-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p.
2011-˛12-˛¬ e£y-an-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xpt]mse
\nIpXn hcp-am\w t\Sp-sa∂v
sk≥{S¬ t_m¿Uv Hm^v SmIvkkv
sNb¿am≥ {]Imiv N{µ Bfl-hn-izmkw
{]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂p. \nIpXn hcp-am-\sØ
kmº-Øn-I-h-f¿®-bnse Ipdhv CXp-hscbpw
_m[n-®n-´n-√. Ct∏m-gsØ IW-
°p-I-f-\p-k-cn®v {]Xy-£-\n-Ip-Xn-bn¬ 23
iX-am\w h¿-[-\-bp-≠m-bn-´p-≠v.
G{]n¬˛ Pq¨ Ime-b-f-hn¬ {]Xy-£-
\n-IpXn hcp-am\w 23.91 iX-am\w hf¿®tbmsS
104136 tImSn cq]-bn-se-Øn.
ap≥h¿j-antX Ime-b-e-hn-enXv 84401
tImSn cq]-bm-bn-cp-∂p. \S-∏p-h¿jw 9.32
e£w tImSn cq] \nIpXn hcp-am\w
t\Sp-hm-\mWv e£y-an-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
ap≥h¿j-antX Ime-b-f-hn-te-Xn-t\-°mƒ
24.98 iX-am\w IqSp-X¬.
Ub-dIvSv SmIvkv tImUv ASpØ
h¿jw G{]n¬ H∂n\v \S-∏m-°p-hm≥
km[n-°p-sa∂v [\-a{¥n {]W_v
apJ¿Pn {]Xo£ {]I-Sn-∏n-®p.
Ãm≥UnwKv IΩn-‰n-bpsS apºn-ep-ff
_n¬ ]m¿e-sa‚ns‚ ap-Ime ktΩf-\-Øn¬
]mkm°p-Ibpw 2012 G{]n¬
H∂p apX¬ \S-∏m-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpsa∂pw
apJ¿Pn {]Xym-in-°p-∂p. Un Sn
kn ]mkm-Ip-∂-tXmsS 50 h¿jw ]g-°ap-ff
BZm-b-\n-IpXn \nb-a-amWv amdp-
∂-Xv. KpUvkv B≥Uv k¿ho-kkv
SmIvkv _n√pw \S-∏m-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpsa∂pw
At±lw Icp-Xp-∂p.
\mWy-s∏-cp∏
kΩ¿±w Ipd-bp∂p
\mWy-s∏-cp∏w F´p amksØ
G‰hpw XmgvN-bn-emWv Pqsse-bn¬. 9.22
iX-am-\-amWv \mWy-s∏-cp-∏w. PqWnenXv
9.44 iX-am-\-am-bn-cp-∂p. 2010
Pqsse-bn¬ 11.25 iX-am-\-ambncp∂p
\mWy-s∏-cp∏w. `£y-h-kvXp-°-fp-tSbpw
s]t{Sm-fnbw DXv]-\-ß-fpsS hne h¿[-
\-bnse Ipd-hmWv \mWy-s∏-cp∏w Ipdbv°p-hm≥
klm-bn-®-Xv.
`£y-hnes∏cp∏w HmKÃv Bdn\v
Ah-km-\n® hmc-Øn¬ 9.06 iX-am-\-
am-bn. ap≥hm-c-Øn-enXv 9.90 iX-am-\-ambn-cp-∂p.
C‘-\-hne kqNnI 13.13 iXam-\-am-bn.
ap≥hm-c-Øn-enXv 12.19 iXam-\-am-bn-cp-∂p.
hcpw BgvN-I-fn¬ Ch
c≠p Ipd-bp-sa-∂mWv {]Xo-£n-°p-∂-
Xv. ASpØ Unkw-_¿ hsc \mWy-s∏cp∏w
9˛10 iX-am-\-Øn-\n-S-bn-em-bn-cn-°psa∂v
[\--\--{¥m-e-b-Øns‚ No^v C°tWm-an°v
AssUz-k¿ IuinIv _kp
A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. \mWys∏-cp∏w Ipdbv°p-∂-Xn-\p-ff
\S-]-Sn-Iƒ DSt\
ssIs°m-≈p-sa∂v [\-a{¥n {]W_v
apJ¿Pnbpw {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≠v. F∂m¬
\S-]-Sn-Iƒ F¥m-sW∂v At±lw hni-
Zo-I-cn-®n-√.
F¥m-bmepw XpS¿®-bmb c≠mw
h¿jhpw a¨kq¨ I\n-bp-I-bm-¨.
Pq¨ H∂n\v Bcw-`n® a¨kq¨
HmKÃv 17 hsc Zo¿L-Im-e-i-cm-i-cn-tb-
°mƒ 1 iX-am\w am{Xw Ipdth hcp-
Øn-bn-´p-f-fp. anI® ag Im¿jn-tIm-Xv]m-
Z\e£yw t\Sp-∂-Xn\v AXym-h-iy-am-
Wv. cmPy-Øns‚ Pem-h-iy-Øn¬
ap°m¬ ]tmfw ]Sn-m-d≥ a¨kq-
Wn¬\n-∂mWv \n¿h-ln-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
`t£ym-Xv]m-Z-\-Øn¬ hf¿®-bp-≠mbm¬
AXv \mWy-s∏-cp∏w I-bv°pw.
C-¥y-bpsS kmº-ØnI hf¿®bv°v
{]Xo£ \evIp-∂-XmWv [\-a{¥n
{]W_v apJ¿Pn-bpsS G‰-hp-sam-Sp-hnesØ
{]Jym-]-\-߃. apS-ßn-°n-S-
°p∂ kmº-Øn-I-]-cn-jvImc \S-]-Sn-
Iƒ°v thKw Iq´p-sa∂v apJ¿Pn
C¥y≥ tIm¿]-td‰v taJ-ebv°v hm°v
sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. A`y-¥c km-
Øn-I-h-f¿® e£y-an-´v D]-t`mKw h¿[n-
∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ff \S-]-Sn-Iƒ FSp-°pw.
C¥y≥ hn]-Wn-bn¬ ]W-e-`y-Xbv°v
Ipd-hp-≠m-In-s√∂v [\-a{¥ {]W_v
apJ¿Pnbpw dnk¿hv _mpw hy‡-am-
°n-bn-´p-≠v.
SEPTEMBER 2011

14
SEPTEMBER 2011
hf¿®-bv°v thKw
Ipd-bp∂p
BtKmf [\-Imcy˛ kmº-Øn-I-ta-Je-bnse
kw`h hnIm-k-߃ C¥y≥
hf¿®-bnepw kΩ¿±w sNep-Øp-∂p-≠v.
Fnepw A`y-¥c D]-t`m-K-Øn¬ tamia-√mØ
hf¿® t\Sp-hm≥ C¥y°v Ignbp-sa∂v
dnk¿hv _mv hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂p.
G‰hpw tami-amb 2008-˛se Ah-ÿbnepw
C¥ybv°v 6.8 iX-am\w hf¿®
t\Sp-hm≥ km[n-®Xv dnk¿hv _mv
Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p.
C¥ybv°v bp Fkns‚ ÿnXn-bns√∂v
Bkq-{X-W-°-Ωo-j≥ D]m-[y-£≥
samt≠-IvknwKv Aep-hm-enb -A-`n-{]m-bs∏-Sp-∂p.
C¥y-bpsS ISw Db¿∂-Xm-sW-
nepw Db¿∂ hf¿®-bp-f-f-Xn-\m¬ {]iv\-
ß-fn-√. ASpØ 5˛6 h¿j-Øn-\p-f-fn¬
C¥y-bpsS sU‰v ˛ Pn Un ]n A\p-]mXw
KWy-ambn Ipd-bp-sa∂pw At±lw ]dbp-∂p.
bp Fknse kw`h hnIm-k-߃
C¥y-b≥ Ib-‰p-a-Xn-tbbpw aqe-[-\-samgp-°n-t\bpw
{]Xn-Iq-e-ambn _[n-°p-sa∂v
{][m-\-a-{¥n-bpsS kmº-ØnI D]-tZ-iI
Iu¨kn¬ sNb¿am≥ kn cwK-cm-P≥
ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evIp-∂p. Fnepw \S-∏ph¿jw
8.2 iX-am\w Pn Un ]n hf¿®
t\Sp-sa∂mWv At±lØns‚ hn-e-bn-cp-
ج. td‰nwKv Ipd--Xn-t\-°mƒ bp
Fkns‚bpw bqtdm-∏n-t‚bpw kmº-ØnI
hf¿®-bpsS thKw Ipd-bp-∂-XmWv Bi-
m-Ip-e-amb kwK-Xn.
BtKmf k-º-ZvL-S-\-I-fpsS hf¿®
Ipd-bp-sa∂ `b-Øn¬ {IqtUm-bn¬ hne
Xmgv∂-cn-°p-I-bmWv. Hc-h-k-c-Øn¬ 98
tUmf¿ hsc Xmgv∂ s{_≥Uv {IqUv
_mc-en\v 110.5 tUmf-dmWv hne-bn-t∏mƒ.
en_n-b-bn¬ ]pXnb Kh-s◊‚v hcp-∂tXmsS
{IqUv hne C\nbpw Ipd-bp-sa∂v
Icp-Xp-∂p. hne 90-˛95-˛tUmf-dn¬ sk‰n¬
sNøp-sa-∂m-Wv ]e A\-en-Ãp-Ifpw IW-
°m-°p-∂-Xv. {IqUv hne C-Sn-Xv
C¥ybv°v Bizmkw ]I-cp∂ Imcy-am-
Wv.
{]Xn-Iq-e-amb Ahÿ A`y-¥-c˛
A¥m-cmjv{S Xe-ß-fn¬ \ne-\n-ev°ptºmgpw
C¥y≥ Pn Un ]n 2012 am¿®ne-hm-k-\n-°p∂
kmº-ØnI h¿j-Øn¬
8.2 iX-am\w hf¿® t\Sp-sa∂v {][m\-
a-{¥n-bpsS kmº-ØnI D]-tZ-iI
Iu¨kn¬ hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂p. ( dnk¿hv
_mns‚ {]Xo£ 8 iX-am\w hf¿®bm-Wv).
\mWy-s∏-cp∏w HIvtSm-_¿ hsc
9 iX-am-\-Øn-\-SpØv XpS-cp-sa∂pw AXn-
\p-tijw Ipd-bp-sa-∂p-amWv Iu¨knens‚
hne-bn-cp-ج. am¿t®msS \mWys∏-cp∏w
6.5 iX-am\Øntebv°v Xmgpsa-∂m-Wv
Iu¨kn-ens‚ {]Xo-£. C°gn
kmº-Øn-I-h¿j-Ønse Pn Un
]n hf¿® 8.5 iX-am-\-am-bn-cp-∂p.
C¥y-bpsS bYm¿∞ P Un ]n \S-
∏p-h¿jw 8.8 iX-am\w hf¿® t\Sp-sa-
∂mWv sk‚¿ t^m¿ tamWn-´-dnwKv
C¥y≥ Ct°m-W-an-bpsS hne-bn-cp-ج.
AtX-k-abw a‰v cmPy-¥c GP≥kn-
Iƒ Ipd hf¿®m-\n-c-°mWv IW-°m-
°p-∂-Xv. C¥y≥ Pn Un ]n hf¿® \S-
∏p-h¿jw 7.2 iX-am-\-Øn-tebv°v Xmgpsa-∂mWv
BtKmf \nt£-]-ÿm-]-\-amb
tam¿K≥ Ãm≥en hne-bn-cp-ج.
t\csØ 7.7 iX-am\w hf¿® t\Sp-sa-
∂mWv IW-°m-°n-bn-cp-∂-Xv. 2012-˛13-˛¬
8 iX-am\w hf¿®-bmWv {]Xo-£n-°p-∂-
Xv. Ãm≥Um¿Uv Nm¿t´Uv _mns‚
hne-bn-cp-Ø-e-\p-k-cn®v C¥y≥ hf¿®
7.7 iX-am-\-Øn-tebv°v Xmgpw.
Ign 3˛4 amk-ambn C¥y≥ hf¿®
Ipd-bp-I-bm-sW∂ kqN-\-Iƒ Zriyambncp-∂p.
AØcw kqN-\-Iƒ Hmtcm Znhkw
sN√pw-tXmdpw IqSp-X¬ hy‡-hpw i‡-
hp-am-hp-I-bm-Wv.
dnk¿hv _mv C\nbpw \b ]en-i-
\n-c-°p-Iƒ h¿[n-∏n-®m¬ C¥y≥ kmº-
ØnI hf¿® amµy-Øn-tebv°v \oßpsa∂v
dntk¿®v ÿm]-\-amb aqUokv
ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evIp-∂p. \m-Wy-s∏-cp∏w
hcpw amk-ß-fnepw 9 iX-am-\-Øn\v Np‰-
f-hn¬ \nev°p-hm-\mWv km[y-X-sb∂pw
aqUnkv hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂p. \S-∏p-h¿jw
8.2 iX-am\w hf¿®-bmWv aqUokv IW-
°m-°n-bn-´p-f-f-Xv. {][m-\-a-{¥n-bpsS
kmº-ØnI D]-tZ-iI Iu¨knepw 8.2
iX-am\w hf¿®-bmWv IW-°m-°p-∂-Xv.
Kh-s◊‚v _P-‰n¬ 9 iX-am\w hf¿®bmWv
{]Xo-£n-®n-cp-∂-Xv.
BtKmf kmº-ZvL-S-\-bnse {]iv\-
߃ C¥y≥ kmº-ØnI hf¿®sb
henb tXmXn¬ _m[n-°p-I-bn-s√∂pw
\S∏p h¿jw 7 iX-am-\-Øn\p apI-fn¬
hf¿® C¥y t\Sp-sa∂pw Izm≠w
skIyq-cn-‰oknse kRvPbv ZØv A`n-
{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. ASpØ 6˛9 amk-°m-eØv
C¥y anI® {]I-S\w ImgvN hbv°psa∂pw
At±lw Iq´n-®¿°p-∂p.
C¥y≥ hf¿® \S-∏p-h¿jw 8.1 iXam-\-Øn-tebv°v
Xmgp-sa∂v sk‚¿ t^m¿
tamWn-´-dnwKv C¥y≥ C°-tWman ( kn
Fw sF C) hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂p. t\csØ
Ah¿ 8.6 iX-am\w hf¿® t\Sp-sa-∂mWv
hne-bn-cp-Øn-bn-cp-∂-Xv. Im¿jnI hf¿®
2.2 iX-am-\-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw sk‚¿
IW-°m-°p-∂p. {][m-\-a-{¥n-bpsS kmº-
ØnI D]-tZ-iI Iu¨kn¬ 8.2 iXam\w
h-f¿®bpw 6.5 iX-am\w \mWy-s∏cp-∏-hp-amWv
{]Xo-£n-°p-∂-Xv. dnk¿hv
_mMvIv Hm^v C¥y 8 iX-am\w hf¿®
{]Xo-£n-°p-∂p. BtKmf \nt£-]-Iÿm-]-\-ß-fpsS
C°-tWm-anIv hn`m-K-
Øn-ep-ff `qcn-]-£hpw F´p iX-am-\-
Øn¬ Xmsgbmbn-cn°pw C¥y≥ hf¿®sb∂v
hnen-bn-cp-Øp-∂p. C¥y≥ Pn Un
]n hf¿® 7.2 iX-am-\-Øn-tebv°v Xmgpsa-∂m-Wv
tam¿K≥ Ãm≥en-bpsS IW-°q-
Iq-´¬.
tkh-\-ta-Je Pqsse-bn¬ hf¿®
ImWn-®-t∏mƒ am\p-^m-IvN-dnwKv taJ-ebn¬
Xf¿®. F®v Fkv _n kn
am¿°n‰n _n-kn-\kv BIvSn-hn‰n kqNnI
\evIp∂ kqN-\-bn-Xm-Wv. 400 Iº-\n-IfpsS
CSn-bn¬ \S-Ønb k¿th-bn¬
tkh-\-ta-J-e-bnse kqNnI PqWnse
56.1- t]mbn‚n¬\n∂v 58.2 t]mbn‚ntebv°v
Db¿∂p. F∂m¬ am\p-^m-IvNdnwKv
kqNnI PqWnse 55.3
t]mbn‚n¬\n∂v 53.6 t]mbn‚m-bn. Ccp-
]Xp amksØ G‰hpw Ipd am\p-
^m-IvN-dnwKv t]mbn‚m-Wn-Xv.
Iº-\n-I-fpsS \S-∏p-h¿j-Ønse
BZy-Izm¿´¿ ^e-߃ {]Xo-£-®-Xpt]mse
tami-am-bn-√. Iº-\n-I-fpsS hcpam\w
anI® hf¿® t\S-b-t∏m¬ A‰m-
Zmb hf¿® Ipd-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. \mWys∏-cp-∏sØ
Aa¿Øp-hm-\mbn dnk¿hv
_mv \b-]-en-i-bn¬ hcp-Ønb h¿[-\-
bpsS ^ew Iº-\n-I-fpsS ^e-Øn¬
{]Xn-^-en®p XpS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
^ew ]pd-Øp-hn´ 2000 Iº-\n-I-fpsS
hn‰p-h-chv ap≥h¿j-tØ-°mƒ 26.3 iXam\w
hf¿® t\Sn-b-t∏mƒ A‰m-Zm-b
hf¿® 19 iX-am-\-am-Wv. am¿®n-e-h-km-
\n® Izm¿´-dn-enXv 22 iX-am-\-am-\hpw
Unkw-_-dn¬ Ah-km-\n® Izm¿´-dn¬ 14
iX-am-\-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ct∏m-gsØ kml-
N-cy-Øn¬ hcpw Izm¿´-dp-I-fn¬ CXv
ho≠pw Ipd-bp-hm-\mWv km[y-X. am¿®v
Izm¿´-dns\ At]-£n®v Pq¨ Izm¿´dn¬
Iº-\n-I-fpsS hcp-am\w 3.1 iX-am-
\hpw A‰m-Zmbw 23.77 iX-am-\hpw CSnhp
ImWn-®n-´p-≠v. F∂m¬ ]eni _m[yX
12.46 iX-am\w Db¿® ImWn-®p.
F^v F^v sF
hnev]\
hntZ-i-\n-t£-]-I-ÿm-]-\-߃ HmK-
Ãn¬ h≥ hnev]-\-bmWv \S-Øn-b-Xv.
Ppsse-bn¬ 7411.10 tImSn cq]-bpsS s\‰v
hmß-¬ \S-Ønb hntZ-i-\n-t£-]-I-ÿm-
]-\-ß-ƒ HmKÃv 22 hsc 8279 tImSn
cq]-bpsS s\‰v hnev]\ \S-Øn. CtXmsS
Cu Ie-≠¿ h¿j-Øn¬ Ah-cpsS s\‰v
\nt£]w GXm≠v ]qPy-am-Wv. hn]-Wn-
I-fpssS A¥-co£w A\n-›n-X-Xz-Øn-emsW-nepw
2008-˛¬ I≠-Xp-t]m-ep-ff Hcp
hnev]-\bv°v hntZ-i-\n-t£-]-I-ÿm-]-\-
߃ Xbm-dm-Ip-∂n√ F∂-XmWv hkvXp-
X. ImcWw C¥y-bpsS hf¿®m-km-[yX
Xs∂. {]Xn-Iq-e-hm-h-ÿ-bn¬ 8 iX-am-
\-Øn-\-SpØv kmº-ØnI hf¿® t\Sp-
∂ cmPysØ hn´p t]mIp-hm≥ \nt£-
]-I¿ aSn-°pw. Ct∏m-gsØ CSnhv C¥y≥
Hml-cn-Isf BI¿j-I-amb ÿnXn-bntebv°v
FØn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW∂v ]e
A\-en-Ãp-Ifpw Icp-Xp-∂p.
C¥y≥ hn]-Wn-bn¬ C{Xbpw CSn-hp-
≠m-bXv Cu ]m\nIv H∂p-sIm≠v am{Xam-Wv.
C¥y≥ kmº-ØnI hf¿®
Ct∏mgpw F´p iX-am-\-Øn\p Np‰-f-hn¬
\S∏p-h¿jw {]Xo-£-C-°p-I-bm-Wv.
BtKmf kmº-ØnI ÿnX hj-fmbn
\nev°p∂ kml-N-cy-Ønepw 7.6 iX-am\w
hf¿® t\Sp-sa-∂mWv BtKmf \nt£-]-
I-ÿm-]-\-߃ hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂-Xv.
ASpØ GXm\pw amk-tØbv°v
hn]Wn Zp¿_-e-ambn XpS-cp-sa-∂mWv
F®v Fkv _n kn No^v Kvtfm_¬
CIzn‰n kv{Sm‰-PnÃv Kmcn Chm≥kns‚
A`n-{]m-bw. \mWy-s∏-cp∏w Ipd-bmsX
\nev°p-Ibpw kmº-Øn-I-h-f¿® Ipdbp∂
{]h-WX ImWn-°p-I-bpw sNøp∂
{]h-WX Hmlcn hn]-Wn-Iƒ°v ]‰n-b-
X-√. C¥y-bn¬ AXmWv Ct∏mƒ ImWp-
∂-Xv.
kqNn-I-bn¬ t\m°p-∂-Xn\p ]Icw
aqey-ap-ff Iº-\n-I-fpsS Hml-cn-I-fn¬
{i≤ tI{µo-I-cn-°p-hm-\mWv FU¬hokv
Im∏n-‰-ens‚ ssitejv tat\m≥ \nt£-
]-I¿°p \evIp∂ D]-tZ-iw. \√ coXnbn¬
amt\Pv sNøp-∂, Ipd sU‰v
Df-f, ÿnc-X-bp-ff {]h¿Ø-\-em`
am¿Pn≥ t\Sp∂, anI® Ak-‰p-ff, \√
Unhn-U≥Uv \evIp∂ Iº\nI-fpsS
Hml-cn-Iƒ \nt£-]-Øn-\mbn sXc-s-
Sp-°pI.
bp Fkns‚ td‰nwKv Ipd®v {][m\
kw`-h-am-Wv. Xo¿®-bmbpw hn]-Wn-Iƒ
{]Xn-I-cn°pw. AXp kzm`m-hn-I-am-Wv. C-
¥y-bn¬ bp Fknte-Xp-t]m-ep-ff A¥co-£-an-s√∂pw
Bkq-{X-W-°-Ωo-j≥
D]m-[y-£≥ samt≠IvknwKv Aep-hmenb
]d-bp-∂p. XmevIm-en-I-ambn C¥y≥
hn]-Wn-bn¬\n∂v ]Ww ]n≥ hen-°-s∏-
´mepw AXv Xnc-®p-h-cp-sa∂pw At±lw
]d-bp-∂p. 2008-˛se kw`-h-߃°p-tijw
C¥y-bn-tebv°v hntZ-i-\n-t£]w Hgp-Insb-Ønepw
thK-Øn¬ CØ-hW Hgp-°p-
≠m-Ip-sa-∂m-Wv At±-l-Øns‚ {]Xo-£.
Hmlcn hn]-Wn°v
{]bm-k-Imew
ASpØ Bdp-amkw Hmlcn hn]-Wn-
Isf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw G‰hpw {]bmk-I-c-amb
A¥-co-£-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v
BtKmf \nt£-]-ÿm-]-\-amb tam¿K≥
Ãm≥en A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.
bqtdm-]y≥, bp Fkv hn]-Wn-I-fnse
Ipg-∏-߃ C¥y≥ hn]-Wn°v KpW-am-
Ip-sa-∂mWv Aa≥k Im∏n-‰-ens‚
BImiv {]-Im-ins‚ A`n-{]m-bw. BtKmf
hn-]Wn A¥-co£w tami-am-sW-nepw
C¥y BI¿j-I-am-sW∂v At±lw ]dbp-∂p.
Ct∏m-gsØ kml-N-cy-Ønepw
C¥y-bpsS Zo¿L-Ime hf¿®m-IY XpScp-sa∂pw
At±lw ]d-bp-∂p.
Fa¿PnwKv hn-]-Wn-Iƒ Hcn-°¬°qSn
anI® {]I-S\w ImgvN hbv°p-hm-\p-ff
Xbm-sd-Sp-∏n-em-sW-∂mWv BtKmf
\nt£-]-I-ÿm-]-\-amb s{IUn‰v kpknbpsS
C≥sh-Ãvsa‚v IΩn‰n ko\n-b¿
AssUz-k¿ AwK-amb tdm_¿´v ]m¿°¿
]d-bp-∂p.
BtKmf hf¿®m-°p-dhv G‰hpw
Ipdhv _m[n-°pI C¥y-sb-bm-sW∂v
Pntbm-kv]n-b¿ Im∏n-‰-ens‚ Ac-hnµv
kmwK¿ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. Ign- Znhk-ß-fnse
CSn-thmsS BtKmf hn]-Wbnse
G‰hpw tami-amb Ahÿ Ign-
p-sh-∂mWv At±-l-Øns‚ A`n-{]mbw.
\mWy-s∏-cp∏w Ipd-bp∂ {]h-WX
ImWn-®m¬ C¥y≥ hn]-Wn-bn¬
Bizmk dmen {]Xo-£n-°m-sa∂pw
At±lw Iq´n-t®¿°p-∂p. 2012-˛¬ C¥y
C-t∏m-g-tØ-°mƒ anI® ÿXn-bn-em-bncn-°pw.
dnk¿hv _mv Ah-cpsS ]eni-\n-c°v
h¿[\ ]cn-]mSn Ah-km-\n-
∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. CtXmsS C¥y≥
hn]Wn t]mko-‰o-hmbn {]Xn-I-cn-°pw.
BtKmf ÿnXnbpw C¥ybv°v A\p-
Iq-e-am-Ipw. BtKmf kºZvLS\-bnse
hf¿® Ipd-hm-sW-nepw Itam-Un‰n
hne-Iƒ Ipd-bp-∂Xpw ÿncX t\Sp-
∂Xpw C¥ybv°v A\p-Iqe LS-I-ßfm-Wv.
AXn-\m¬ \nt£]w \S-Øm≥
B{K-ln-°p-∂-h¿ Ct∏mƒ hm߬ XpSßpI.
ASpØ 1˛2 h¿jw ImØn-cn-
°p-I. Xo¿®-bmbpw 2012 h¿jw 2011˛t\-°mƒ
sa®-am-bn-cn-°pw-˛-kmw-K¿
\nt£-]-I-tcmSv ]d-bp-∂p.
Ct∏m-gsØ kml-N-cy-Øn¬ hn]-
Wn-bn¬ henb apt∂-‰-Øn-s\m∂pw
km[y-X-bn-√. hn]Wn sa®-s∏-´m¬
t]mepw 5200-˛5300 td©n¬ i‡-amb
{]Xn-tcm-[-ap-s≠-∂mWv A\-en-Ãp-IfpsS
hne-bn-cp-ج. Ign Ipsd
Izm¿´-dp-I-fn¬ hnI-knX cmPy-ß-fntebpw
Fa¿PnwKv cmPy-ß-fn-tebpw hn]-
Wn-I-tf°mƒ tamiw {]IS\-amWv
C¥y≥ hn]-Wn ImgvN h®p t]m∂-Xv.
G-Xm≠ c≠p h¿j-ambn CXmWv
ÿnXn. F∂m¬ Ct∏m-gsØ CSn-hn¬
C¥y≥ hn]-Wn-bnse XmgvN BtKmf
hn]-Wn-I-fp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øptºmƒ
Ipd-hm-Wv. C¥y≥ hn]Wn
t_m´w Hu´v Btbm C√tbm F∂
Bi-b-°p-g-∏-Øn-emWv \nt£-]-I¿.
Zo¿L-Im-e-Øn¬ C¥y≥ hn]Wn
anI® dnt´¨ t\Sn-Ø-cp-sa-∂mWv hnZ-
Kv[-cp-sS-sb√mw hne-bn-cp-ج.
Fnepw kq£n-°-W-sa-∂m-Wv AhcpsS
A`n-{]m-bw. ImcWw Ct∏m-gsØ
BtKmf°pg-∏-ß-fn¬\n∂v C¥y≥ hn-
]-Wn°v am{Xw amdn \nev°p-hm≥ km[n-
°p-I-bn-s√∂v Ah¿ Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p.
Ct∏m-gsØ hn]-Wn-bn¬\n∂v i‡-cmb-h¿
amdn \nev°p-I-bm-Wv. ASpØ 5˛6
amk-߃°p-≈n¬ Imcy-߃°v sXfnhm-Ip-sa-∂mWv
sden-K¿ skIyq-cn-‰okv
dos´-bn¬ dntk¿®v Xe-h\pw FIvkn-
Iyq-´ohv sshkv {]kn-U‚p-amb cmtPjv
Pbn-\ns‚ A`n-{]m-bw. Ct∏m-gsØ \nebn¬\n∂v
7˛10 iX-am\w CSnhv
At±lw {]Xo-£n-°p-∂p.
kmt-Xn-I-ambn C¥y≥ Hmlcn
hn]Wn Zp¿_-e-am-sW-nepw ASn-ÿm-
\-]-c-ambn Hml-cn-Iƒ Ipd hnen-bnem-sW∂v
{]`p-Zmkv eoem-[dns‚
t]m¿´vt^m-fntbm amt\-Pvsa‚v k¿hokkv
No^v FIvkn-Iyq-´ohv Hm^o-k¿
kµo]v k_¿hmƒ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.
hn]Wn Xn-cn®p hcp-∂n-X\p apºv
Aev]w IqSn Xmtgbv°p t]mtb-°msa∂pw
At±lw Iq´n-t®¿°p-∂p.
BtKmf hn]-Wn-Isf kzm[o-\n-
°p∂ c≠p Imcy-ß-fmWv {][m-\-am-bn-
´p-f-f-Xv. BZy-tØXv bp Fkv kº-ZvL-
S-\-bpsS hf¿®m-°p-d-hm-Wv. 2011- c≠mw
]Ip-Xn-bn¬ bp Fkv anI® hf¿®-bntebv°v
Xncn-®p-h-cp-sa-∂mWv {]Xo-£n-
®n-cp-∂-Xv. Ct∏m-gsØ kml-N-cy-Øn¬
AXv 2013-˛-tebv°v \ofp-sa-∂mWv Icp-
Xp-∂-Xv. CXv Iº-\n-I-fpsS em`-sØbpw
hcp-am-\-tØbpw _m[n-°pw. kzm-`m-hn-
I-ambn aqey-tØ-bpw. c≠m-asØ Imcyw
bqtdm-tkm-Wtebpw bp Fkn-tebpw
Ipg-∏-ß-tfm-Sp-ff kao-]-\-Ønse A\n-
›n-X-Xz-am-Wv.
bp Fkv sU‰v Ipg-∏-߃ Xo¿®bmbpw
hn]-Wn-bpsS at\m-`mhw s\K-
‰o-hm-°n-bn-´p-s≠-nepw Fa¿PnwKv hn]-
Wn-Iƒ Xma-kn-bmsX BtKmf \nt£-
]-I-cpsS CjvS-s∏´ \nt£-]-cw-K-ambn
amdp-sa∂v _mfv°vtdm°v No^v CIzn‰n
kv{Sm-^vd-PnÃv tdm_¿´v tUmƒ A`n-{]mb-s∏-Sp-∂p.
2012-˛¬ C¥y-bpƒs∏-sS-bpff
hn]-Wn-I-fn-tebv°v ]W-sam-gp-In-sb-
Øp-sa∂v At±lw Iq´n-t®¿°p-∂p.

15
\n[n Im°p∂ `qX-߃
Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-csØ {io ]Zva\m`-kzman
sfm-∂p-an-√. ]W-ap-≠m-°m-\p≈
t£{X-Ønse Aaq-ey-amb \n[n-bmWv
kma¿∞yw Ah¿°p Ipd-hm-bn-cp∂p
C∂v tIc-f-Ønse s]mXp-th-bp≈ N¿®m
Ft∂ Icp-tX-≠p. Bh-iy-Øn\p ]Wap-≠m-bn-cp-s∂-n¬,
As√-n¬ D≠mbn-
hnj-bw.
AXns‚ ]hn-{X-Xtbm Ncn{X
cp∂ ]Ww IcpXn h®n-cp-s∂-n¬,
aqeytam H∂p-a√ ]ecpw hmgvØp-∂-Xv.
Ah¿°pw ac-W-k-a-bØv [\-hm-∑mcm-bncn-°mambn-cp-∂p.
e£w tImSn cq]-sb-s∂ms° ]d-bptºmgpw
tIƒ°p-tºm-gp-ap≈ k{¥mk-ap-
[\-hm-\mbnØs∂ acn-®m¬ AXpsIm≠v
KpWw h√-Xp-apt≠m Fs∂mcp
≠-t√m, AXmWv kPo-h-amb N¿®bv°v
B[m-cw. `K-hm\v ]W-sa-¥n\m F∂p
adp-tNmZyw ChnsS Db-cp-∂p-≠v. Hcmƒ
tNmZn-°p∂p Nne¿. 'ASn®p am‰¬' I≠p
an®w h®p t]mb [\w sIm≠v Pnhn-®ncn-°p-∂-h¿°v
Fs¥-nepw KpWw In´p-
a\ p aSpØ a‰p Nne¿, B \n[n
Aßs\ Xs∂ kwc-£n-°-W-sa∂v Bhiy-s∏-Sp-∂p.
Xs∂-bm-Wv. Pohn-®n-cp-∂-t∏mtgm Abm-sfsa-n¬
[\m-hm-\mbn acn-°p-∂Xv \√Xp
As√-nepw Aß-s\-bmWv \ΩpsS
s°m≠v Hcp KpW-hp-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p, F¥mbmepw
acn®t∏mƒ a‰p-≈-h¿°v C{Xbpw
Pohn-X-ho-£Ww Xs∂. Ab¬]-°-°mcs‚
{]uVnbpw kmº-Øn-I-ta-∑bpw
KpW-sa-nepw In´n-bt√m F∂ \√
t]¿Øpw t]¿Øpw FSpØp ]d-bm≥
hm°n\v B an®w Ah-k-c-ap-≠m-°p-∂p.
]ecpw ImWn-°p∂ IuXpIw {i≤n-®n-
]Ww F∂Xv temI-Øn¬ G‰hpw
´nt√ "tlm, ]p≈n-°m-c≥ C-t∏m-sgmcp
i‡-am-b -B-bp-[-am-Wv. ]Ww sIm≠v
hoSp h®n-´p≠v tIt´m, Hcp aq∂p aq∂c
bp≤-ß-fp-≠m-°m-\m-Ipw. bp≤w XS-bm\pw
tImSn cq]-sb-nepw Bbn-°m-Wpw. Rßsfmcp
aXn-em. A∏ptdmw C∏p-tdmw. tlm,
{]tNm-Z-\-am-Wv. Pohn-°m\pw {]W-bn-
]Ww klm-bn-°pw. a\p-jy\v ]Ww Hcp
H∂p ImWWw F‚n-jvSm, ASp-°-tfse
°m\pw bp≤w sNøm\psams°-bp≈
^n‰nw-Kn-kn\p-am{Xw ]Xn-\©p e£w
{]tNm-Z-\w. ]≠p -Im-esØ ]S-tbm-´-߃
cp]-sb-nepw Bbn-°mWpw. C‰m-en-b≥
shdp-tX-bp≈ IpXn-c-k-hm-cn-I-fm-bn-cpam¿_nfm
hoSp apgp-h≥ ]mIn-bn-cn-°p-∂-
∂n√t√m. A\¥amb \n[n tXSn-bp≈
Xv. AsX-ß-\m, _mn¬ am{Xw C\ow
B{I-a-W-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂nt√
ImWpw ]p≈n°v Ccp-]Xp tImSn-sb-
F\n-°n∂pw DØcw In´mØ Nne
nepw ....' Cßs\ B alXzw F{X -
tNmZy-ß-fp-≠v. Cßs\ ]S-tbm-´-߃ \St\-c-sa-nepw
h¿Wn-°m≥ Ah¿°v Hcp
Ønb N{I-h¿Øn-am¿ kzcq-]n®p h®sX√mw
FhnsS Atim-I-s\-t∏m-se-
aSn-bp-an-√. ]fl-\m-`-kzman t£{X-Ønse
\n[n-sb-°p-dn®p≈ ]{X-hm-¿-Ø-Iƒ hmbn-
bp≈ Nne N{I-h¿Øn-am¿ Xß-fpsS
®Xv F{X tcmam-©-tØm-sS-bm-Wv.
kºm-Zy-ß-sf√mw ]n¬°m-eØv Poh-Imcp-Wy-{]-h¿Ø\-߃-°mbn
am‰n
C\n, Ab¬]-°-°m-cs‚ kº-Øn¬
IÆp ISn-bp-s≠-n¬ Abm-fn-ßs\ ]p-Ø≥ t\m´ns‚ aWhpw ]pXnb ss]k t]mep-an-s√-nepw k¬]-Øn¬ hs®∂pw Aßs\ Ah-cpsS ]n≥X-eapd
]m∏-cmbn Pohn-s®∂pw thW-sa-n¬
]Ww kºm-Zn®p Iq´p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®p \mW-b-Øns‚ Inep-°hpw Xn-f-°hpw ]-W-hp-ambn A`n-c-an-°pI kpJ{]Z-amWv
Ip‰w ]d-bm\pw XpS-ßpw. icn-bmb am¿K- F¥p ck-am-Wv. ]W-sØ-°p-dn®p F√m-h¿°pw. AhnsS ]W-ap-≈-h\pambp≈
am\-kn-I-amb XmZmflyw {]m]n- ep≈ cmPm-°-∑m¿ Xß-fpsS k¿h-kzhpw
k-¬-]n-°mw. am¿Øm-WvU-h¿a-sb-t∏m-
Øn-eq-sS-b√ Abmƒ Cu ]W-ap-≠m-°p- kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xpw kpJ-ap≈ Imcy-amWv
∂Xv F∂p ]d-bpw. \ΩpsS hnizm-k-aß-s\-bm-Wv,
Cu \m´n¬ icn-bmb am¿K- ∂p t]mIp∂ kpJw \¬Ip-a-Xv. AXpbnse
]Ww \ΩpsS ]WamsW∂ Ab- sb∂pw k-¬-]n-°mw. ]t£
Nne¿°v. -]Ww kz¥w ssII-fn-eqsS IS- °¬ \S-°p-∂p-≠v. Ah-cpsS Ae-am-c-
t£{X-߃°v Xr∏-Sn-Zm\w \S-Øn-
Øn-eqsS ]W-ap-≠m°m-\mhp-I-bn√ sIm-≠mWv Ab¬°m-cs‚ ssIbnse Ym¿∞-amb Hcp kz]v\w. kap{ZKp]vX-s\bpw N{µ-Kp-]vX-s\bpw
F∂v. "Atøm, ]p≈nsb tZ \n°-dp-an-´p- ]W-sØ-°p-dn®p \mw hmtXm-cmsX Zcn-{Z-\mbn P\n-°pI F∂Xv hnj-aap≈
Imcy-a-√, F∂m¬ Zcn-{Z-\mbn acn- b-sXms° Fßs\ C√m-Xmbn AtXm
t]mep≈ N{I-h¿Øn-am¿ kºm-Zn®p Iq´n-
\-S-°p∂ Imew apX¬°v F\n-°-dn-bmw. kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv. dnk¿hv _mv sNÃn¬
ap°n-semcp apdp-°m≥ ISbm BZy-ap≠mbn-cp-∂-Xv.
]ns∂ Hcn-°¬ th-e-∏s‚ Xz-sØ-°p-dn®v Bsc-nepw kwkm-cn-°m-
sNm√p-≠v. P\-\w -sIm≠p -Z-cn-{Z\msW- Ct∏mgpw Hfnp InS-°p-∂p-≠m-Iptam
A´nbn-cn-°p∂ t\m´p sI´p-I-fpsS al- °p-I-sb∂Xv A]-am-\-IcamWv Fs∂mcp Ahbpw Fhn-sStbm \n[n-I-fmbn
I≈-t\m´p In´n-sb-t∂m, I≈-°-SØp dpt≠m F∂m¬ \m´n¬ ]en-ibv°v nepw Nne¿°v [\-hm-\mbn Pohn-°m-\m- Kp]vX-km-{am-Py-Øn-sebpw a‰pw kz¿W-
XpS-ßn-sbt∂m Hs° ]td-∂Xp ]Ww sImSp-°p∂hs‚ sNdnb tem°¿ Ipw. IjvSs∏-´p-≠m-°p∂ ]W-a-{Xbpw \m-W-b-߃ ]n¬°m-eØv Ncn-{X-K-th-jtIƒ°mw.
F¥m-bmepw Ct∏m tZ Xpd∂p I≠m¬ AsX-°p-dn®v \mep-t]- sIm≠v kpJ-ambn Pohn-°p-I. AXm-Wh-cpsS
e£yw. HSp-hn¬ H∂p-an-√mØ N{I-h¿Øn-am¿ kzcq-]n® Af-h‰ a‰v
I--∑m¿°v e`n-®n-´p-≠t√m At∏mƒ Cu
RßsS \m´nse P∑nbm ]p≈n. ]t£ tcm-sS-nepw ]d-bmsX \ap-°p-d°w
D≈Xp ]d-b-W-a-t√m, Ct{Xw ]W-ap-≠mbn´pw,
tZ, Rß-sf-sbms° ImWp-tºmgpw °m-cpsS Imcy-ß-sf-°p-dn®v \√Xpw `qan-bn-te°p hcp-tºmƒ H∂pw sIm≠p Ncn-{X-Øns‚ Ccp-f-S CS-\-gn-I-fn-
hcnI-bp-an-√. AXp-t]mse Xs∂ ]W- Ah-ÿ-bn¬Øs∂ acn-°p-I. \mw Cu kºm-Zy-߃s°-¥p- ]-‰n
B ]gb ASpt∏mw kvt\tlmap≠v.' NoØbpw ]d-bm\pw \ap-°n-jvS-am-Wv. hcp-∂n-√. AXp-sIm≠v Xncn®p t]mIptºmgpw
H∂pw sIm≠p t]mIp-∂n√ Ad-I-fp-≠m-Ipw. Ah-bv°p-≈n¬ \sΩ
setßm C\nbpw Xpd-°-s∏-SmØ clky
F∂p- ]-d-bpw. Abmƒ [\-hm-\m-b-Xnep≈
Akqbsb adn-I-S-°m≥ Hcp kq{X-
A\ys‚ ]Ww \ap°v N¿®m-hn-j-bam- Fs∂mcp thZm¥hpw ]d-t-°pw. CXn- A¤p-X-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ \n[n-Ipw-`-ß-fpw.
Hs´mcp Akq-b-tbm-sSbmbmepw
amWv Ah-km\w ]d \√ -hm-°v. Wv. Imc-W-sa-s¥-t∂m, t]m°-‰n¬ ]Øp \p-≈n¬ A{X henb thZm¥c-l-ky-ß-
{Ko°ns‚ ÿnXn ho≠pw IjvS-am-Ip∂p
ISw Xncn-®-S-bv°p-∂-Xn¬ hogvN hcp-
Øp-∂-Xn¬\n∂v {Kokns\ c£n-°p-hm≥
bqtdm bqWn-b≥ Pqsse 21-˛-\mWv Xocpam-\-sa-Sp-Ø-Xv.
CtXmsS bqtdm tkm¨
sU‰v {]iv\-Øn\v ia\w hcp-sa∂v {]Xo-
£n-®-h¿ Gsd-bmWv. Hcp amkw Ign-tX-bp-f-fp.
Imcy-߃ IqSp-X¬ hj-fm-hp-
I-bm-Wv.
{Kokns\ klm-bn-°p-hm≥ Xbm-dp-ff-h¿
Ct∏mƒ \n_-‘-\-Iƒ h®p XpSßn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
{Kokn\v sImSp-°p∂
hmbv]bv°v skIyq-cn‰n thsW-sa-∂mWv
^n≥e≥Uv Bh-iy-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
Hmkv{Sn-b, s\X¿e≥Uvkv, kvtfmth-\nb
XpS-ßnb cmPy-ßfpw CtX Bh-iy-ap-∂bn-°p-∂p.
{Ko°v Icm-dns\ hot‰m sNøpsa-∂mWv
U®v [\-Im-cy-a{¥nbpsS `oj-
Wn.
c≠mw c£m-]≤Xn bqtdm bqWn-b≥
AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\p apºp-ff ÿnXn-bntebv°v
t_m≠v bo¬Uv FØp-I-bm-Wv.
Npcp-°-Øn¬ bqtdm-tkm-Wnse
sU‰v {]iv\w aq¿—n-°p-I-bm-Wv. Hcp
]t£ bp Fkns‚ s{IUn‰v td‰nwKv
Hcp t]mbn‚v Ipd-®Xpw sU‰v koenwKv
kw_-‘n® dn∏-_vfn-°≥ \nb-{¥-W-Ønep-ff
tIm¨{Kkpw sUtam-{Im-‰nIv {]kn-
U‚pw XΩn-ep-ff X¿°hpw CXp-amb
X´n®p t\m°p-tºmƒ H∂p-a-√.
bpsdm-tkm-Wns‚ lrZbw hsc sU‰v
Ipg-∏-߃ FØn-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂mWv
ASp-Ø-bnsS bqtdm-]y≥ bqWn-b≥ ap∂dn-bn∏v
\evIn-b-Xv.
bqtdm-∏nse G‰hpw henb aq∂masØ
kº-ZvL-S-\-bmb C‰-enbpw \memasØ
kº-ZvL-S-\-bmb kvs]bn\pw
Unt^mƒ´ns‚ h°n-em-Wv. Chsc c£-
C-°p-hm≥ bqtdm tkmWn\v Ign-bp-tamsb-∂-XmWv
temIw D‰p t\m°p-∂-Xv.
1931˛ \v tij-ap-ff G‰hpw henb
_mnwKv ss{Ikn-ko-eq-sS-bmWv bqtdm]v
\oßp-∂-sX-∂mWv A\-en-Ãp-Iƒ A`-n-
{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
bqtdm-∏nse ]h¿ lukp-I-fmb
P¿a-\nbpw {^m≥kpw bqtdm sU‰v
{]iv\-sØ-°p-dn®v N¿® sNbvXp hcn-Ibm-Wv.
{^m≥kv t]mepw Ct∏m-gsØ
Ipg-∏-Øn¬\n∂v ap‡-a-√m-sb-∂-XmWv
ÿnXn. P¿a\n am{X-amWv i‡-ambn
\ne-\n-ev°p-∂-Xv. C‰-en-tbbpw kvs]bn-
\-t\bpw c£n-°-W-sa-n¬ Ipd-Xv
44000 tImSn bqtdm Bh-iy-ap-s≠-∂mWv
hne-bn-cp-ج.
P¿a-\n-bpsS hnap-J-Xbpw Ct∏mgsØ
{]iv\-߃ Kpcp-X-c-am-°p-sa∂v
Icp-Xp-∂p. bqtdm-∏ns\ IS-s°-Wnbn¬\n∂v
c£n-°p-hm≥ bqtdm bqW-b-
\n¬s∏-´-h¿ F√m-hcpw IqSn Xocp-am-\-
sa-Sp-Øn-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. AXn-\p-k-cn®v ISw
Xmßp-hm≥ Ign-hp-ff cmPy-߃ IsS-s°-
Wn-bn-em-b-hsc klm-bn-°p-I. ]I-c-ambn
kmº-ØnI ]cn-jvIm-c-߃°v B cmPy߃
hgß-Ww. Cu efn-X-amb t^m¿ape-bn¬
\oßp-hm≥ F√m-hcpw kΩ-Xn-
®mWv ]ncn--Xv.
Hcp Imcyw IqSn {]Jym-]n-t°-≠n-bncn-°p-∂p.
bqtdm-∏ns‚ ISw F√m-h-cptSbpw
IqSn-bm-Wv. AXv bqtdm∏v Xncn-®-Sbv°pw.
]t£ C°m-cy-Øn¬ bqtdm-∏nse
Hcp cmPy-Øns‚ ssIsbm∏v thWw. P¿a-
\-bp-sS. ImcWw Ct∏mƒ P¿a-\n°p
am{Xta Cu ISw Xncn-®-S-bv°p-∂-Xn¬
klm-bn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bq. F∂m¬ P¿a\n
CØ-c-samcp Dd∏v \evIp-hm≥ hnap-JX
ImWn-°p-I-bmWv.
P¿a\n Ct∏mƒ Hcp km[mcW cmPyambn
amdn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ah-cpsS
tZiob Xmev]cyw _en-I-gn®v bqtdm-
]ys‚ Xmev]cyw c£n-°m≥ P¿a\n
Xbm-dm-Ip-∂n-√. F∂n´pw B©e
sa¿°¬ bqtdm-∏nse Zp¿_e cmPy-ßsf
c£n-°p-hm-≥ klmbw \evIp-hm≥ Xbmdm-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-sW∂v
Bfp-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂-
Xv. F∂m¬ s]mXp-P-\-hn-Imcw AXn-s\-
Xn-cm-sW-∂-XmWv hkvXp-X.
SEPTEMBER 2011

16
^≠v A-ssUz-kv- s^-_n≥-
F®vUnF^vkn tIm¿ B≥Uv
km‰-sse‰v t{KmØv
F≥ F hn ˛37.49 cq]
52 BgvN-bnse Db¿∂ F≥ F hn˛ 46.02 cq]
52 BgvN-bnse Xmgv∂ F≥ F hn˛ 37.05 cq]
A‰ BkvXn ˛ 423.31 tImSn cq] (30˛06-˛2011)
Ak-‰ns‚ 90 iX-am-\hpw Hml-cn-
I-fnepw Hml-cn-b-[n-jvTnX D]-I-c-W-ßfnepw
\nt£-]n®v Zo¿L-Im-e-Øn¬ aqe-
[\ hf¿® e£y-an-Sp∂ ]≤-Xn-bmWv
F®v Un F^v kn ayqNz¬ ^≠ns‚
F® Un F^v kn tIm¿ B≥Uv km‰-
sse‰v t{KmØv. \nt£-]-Øn¬ em¿Pv
Im]v Hml-cn-Iƒ°mWv ap≥Xq-°-sa-nepw
anUvIm-]v, kvtamƒ Im]v Hml-cn-Iƒ°pw
\√ ]m-Wp-f-f-Xv. t]¿ kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-
Xp-t]mse tIm¿ {Kq∏n¬ IqSp-X-em-bpffXv
em¿Pv Im]v Hml-cn-I-fm-Wv. km‰-
sse‰v hn`m-K-Øn¬ ap≥Xq°w anUvIm-
]v, kvtamƒ Im]v Hml-cn-Iƒ°m-Wv.
Fnepw 2500 tImSn cq] hn]Wn aqey-
Øn\p Xmsg-bp-ff Iº-\n-Iƒ \nt£-]-
Øn-\mbn sXc-s-Sp-°m-dn-√.
2004 sk]v‰w-_-dn¬ Bcw-`n®
]≤Xn 7 h¿jw ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-I-bm-Wv.
{]h¿Ø\w XpS-ßn-bXp apX¬ 23.08
iX-am\w hm¿jnI dnt´¨ \evIn-bn-´p-
≠v. _©vam¿°mb _n Fkv C 200
kqNn-I-tb-°mƒ anI® dnt´¨ ^≠n\v
t\Sp-hm≥ Ign-n-´p-≠v. Hcp h¿j-°m-
aƒ´n-Im]v \nt£]-ti-J-c-Øn¬ 38
Hml-cn-I-fmWpf-f-Xv. C≥t^m-knkv (8.90
iX-am-\w), Sn kn Fkv ( 7.43 iX-am-
\w), _mv Hm^v _tdmU (6.28 iX-am-
\w), kn]vf (4.92iX-am-\w), Caman (5.15
iX-am-\w), t{Imw]vS¨ (4.57 iX-am-\w),
F≥ Sn ]n kn (4.09 iX-am-\w), kpµcw
^mkvtWgvkv (3.75 iX-am-\w), kZv`hv
eØv 8.71 iX-am\hpw ( Im‰-Kdn icmicn
3.65 iX-am\w; \n^v‰n hcp-am\w 6.83 kn ( 3.22 iX-am-\w), _n ]n kn F¬
F≥Pn-\o-b-dnwKv (4.03 iX-am-\w), sI C
iX-am-\w; _nFkv C 200 dnt´¨ 3.61 iXam\w;
Fkv sF ]n dnt´¨ 0.39 iX-am\w) sF Sn kn (3.08 iX-am-\w) XpS-ßnb
(3.24 iX-am-\w), s_¬ (3.28 iX-am-\w),
aq∂p h¿j-°m-eØv 23.41 iX-am\hpw ( Hml-cn-I-fmWv ^≠ns‚ \nt£-]-ti-Jc-Øn-s‚
ap≥\n-c-bn-ep-f-f-Xv.
Im‰-Kdn icm-icn 15.44 iX-am\w; \n^v‰n
hcp-am\w 12.20 iX-am-\w; _nFkv C 200 F≥Pn-\o-b-dnw-Kn-emWv G‰hpw
dnt´¨ 12.71iX-am\w; Fkv sF ]n IqSp-X¬ \nt£-]w. 16.34 iX-am-\w.
dnt´¨ 20.42 iX-am\w ) A©v h¿j-°meØv
14.98 iX-am\hpw ( Im‰-Kdn icm-
(12.37iX-am\w), F^v Fw kn Pn (12.95
sSIvt\m-fPn ( 16.33 iX-am-\w), F\¿Pn
icn 14.93 iX-am\w; \n^v‰n hcp-am\w 12.70 iX-am\w), sl¬ØvsI-b¿ (4.92 iX-amiX-am-\w;
_nFkv C 200 dnt´¨ 13.13 \w), ^n\m≥jy¬ k¿ho-kkv (6.28 iXam-\w),
I¨kv{S-Ivj≥ (4.03 iX-am-\w),
iX-am\w; Fkv sF ]n dnt´¨ 17.25 iXam\w
) dnt´¨ t\Sn-bn-´p-≠v. sIan°¬kv (1.67 iX-am-\w), ssUthgvkn-ss^Uv
(2.30 iX-am-\w) XpS-ßnb
^≠ns‚ BkvXn Ct∏mƒ 423.31
tImSn cq]-bm-Wv. CXn¬ 99.02 iX-am- taJ-e-I-fn-emWv \nt£-]w. Cu ]≤-XnbpsS
F≥ F hn Ct∏mƒ 37.49 cq]-bm-
\hpw CIzn-‰n-bn-emWv \nt£-]n-®n-´p-f-f-
Xv. Imjv Bbn 0.98 iX-am-\hpw kq£n- Wv. Aº-Øn-c≠v BgvN-bnse IqSnb F≥
®n-cn-°p-∂p. CIzn‰n \nt£-]-Øn¬ 46.2 F hn 46.02 cq]bpw Ipd F≥ F hn
iX-am\w em¿Pv Im]v Hml-cn-I-fm-Wv. 37.69 cq]-bp-am-Wv.
anUvIm]v Hml-cn-I-fn¬ 26.09 iX-am\w 2006 apX¬ hn\bv B¿
\nt£-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. kvtamƒ Im]v Hmlcn-I-fnse
\nt£]w 27.7 iX-am-\-am-Wv. apwss_ sF sF Snbn¬\n∂v _n sSIv
Ip¬°¿Wn-bmWv ^≠v amt\-P¿.
FSpØ Ip¬°¿Wn sF sF Sn _mwK-
^nU-en‰n C¥y t{KmØv
fq-cn¬\n∂v ]n Pn Un]vtfm-abpw t\Snbn-´p-≠v.
CXn\v apºv Sm‰ F Fw knbn¬
ko\o-b¿ ^≠v amt\-P-cm-bn-cp-∂p.bp Sn
sF ayqNz¬ ^≠n¬ 13 h¿j-tØmfw
^≠v amt\-P-cmbn {]h¿Øn-®n-´p-≠v. 2010
HmKÃv apX¬ anX≥ emØnb ^≠v
amt\-P-cmbn Ip¬°¿Wn-s°m∏w
tN¿∂n-´p-≠v. CIzn‰n dntk¿®n¬ 9 h¿jsØ
]cn-Nbw emXn-b-bv°p-≠v.
^≠ns‚ {]I-S\w A{X an∂p-∂sXm-∂p-a-s√-nepw
2008-˛-se XI¿®-bv°n-
Sn-bnepw ]nSn®p \nev°p-hm≥ ^≠n\v
km[n®p. anUvIm-]v, kvtamƒ Im]v Hmlcn-I-fn¬
h≥ CSn-hmWv Cu ka-bØv
D≠m-b-Xv. 2009˛¬ 54.57 iX-am\w CSnhp-≠m-bn.
2009-˛¬ 102.3 iX-am\w dnt´¨
t\Sn. 2010-˛¬ 28.31 iX-am-\-amWv dnt´¨.
Ch-sb√mw Im‰-Kdn icm-i-cn-tb°mƒ
anI-®-Xm-Wv. 2011-˛s‚ BZy-Izm¿´-dn¬
F≥F hnbn¬ 6.99 iX-am\w CSn-hp-≠mb-t∏mƒ
c≠mw Izm¿´-dn¬ CSnhv 0.59 iXam-\-ambn
Ipd-p. anUvIm-]v, kvtamƒ
Im]v Hml-cn-I-fn-ep-≠mb Xncn-®p-h-chmWv
Cu {]I-S-\-Øn\v Imc-Ww.
hn]Wn sa®-s∏-Sp∂ kml-N-cyw
Ft∏mƒ D≠m-bmepw ^≠v \√ Xncn®p
hchv \S-Øp-sa∂v Dd-∏m-Wv. 2009-˛se
A\p-`hw Xs∂ DZm-l-c-Ww. AØ-c-Ønep-f-f-XmWv
^≠ns‚ Hml-cn-ti-J-cw.
icm-icn dnkvIpw icm-i-cn°p apI-fn¬
dnt´Wpw {]Xo-£n-°m-hp∂ ^≠m-Wn-Xv.
£a-tbmsS ImØn-cn-°-W-sa∂p am{Xw.
F≥ F hn ˛11.49 cq]
52 BgvN-bnse Db¿∂ F≥ F hn˛13.62 cq]
52 BgvN-bnse Xmgv∂ F≥ F hn˛ 11.34 cq]
A‰ BkvXn ˛ 336.22tImSn cq] (30˛06-˛2011)
2007-˛¬ Hmlcn hn]Wn Db-c-Øn¬
\n∂ ka-bØv Bcw-`n® ^nU-en‰n
C¥y t{KmØv Ipd ka-b-Øn-\p-ffn¬
Xs∂ \nt£-]-I-cpsS {i≤ ]nSn®p
]‰n. hf¿®m Hml-cn-Iƒ°v ap≥Xq°w
\evIn-bn-´p-ff Cu ^≠ns‚ Hml-cn-ti-
J-c-Øn¬ 51 Hml-cn-I-fm-Wp-f-f-Xv. em¿Pv
Im]v-˛-an-UvIm]v Hml-cn-Iƒ A[n-jvTn-Xam-°n-bp-f-f-XmWv
^≠ns‚ \nt£-]-ti-
J-cw. \nt£-]mkvXn-bpsS 93.68 iX-am-
\hpw Hml-cn-bn-em-Wv. a‰v D]-I-c-W-ßfn¬
6.35 iX-am-\-amWv \nt£-]n-®n-´p-ff-Xv.
hmßn kq£n-°p-I-sb∂ \nt£-
]-X-{¥-amWv ^≠v amt\-P¿ kµo]v
tImTmcn kzoI-cn-®n-´p-f-f-Xv. 2007 apX¬
At±-lw-X-s∂-bmWv ^≠v amt\-P¿.
^≠v Bcw-`n-®-t∏mƒ hmßnb 34 Hmlcn-Iƒ
Ct∏mgpw kq£n-®n-´p-≠v. \nt£-
]-Øn¬ 75 iX-am-\-tØmfw em¿Pv Im]v
SEPTEMBER 2011
Hml-cn-IfmWv. anUvIm]v Hml-cn-I-fn¬
17.48 iX-am\w \nt£-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.
kvtamƒ Im]v Hml-cn-I-fnse \nt£]w
5.72 iX-am-\-am-Wv.
[\-Im-cy-tk-h-\-Øn-\m-Wv \nt£-
]-Øn¬ ap≥Xq°w Cu taJ-e-bn¬
BkvXn-bpsS 26.38 iX-am\w \nt£-]n-
®n-cn-°p-∂p. F\¿Pn (13.74 iX-am\w),
sSIvt\m-fPn ( 13.09 iX-am-\w),
sl¬ØvsI-b¿ (6.61 iX-am-\w), k¿hokkv
(5.45 iX-am-\w), F^v Fw kn Pn
(5.73 iX-am\w), ssUth-gvkn-ss^Uv
(5.06 iX-am\w), F\vPn-\o-b-dnwKv (5.06
iX-am-\w), sIan°¬kv (2.78 iX-am-\w),
Hmt´m (2.57 iX-am-\w) F∂o taJ-e-Ifn-emWv
\nt£-]w.
dne-b≥kv C≥U-kv{Sokv ( 7.33iXam-\w),
C≥t^m-knkv (5.36 iX-am-\w),
sF kn sF kn sF _mv (5.37 iXam-\w),
sF Sn kn (4.96 iX-am-\w), F®v
Un F^v kn _mv (4.84 iX-am-\w), Sn
kn Fkv ( 4.46 iX-am-\w), F®v Un
F^v kn (3.21 iX-am-\w), ipP-dmØv
^vfqtdm Im¿_¨ (2.78 iX-am-\w), tUm
sdÕokv (2.39 iX-am-\w), kn]vf (2.77
iX-am-\w), F≥ Fkv C ( 2.47 iX-am-
\w), dmeokv (2.33 iX-am-\w), F¬
B≥Uv Sn (2.22iX-am-\w) XpS-ßnb
Hml-cn-I-fmWv ^≠ns‚ \nt£-]-ti-Jc-Øn-s‚
ap≥\n-c-bn-ep-f-f-Xv.
2008-˛¬ Hmlcn hn]Wn CSn-nt∏mƒ
e`n® Ah-kcw ^≠v \∂mbn
hn\n-tbm-Kn-®p. 2009 am¿®n¬ hn]Wn
apt∂‰w XpS-ßp-tºmƒ ^≠ns‚
ssIhiw Imjv Aev]w am{Xta tijn-
®n-cp-∂p-f-fp. B h¿jw ^≠v 91 iXam\w
dnt´¨ BWv \evIn-b-Xv. _n
Fkv C 200 BWv _©vam¿°v.
^≠ns‚ {]I-S-\-sam∂p ]cn-tim-
[n-°mw. ^≠v Hcp h¿j-°m-eØv 7.98
iX-am\hpw ( Im‰-Kdn icm-icn 4.77 iXam\w;
\n^v‰n hcp-am\w 6.61 iX-am-\w;
_nFkv C 200 dnt´¨ 3.19 iX-am\w;
Fkv sF ]n dnt´¨ 31.51 iX-am\w)
aq∂p h¿j-°m-eØv 18.17 iX-am\hpw
( Im‰-Kdn icm-icn 12.53 iX-am\w;
\n^v‰n hcp-am\w 10.64 iX-am-\w;
_nFkv C 200 dnt´¨ 10.80 iX-am\w;
Fkv sF ]n dnt´¨ 33.80 iX-am\w )
dnt´¨ t\Sn-bn-´p-≠v. ]≤Xn XpS-ßn-b-
Xp-ap-X-ep-ff dnt´¨ ]t£, 5.73 iXam-\-tabp-f-fp.
^≠ns‚ F≥ F hn Ct∏mƒ 11.49
cq]-bm-Wv. Aº-Øn-c≠v BgvN-bn-se
Db¿∂ F≥ F hn 13.62 cq]bpw
Ipd F≥ F hn 11.34 cq]-bp-am-Wv.
em¿Pv Im]v Hml-cn-Iƒ°p ap≥Xq-°-apf-f-Xn-\m¬
CXv Hmlcn hn]-Wn-bpsS
Xncn®p hc-hn¬ anI® dnt´¨ t\Spsa∂v
Dd-∏m-Wv. icm-i-cn°p Xmsg
dnkvIpw sa®-s∏´ dnt´Wpw {]Xo-£n-
°m-hp∂ ]≤-Xn-bm-Wv. {]tXy-In®pw
Fkv sF ]n ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep-ff
dnt´¨ Btcbpw tamln-∏n-°p∂ hn-[-
Øn¬ Db¿∂-Xm-Wv. ^≠v 2007¬ Bcw-
`n-®-t∏mƒ 189 tImSn cq]-bmWv
]ncnp In´n-b-Xv. 2011 am¿®v 31-˛\v
Ak-‰ns‚ hep∏w 317.81 tImSn cq]-bm-
Wv. £a-tbmsS \nt£]w \SØn
ImØn-cn-°p-∂-h¿°v hcpw h¿j-ß-fn¬
anI® dnt´¨ Cu ^≠n¬ \n∂v {]Xo-
£n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
CtX ^≠v amt\-P¿ ssIImcy
sNøp∂ CtX Xc-Øn-ep-ff as‰mcp
]≤-Xn-bmWv ^nU-en‰n CIzn-‰n. CXpw
em¿Pv Im]v Hdn--b‚Uv ]≤-Xn-bm-Wv.
anI® dnt´Wpw ImgvN hbv°p-∂p-≠v.
2005-˛¬ Bcw-`n®v Cu ]≤Xn CXp-hsc
22.98 iX-am\w hm¿jnI dnt´¨ \evInbn-´p-≠v.
CtX coXn-bn-ep-ff dnt´¨
^nU-en‰n C¥y t{KmØn¬\n∂pw
{]Xo-£n-°mw.

A-£-a-s\-n¬- Hm-l-cn-
\n-t£-]w- th-≠-
17
""an-I-®- dn-t´¨- In-´p-sa-∂v- I-cp-Xn-bm-
Rm-\n-hn-sS- \n-t£-]-I-\m-sb-Øn-b-Xv.-
A-∂-sØ- hn-e-bn¬- an-I-®-sX-∂v- ]-ecpw-
ip-]m-¿-i- sN-bv-X- Hm-l-cn-Iƒ- hmßp-I-bpw-
sN-bv-Xp.- ]-t£,- A-h- hmßn-
c-≠p-aq-∂p-am-kw- I-gn--t∏mƒ- A-
h-bp-sS- hn-e- 15 i-X-am-\-tØm-fw- C-Sn-
p.- C-\n- Im-Øn-cp-∂n-´p-Im-cy-an-s√-∂v-
I-cp-Xn- Rm≥- A-h- hn‰p-I-f-p''.- Hml-cn-
hn-]-Wn-bp-sS- am-kv-a-cn-I-X-bn¬- B-
Ir-„-\m-bn,- an-I-®- dn-t´¨- In-´-p-sa-∂v-
{]-Xo-£n-®v- C-hn-sS-sb-Øp-I-bpw,- In-´m-
Ø-Xn¬- a-\w-a-Sp-Øv- s]m-Sp-∂-s\- Cuta-J-e-
D-t]-£n-®p-t]m-hp-I-bqw- sN-bv-
Xp- Cu- \n-t£-]-I≥.-
C-hn-sS- H-cp- Im-cyw {]-tXy-Iw- {i-
≤n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.- an-I-®- dn-t´¨- In-´psa-∂-
{]-Xo-£-bn¬- C-hn-sS- \n-t£-]w-
\-S-Øn-b- C-bmƒ- F-{X- \mƒ-sIm-≠v- X-
\n-°v- Cu- dn-t´¨- In-´p-sa-∂m-Wv- {]-
Xo-£n-°p-∂-Xv.- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- X-s∂-
A-\p-`h-Øn¬- C-Xn-\m-bn- A-t±-lw- Im-
Øn-cp-∂-Xv- tI-h-ew- c-≠v-aq-∂p-am-kw- am-
{Xw-!-
C-hn-sS-bm-Wv- {]-iv-\w.- _m-n-temt]m-kv-‰v-
Hm-^o-kn-tem- ÿn-c-\n-t£-]w-
\-S-Øp-s∂m-cp- \n-t£-]-I≥,- B- \n-c-
hm¿-jn-Ihcn-kw-Jy-
Iq-∏¨-
Hcp h¿-jtØ°v- 100 cq-].-
Un-Un-/sN°v- Voice of Wealth F∂ t]cn-em-bn-cn-°Ww.-
Un-Un- FdWm-Ip-fØv- am-dm-hp-∂Xm-bn-cn-°Ww.-
-Un-Un-/sN°v- \º¿- ..........................................................
Name: Mr/Mrs ..........................................................
Address ..........................................................
District ..........................................................
State ..........................................................
Pin
°v- e-`n-°p-hm≥- aq-t∂m- B-tdm- h¿-j߃-
£-a-tbm-sS- Im-Øn-cn-°pw.- F-
∂m¬- C-Xn-t\-°mƒ- Db¿-∂- dn-t´¨e-`n-°-p-sa-∂-
{]-Xo-£-bn¬- Hm-l-cn- hn-
]-Wn-bn-se-Øp-s∂m-cp- \n-t£-]-I≥s]m-Sp-∂-s\-
A-£-a-\m-Ip-∂p.- Zn-h-k߃-
am-{Xw- Im-Øn-cn-°p-∂-tXm-sS- Cu
ta-J-e-bn-se- \nt£-]-I≥- A-kz-ÿ-\m-
Ip-∂-sX-¥p-sIm-≠m-Wv-
Cu-sbm-cp- Nn-¥m-K-Xn-°v- {]-tXy-I-
Im-c-W-ap-≠v.- s]m-Sp-∂-s\- \m-ev- Im-ip-
≠m-°m\p-s≈m-c-p- D-]-m-[n-bm-bm-Wv- Hml-cn-
hn-]-Wn-sb- ]-e-cpw- k-ao-]n-°p-∂-
Xv.- A-Xp-sIm-≠v- X-s∂- H-cp- \n-t£-]-
I-s‚- a-t\m-`m-h-a-√,- a-dn-®v- H-cp- Du-l-
°-®-h-S-°m-c-s‚- a-t\m-`m-h-am-Wv- A-bmfn¬-
{]-Xn-^-en-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.- A-Xp-≠mhm-sX-
h-cp-tºmƒ- A-bmƒ- s]-s´-∂v- \ncm-i-\m-Ip-∂p.-
Xm-gv-∂- hn-e-bn¬- hn¬-
°p-I-tbm,- ]q¿-Æ-am-bn- Cu- ta-J-e-bn¬-
\n-∂v- a-m-dp-I-tbm- sN-øp-∂p.- F-∂m¬-
\n-t£-]- a-t\m-`-m-h-tØm-sS- Chn-sS- I-
S-∂p-h-cp-s∂m-cmƒ- £-a-tbm-sSm- Im-Øncn-°p-∂p,-
t\-´-ap-≠m-°p-∂p.-
Hm-l-cn- hn-]-Wn-bn-se- \n-t£-]-I¿-
F-∂pw- B-cm-[-\-tbm-sS- t\m-°n-°m-Wp-
∂- hm-d≥- _p-s^-s‚- hm-°p-Iƒ- C-hnsS-
{i-t≤-b-am-Wv.- Hm-lcn- hn-]-Wn-bn¬-
............................Ph:........................
E-mail: ...........................................................
Hcph¿-jsØ hcn-kw-Jy- 100/˛ cq-] Un-Un-/sN°v- Bbn- Ab°p-∂p.-
Address
Circulation Manager, Voice of Wealth, Muthoot Chambers,
Opp. Saritha Theatre Complex, Banerji Road, Kochi- 682
018
Tel: +91 484 2396478, 2394712, Fax: +91 484 2396506
email:voiceofwealth@muthootgroup.com
Iq-Sp-X¬- hnhc߃-°v-:- Circulation Manager
Mobile No. 9656010021
\n-∂v- s]-s´-∂v- ]-W-ap-≠m-°p-hm≥- _ps^-
H-cn-°-epw- {i-an-®ncp-∂n-√.- Xm≥- hmßp-∂-
sj-b-dp-Iƒ- {]Xn-\n-[m-\w- sNøp-∂-
I-º-\n-Iƒ- A-Sp-Ø- Zn-h-kw- X-
s∂- I-®-h-Sw- A-h-km-\n-∏n-°p-sa-∂pw-
A-Sp-Ø- A-©p-h¿-j-tØ-°v- ]q-´n-°n-S-
°p-sa-∂v- I-cp-Xp-∂-Xp-am-Wv- X-s‚- co-Xn-
F-∂v- A-t±-lw- X-s∂- hy-‡-am-°n-bn-
´p-≈-Xm-Wv.- C-Ø-cw- H-cp- Nn-¥m-K-Xn-tbmsS-
Hm-l-cn- hn-]-Wn-bn¬- \n-t£-]-I-\msb-Øn-b-
A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- {]-I-S-\-Øn-
\v- \m-ta-hcpw- km-£n-I-fp-am-Wv.- F-∂m¬km-[m-c-W-°m-c-\m-b-
H-cp- \n-t£-]-It\m-
Xm≥- hm-ßp-∂- sj-b-dp-Iƒ- A-
©v- h¿-j-ß-f-√- 5 Zn-h-k-߃- sI-m-≠vh≥-
h-f¿-®- ssI-h-cn-°p-sa-∂pw- \n-߃-
°v- ssI-\n-d-sb- ]-Ww- t\-Sn-Ø-cp-sa-∂pw-
\mw- hn-iz-kn-°p-∂p.- a-dn-®p- kw-`-h-n-°ptºmƒ-
\-Ω-p-sS- a-\- v- a-Sp-Øp-t]m-Ip-
I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p.-
Hm¿-°p-I,- tem-I- [-\-n-I-cn¬- {]-Y-aÿm-\w-
]-e-{]m-h-iyw- A-e--cn-°m≥hm-d≥-
_p-s^-sb- {]m-]v-X-\m-°n-b-Xv- A-
t±-lw- \-S-Øn- Zo¿-L-Im-e- \n-t£-]-X-
{¥-am-Wv.- Hm-l-cn- hn-]-Wn-bn-se- A-t±l-Øns‚-
hn-P-bc-l-ky-a-dn-bm≥- ]-e-cpw-
]-e-h-´w- {i-an-®p-t\m-°n-b-n-cp-∂p.- h-f-sce-fn-X-am-b,-
B¿-°pw- A-\p-I-cn-°m-hp-∂-
H-∂m-Wv- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- \n-t£-]-X-{¥w.-
]-t£,- F-¥p-sIm-t≠m- hn-]-Wn-bn¬- \nt£-]-I-cm-sb-Øp-∂-h-cn¬-
`q-cn-`m-K-Øn-
\pw- Cu-sbm-cp- X-{¥w A-\p-I-cn-°m\mhm-Ø-Xn-\p-
I-m-c-W-sa-¥m-Wv.-
A-h-cp-sS- a-t\m-`m-hw- X-s∂-bm-Wv-
C-Xn-\v- Im-c-Ww.- _m-n-tem,- t]m-kv-‰v-
Hm-^o-kn-tem- C-X-c- \-n-t£-]-am¿-§-ßfn-tem-
\n-t£-]n-°pw- t]m-se-b-√- C-hnsS-
H-cmƒ- \n-t£-]-I-\m-sb-Øp-∂-Xv.-
Xo¿-Øpw- H-cp- Du-l-°-®-h-S-°m-c-s‚- a-
\-t m-sS- X-s∂-bm-Wv- C-hn-sS- C-h≥-
\n-t£-]-I-cm-sb-Øp-∂-Xv.- C-t∏m-g-sØ-
A-h-ÿ- H-∂p- {i-≤n-°mw.- hn-]-Wn- C-
Sn-hv- tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ- B-cpw- hm-ßep-Im-c-m-Ip-∂n-√.-
F-∂m¬- Ip-Xn-®p-b-cptºm-tgm
G-h-cpw- Hm-l-cn-Iƒ- hm-ßn-
°q-´m≥- {i-an-°p-∂-Xv- A-t∏m-gm-Wv-.-
a-m¿-°-‰n¬- A-[n-I-am-cm-epw- {i-≤n-°s∏-Sm-Ø-
Hm-l-cn-Iƒ- I-s≠-Øp-I- F-
∂- ]-cn-]m-Sn-bm-Wv- hm-d≥- _p-s^-‰v- B-
Zyw- \-S-Øp-∂-Xv-.- C-Ø-cw- I-º-\n-Ifn¬h-ºn-®-
coXn-bn¬- \n-t£-]-an-d-°p-I- F-
∂-Xv- A-Sp-Ø- ]-Sn.- A-ß-s\- I-º-\nsb-Ø-s∂-
kz-¥am-°p-∂p.- hn-]-Wnbn¬,-
am¿-°-‰n-se- _pƒ-˛s_-b¿- X-cw-
K-ß-fn-sem-∂pw- A-t±-lw- {i-≤n-°p-∂n-
√.- t\-c-sØ- ]-d--Xp-t]m-se- hn-]-Wn-
Nq-S-p-]-n-Sn-®v,- Gh-cpw- h≥-tXm-Xn¬- \nt£-]-an-d-°m≥-
a-’-cn-°p-tºmƒ,- hmd≥-
_p-^-‰v- Xn-I-®pw- \n-kw-K-\m-bn-cn-
°pw.- C-hn-sS-sbm-∂pw- kw-`-hn-°m-\n-s√-
∂- a-´n¬-!- F-∂m¬- G-h-cpw- {]-Xo-£-
\-in-®v,- C-hn-sS- \n-∂v- A-I-∂p-I-gn-bptºmƒ-
_p-^-‰v- Du¿-÷-kz-e-\m-Ipw.-
C-\n- \-Ωp-sS- Im-cyw- H--∂p-]-cn-tim-
[n-°mw.- k-ao-]-Im-e-Øv- hn-]-Wn-bn¬- C-
Sn-hv- t\-cn-´-t∏mƒ,- hn-]-Wn-bp-sS- B-thi-Ø-≈-en¬-
B-th-i-`-cn-X-cm-bncp-∂- \-
Ωn¬- ]-e-cpw- ]n≥-hm-ßn.- Ip-d-®v- \m-sfms°-
Hm-l-cn-bp-sS- hn-e-sb-n-epw- {i-≤n-
®n-cp-s∂-n-epw- ]n-∂o-Sv- A-Xp-t]m-epw-
{i-≤n-°mXm-bn.- C-\n- \-Ωƒ- Hm-l-cn- hn-
]-Wn-bn¬- F-∂v- ap-X-em-hpw- {i-≤n-®p-
Xp-S-ßp-I.- kw-i-b-an-√,- hn-]-Wn- ho-≠pw-
I-Øn-÷-z-en-°p-tºmƒ.- A-Xn-t\m-S-Iwhn-]-Wn-bn¬-
\n-∂v- an-I-®- hn-e-bn¬- an-
I-®- Hm-l-cn-Iƒ- k-a¿-∞-cm-b- \n-t£-
]-I¿- kz-¥am-°n-°-gn-n-cn-°pw.- Ip-
Xn-®p-b¿-∂- hn-e-bn¬- k-a¿-∞-cm-b- Cu-
\n-t£-]-I≥- X-ß-fp-sS- em-`w- _p-°vsN-bv-Xp-Xp-S-ßp-tºmƒ,-
Cu-bmw-]-m-‰-Isf-
t]m-se- sh-fn-®w- I-≠v- A-hn-tS-°v-
Hm-Sn- a-s‰m-cp- Iq-´¿- hm-ß-ep-Im-cm-sb-
Øpw.- ]n-∂o-Sv- ssI-s]m-f-fn,- H-cp]-t£,-
A-ev-]w- ^n-tem-k-^-n-°-em-bn- t]m-Ip-
∂- C-°q-´¿- ho-≠pw- hn-]-Wn-bn-se-Øm≥-
H-cp-]m-Sp-\mƒ- Im-Øn-cn-°pw,- H-cp-]-t£-
A-Sp-Ø- _pƒ- X-cw-Kw- h-sc-!- k-a-o-]-
Im-e-Øv- hn-]-Wn-sbm-∂n-Sn--t∏mƒsN-dp-In-S-
\n-t£-]-I-cn¬- ]-e-c-pw- C-h-nsS-
\n-t∂m-Sn-sbm-fn-®p- F-∂v- t{_m-°¿-
am¿- I-W-°p-Iƒ-aq-ew- k-a¿-∞n-°ptºmƒ-
a-s‰-¥m-Wv- a-\- n-em-°m≥km[n-°p-I.-
SEPTEMBER 2011

18
Business Cycle
km-º-Øn-I- Db¿-®-bpw-
Xm-gv-N-bpwc-≠p-\mƒ-sIm-≠v-
H-cp-Ø-s\- tX-cn-te-
‰n-b-Xpw- `-hm≥˛
am-fn-I- apI-fn-te-dn-b- a-∂-s‚- tXm-f-
Øv- am-dm-∏p-tI-‰p-∂-Xpw- `-hm≥-˛
C-Xv- I-\n-sam-gn-sb-∏-‰n-tbm,- I¬-am-
Un-sb-∏-‰n-tbm, F.- cm-P-sb-∏-‰n-tbm- B-
sW-∂v- tXm-∂mw.- F-∂m¬- C-Xv- Hcphy-‡n-bp-sS-bpw-
k-aq-l-Øn-s‚-bpw- cm-
Py-Øn-s‚-bpw- tem-I-Øn-s‚- X-s∂-bpwlr-kz-Zo¿-LIm-e-
km-º-Øn-I- \n-e-bnse-
am-‰-ß-tf-bpw- \n¿-∆-Nn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.-
km-º-Øn-Iw- H-cn-°-epw- ÿn-c-a-√.- tem-
I-K-Xn- t]m-se- A-Xv- N-e-\m-fl-I-am-Wv.-
ÿn-X (equilibrium)- A-Xn-\n-√.- F-
∂m¬- Cu- am-‰-߃- Nn-e-t∏mƒ- I-Sp-
Ø-Xpw- h-en-b- {]-Xym-Lm-X-߃- kr-
„n-°p-∂-h-bp-am-bn-cn-°pw.- D-ev-]m-Z-\-hpw,-
D-]-t`m-K-hpw- (production and
comsumption/demand)- B-W-t√mkm-º-Øn-I-\n-e-bp-sS-
A-f-hp-tIm¬.- C-
Xn¬- G-‰-°p-d-®n-ep-Iƒ- D-≠m-Ip-∂p.- D-
ev-]m-Z-\-hpw- B-h-iy-hpw- ÿn-c-am-bn- D-
b-cp-tºm-gm-Wv- km-º-Øn-I-cw-Kw- h-f-cp-
∂-Xv.- C-Xv- I-W-°m-°p-∂-Xv- B-`y-¥-csam-Ø-
D-ev-]m-Z-\w- A-Y-hm- (GDP)-
Gross domestic product.
H-c-p- cm-Py-Øv- H-cp- h¿-jw- D¬-]m-Zn-
∏n-°p-∂- sam-Øw- D-ev-∏-∂-ß-fp-sS-bpwtk-h-\-ß-fp-sS-bpw-
Xp-I- F-∂- A-f-hptIm¬-
D-]-tbm-K-n-®m-Wv.- C-Xv- h¿-jwtXm-dpw-
D-b-cp-tºmƒ- km-º-Øn-I-cw-Kwh-f-cp-∂p-
F-∂v- ]-d-bmw.- C-Xv- C-¥y-bn¬-
1990 h-sc- G-Xm-≠v- 40 sIm-√-tØm-fw-
3 ap-X¬- \m-ev-i-X-am-\-hpw- (tem-I-km-
º-Øn-I- hn-Z-Kv-≤¿- C-Xn-s\- ln-µp-h-f¿-
®m- \n-c-°v- Hindu growth rate F-∂hm-°p-sIm-≠v-
]p-—n-®n-cp-∂p.- 1990 ap-X¬-
2000 h-sc- \-m-ev- ap-X¬- B-dv- i-X-am-\-
hpw- A-Xn-\p-ti-jw- 6 ap-X¬- 8.-5 h-sci-X-am-\-hpw-
B-bn-cp-∂p.- F-∂m¬- ssN-
\-bn¬- C-Xv- C-°m-e-sam-s°-bpw- 10 i-
X-am-\-Øn¬- A-[n-I-am-bn-cp-∂p.- ]-m-iv-Nm-
Xy-cm-Py-ß-fn¬- ap-∂n¬- \n¬-°p-∂- A-
ta-cn-°-bn¬- (Pn-Un-]n)- i-cm-i-cn- \m-evi-X-am-\-hp-pw-
2007\p-ti-jw- A-Xv- H-∂vap-X¬-
aq-∂v- h-sc-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p.- Cu- B-
`y-¥-c- D-ev-]m-Z-\-Øn¬- D-≠m-Ip-∂- G-
‰-°-p-d-®n-ep-I-fm-Wv- _n-kn-\- v- ssk-
°nƒ- F-∂- t]-cn¬- km-º-Øn-I- im-kv-
{X-⁄-∑m¿- \n¿-h-Nn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.-
_n-kn-\- v- ssk-°-n-fn-s‚- B-Zy-L-
´w- h-f¿-®m- \n-c-°n-ep-≈- hn-Im-k-am-Wv.-
H-cp-Im-e-Øv- cm-Py-Øv- Iq-Sp-X-em-bn- D-ev-
]-m-Z-\w- \-S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pI-bpw- A-
X\p-k-cn-®v- h-cp-am-\-hpw- D-]-t`-m-K-hpw- Iq-
Spw.- C-Xv- k-a-r-≤n-bp-sS- L-´-am-Wv.- C-Xvc-t≠m-
aq-t∂m- sI-m-√w- Nn-e-t∏mƒ- A-
©p-sI-m-√w-.- A-]q¿-∆-am-bn- ]-Øv- sIm-
√-tØm-fw- Zo¿-Ln-∏n-°pw.- F-∂m¬-
Ah-km-\w- A-Xv- sIm-Sp-ap-Sn-bn-se-Øpw.-
]n-∂o-Sv- Xm-tg-°v.- I-b-‰w- t]m-se-b-√,-
Xmtg-°p-≈- C-d-°w- s]-s´-∂m-bn-cn-°pw.-
hn-hn-[- hn-]-co-X- I-c-W-߃- H-∂n-®v- aq¿-
≤-\y-Ønse-Øp-tºmƒ- B-h-iyw- (Unam‚v)-
Ip-d-bpw.- D-ev-]m-Z-I-s‚- ssI-bn¬-
SEPTEMBER 2011
D¬-∏-∂-߃- Ip-∂p-Iq-Spw.- A-t∏mƒ-
D¬]m-Z-\w- Ip-d-bpw.- D-ev-]m-Z-\-L-S-I߃-
(em≥-Uv,- te-_¿,- Iym-∏n-‰¬)- \njv-{In-b-am-Ipw.-
F-√m-h-cp-sS-bpw- h-cp-am-
\w- Ip-Ø-s\- C-Sn-bpw.- kmº-Øn-I-\ne-
Xm-tg-°v- aq-°p-Ip-Øpw.- A-h-km-\w-
A-Xv- Xm-g-v-N-bn¬- F-Øpw.- B-Zy-sØ-
I-b-‰-sØ- hn-Im-kw- (F-Iv-kv-]m≥-j≥)-
F-∂pw- ]n-∂o-Sp-≈- C-d°-sØ- Np-cp߬-
F-∂pw- hn-fn-°p-∂p.- Kp-cp-X-c-a-mb-
(contraction)-s\- am-µyw- (recession)
F-∂pw A-Xn-epw- Kp-cp-X-c-am-b-
Xn-s\- ap-c-Sn-∏v- (depression)-- F-∂pwhn-fn-°p-∂p.-
{I-ta-W- ap-c-Sn-°-en¬- \n-
∂pw- km-º-Øn-I-cw-Kw- I-c-I-b-dpw.- apc-Sn-∏n-s‚-
Im-e-Øv- A-t\-Iw- D-¬-]m-Z-
I¿- cw-K-w- hn-Spw.- A-tXm-sSm-∏w- ]n-Sn-
®p-\n¬-°p-∂- D-ev-]m-Z-I¿- B-h-iy-°msc-
I-s≠-Øpw.- {I-ta-W- B-h-iyw- h¿-
[n-°p-∂p.- k¿-°m¿- \n-Ip-Xn,- k-_v-kn-
Un,- `-c-W-s®-e-hp-Iƒ,- s]m-Xp-\n¿-Ωm-
W- {]-h¿-Øn-Iƒ- F-∂n-h- h-gn- k-aq-l-
Øn-s‚- {I-b-ti-jn- h¿-[n-∏n-°pw.- A-
t∏mƒ- Iq-Sp-X¬- B-h-iyw- I-tºm-f-
Øn¬- D-≠m-hp-I-bpw- D-ev-]m-Z-\w- h¿-[n-
°p-I-bpw- sN-øpw. C-°-tWm-a-n- {I-ta-
W- hnIm-k-Øn-s‚- ]m-X-bn¬- {]-th-in-
°pw.- A-Sp-Ø-Xm-bn- N-{Iw- ap-I-fn-tem-
´v- Xn-cn-bpw.- C-XmWv- _n-kn-\- v- ssk-
°nƒ.-
C-Xv- Xn-b-dn.- F-¥p-sIm-≠v- C-Xv- kw-
`-hn-°p-∂p.- F-¥m-Wv- C-Xn-s‚- Kp-W-tZmj-߃.-
F-ß-s\- Kp-W-߃- ÿ-n-co-Icn-°p-I-bpw-
tZm-j-߃- A-ÿn-c-am-°p-
I-bpw- sN-ømw.- km-º-Øn-I-hn-Z-Kv-≤-cpwcm-{„-Nn-¥-I-cpw-
X-X-zim-kv-{X-⁄-∑mcpw-
\q-‰m-≠p-I-fm-bn- Cu- hn-j-bw- ]-T-
\-K-th-j-W- hn-j-b-am-°-n-bn-´p-≠v.- F-nepw-
te-m-Iw- C-∂v- _n-kn-\- v- ssk-°nfn-s‚-
I-bv-]-v- I-Tn-\-am-bn- A-\p-`-hn-®p-sIm-
≠n-cn-°p-∂p.-
Im-d¬- am¿-Iv-kv- B-Wv- Cu -hn-jbw-
h-f-sc- Zo¿-L-am-bn- hn-i-I-e-\w- sNbv-X
km-º-Øn-I- im-kv-{X-⁄≥.- am¿-
Iv-kv- C-t°m-Wn-kv-‰m-Wv.- I-Ωyq-Wn-kv-‰-
√ F-∂v- tI-c-f-Øn-se- A-h-ti-jn-°p-
∂- kn-]n-FΩp-Im¿- A-dn-b-p-I.- (_wKmfn-epw-
d-jybn-epw- ssN-\-bn-epw- F-¥n-
\v- Iyq-_-bn¬- t]m-epw- I-Ωyq-Wnkv-‰ppIm-cn-√).-
A-t±-lw- X-s‚- Zm-kv- Im-∏n-‰-
en¬- \q-dp-I-W-°n-\v- t]-Pp-Iƒ- _n-kn-
\-kv- ssk-°n-fn-s\-∏-‰n- {]-Xn-]m-Zn-°p-
I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.- _n-kn-\-kv- ssk-°nƒ- ap-
[-\-im-kv-{Xw-
A-dn-bp-I- 30
tUm.- ]n.-sI.- G-{_-lmw
Im-d¬- am¿-Iv-kv- B-Wv- Cu -hn-j-bw- h-f-sc- Zo¿-
L-am-bn- hn-i-I-e-\w- sN-bv-X km-º-Øn-I- im-kv-{X-
⁄≥.- am¿-Iv-kv- C-t°m-Wn-kv-‰m-Wv.- I-Ωyq-Wn-kv-‰-
√ F-∂v- tI-c-f-Øn-se- A-h-ti-jn-°p-∂- kn-]n-
FΩp-Im¿- A-dn-b-p-I.-
X-em-fn-bp-sS- em-t`-—-bn¬- \n-∂m-Wv.- Iq-
Sp-X¬- D-ev-]-∂-߃,- Iq-S-pX¬- em-`w.-
IqSp-X-¬- em-`w,- Iq-Sp-X¬- e-t`-—.- s]-
s´-∂v- D-ev-]m-Z-\w- G-‰-hpw- D-b-c-Øn¬,-
Iq-Sp-X¬- em-`-Øn-\v- sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf- ]ngn-bn¬.-
A-h-s‚- h-cp-am-\w- Ip-d-bp-∂p.-
B-h-iyw- Xm-tgm-´v- t]m-Ip-∂p.- am-µyw-
I-Tn-\-am-b- ap-cSn-∏n-te-°v- k-º-Zv-L-S-\-
sb- \-bn-°p-∂p.- C-Xp-h-f-sc-°m-ew- \o-
≠p-\n¬-°pw.- sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ- sXm-gn¬c-ln-X-cm-Ipw.-
A-h-km-\w- Np-c-°w- ap-
X-em-fn-am¿- H-gn-sI- F-√m-h-cpw- ]-´n-Wnbn¬.-
K-Xy-¥-c-an-√m-sX- sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒkw-L-Sn-°p-I-bpw-
ap-X-em-fn-Øw- XqsØ-dn-bp-I-bpw-
sXm-gn-em-fn- k¿-∆m[n-
]-Xyw- ÿm-]n-°pw.- {I-ta-W- `-c-W-{Iaw-
s]m-gn-p-t]m-bn.- k¿-∆-k-a-Xz-kp-
µ-cw- I-Ωyq-Wn-kw- ÿm-]n-°p-I-bpw- sN-
øpw.-
tk-m-hn-b-‰v- bq-Wn-b-\n-epw- ssN-\-bnepw-
In-g-°≥- bq-tdm-∏n-epw- I-Ωyq-Wnkv-‰v-
k¿-∆m-[n-]-Xyw- h-∂-t∏mƒ- Cu- am¿-
Iv-kn-b≥- kz-]v-\w- bm-Ym¿-∞y-am-sb-∂vs]m-Xp-th-
tem-Iw- [-cn-®p.- ]-t£- F-
¥p-kw-`-hn-®p- I-Ωyq-Wn-kv-‰v- k¿-°m¿-
]p-Xn-b- Iym-∏n-‰-en-kv-‰p-I-fm-bn- am-dn-sb-
∂p-am-{Xw.- Im-c-Ww- Hcn-S-Øpw- H-cp-Ime-Øpw-
a-\p-jy-s‚- i-cn-bm-b- kz-`m-hw-
(A-Xm-b-Xv- kzm¿-∞-X-bpw- A-Xp-sIm-
≠p-≠m-Ip-∂- em-t`-—-bpw- B¿-Øn-bpw)-
am-dp-I-bn-√.- A-Xp-sIm-≠v- B-Zy-sam-s°-
Iym-∏n-‰-en-s‚- D-S-a-ÿm-h-Im-iw- B-Zysam-s°-
kv-t‰-‰v- sa-jn-\-dn-bn-eq-sS- ]m¿-
´n-bp-sS- I-øn-epw, A-Xv- ]-cm-P-b-sa-∂v-
I-≠-t∏mƒ- `-c-W-Iq-S-Øn-s‚-bpw- (]m¿-
´n-°m¿)- hy-‡n-I-fp-sS-bpw- A-[o-\-Xbn¬-
F-Øn.- A-ta-cn-°-tb-°mƒ- Iq-Sp-
X¬- i-X-tIm-So-iz-c-∑m¿- C-∂v- ssN-\-
bn-epw- d-jy-bn-ep-am-Wp-≈-Xv.-
Im-d¬ am¿-Iv-kn-\p-ti-jw- h-∂-
Lord Keyence B-Wv- Iym-]n-‰-en-k-Øns‚-bpw-
A-Xn-s‚- {]-Xn-`m-k-am-b- "_nkn-\-kv-
ssk-°-fn'-s‚-bpw- {]-m-[m-\y-hpw-
Kp-W-h-i-ß-fpw- hn-i-Z-am-bn- {]-Xn-]m-Zn-
®-Xv.- _n-kn-\- v- ssk-°n-fn-s‚- tZm-jh-i-߃-
k-aq-l-\n-b-{¥-W-Øneq-sS- e-
Lq-I-cn-°p-I-bpw- k-aql-\-∑-bv-°m-bn-
Iym-∏n-‰-en-k-sØ- ]p-\¿-\n¿-h-Nn-°p-Ibp-am-bn-cp-∂p-
sI-bn≥-kv- sN-bv-X-Xv.-
1929˛33 se- tem-I-Øv- C-Xp-h-sc-bp-≠mb-
G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- (Un-{]-j≥)- Im-e-
Øm-Wv- sI-bn≥-kv- X-s‚- kn-≤m-¥w-
A-h-X-cn-∏n-®-Xpw,- A-∂-sØ- A-ta-cn-
°≥- {]-kn-U‚m-bn-cp-∂- tdm-kv-sh¬-
‰v- A-Xv- {]m-h¿-Øn-I-am-°n- B- h-en-bk-m-º-Øn-I-
{]-Xn-k-‘-n-bn¬- \n-∂v- I-
c-I-b-‰n-b-Xpw.- C-Xn-\p-ti-j-am-Wv- Iym-
∏n-‰-en-k-Øn-s‚- I-Sn-m-Wn-√m-Øt]m-°v.-
an-°- cm-Py-ß-fpw- km-º-Øn-
I- \n-b-{¥-W-߃,- _-P-‰p-Iƒ,- \n-Ip-
Xn-Iƒ,- sk≥-{S¬- _m-v- \n-_-‘-\-
Iƒ,- tam-Wn-‰-dn,- t]m-fn-kn-Iƒ- F-∂nh-
ap-tJ-\- \n-b-{¥n-®-Xv.- C-¥y-bn¬-
_m-p-Iƒ- k¿-°m¿- D-S-a-ÿ-X-bn¬-
(\m-j-W-sse-kv)- sIm-≠p-h-∂-t∏mƒbp-sI,-
Im-\-U- ap-X-em-b- cm-Py-ß-fn¬-
I¿-i-\-am-b- km-º-Øn-I- \n-b-{¥-Ww-
_m-p-Iƒ-°p-≠m-bn.- 2007¬- B-cw`n-
®- c-≠m-a-sØ- h-en-b- te-m-I- km-º-
Øn-I- X-I¿®-bn¬- Im-cy-am-b- £-Xta¬-]n-°m-sX-
Cu- cm-Py-߃- ap-t∂m-
´p-t]m-b-Xn-s‚- Im-c-Ww- C-Xm-Wv.- (\mw-
C-µ-n-cm-Pn-sb- \-µn-]q¿-∆w- kv-acn-°p-I.-
_m-p-Iƒ- Un-\m-j-W-sse-kv- sN-øm-
\p-≈- \o-°-sØ- F-Xn¿-Ø- F-S-X-∑m¿-
°pw- \-µn.-
em-t`-—-t]m-se- X-s∂- ]-W-Øn-s‚-
k-p-e`-am-b- Hgp-°pw- _n-kn-\- v- ssk-
°-n-fn-\v- Im-c-W-am-bn- Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-°p-
∂p.- ]-Ww- I-øn¬- h-cp-tºmƒ- Iq-Sp-
X¬- ]-W-ap-≠m-°m-\p-≈- B¿-Øn- Iq-
Spw.- Hm-l-cn-°-tºm-fw,- dn-b¬- F-kv-t‰-
‰v,- Du-l-°-®-h-Sw- F-∂n-h-bn-te-°v- C-
Ø-c-°m¿- Iq-´-tØm-sS- Hm-Sn-°-b-dpw.-
{`m-¥-am-b- B-th-iw- Ip-td-°m-e-tØ-
°p-≠m-Ipw.- B-Zyw- I-b-dp-∂-h¿- s]-
s´-∂v- [-\n-I-cm-Ipw.- A-Xp-I-≠v- A-Sp-
Øp-\n¬-°p-∂-h¿,- A-I-se- \n¬-°p-
∂-h¿,- h-gn-t]m-°¿,- D-d-ßn-°n-S-°p-∂h¿,-
F-√m-h-cpw- "F-∂m¬- In-S-°-s´- enn-epw-
H-cp- Xp-I'- F-∂- ap-{Zm-hm-I-ywtI-´v-
N-m-Sn-°-b-dp-w.- A-ta-cn-°≥- `-h-
\-hn-]-Wn-;- Zp-_m-bn- πm-k- I-®-h-Sw- ap-
X¬,- sIm-®n- B-∏nƒ- Xn-∂-h-cp-sS-hsc-
Xp-S¿-°-Y-Iƒ- C-Xn-se- ÿn-cw- \m-
S-I-ß-fm-Wv.- F-√m- \m-S-I-ß-fpw- Zp-c-
¥-Øn¬- A-h-km-\n-°p-∂p- F-∂p-am-
{Xw.-
C-hn-sS-bm-Wv- k¿-°m-cn-s‚-bpwsk≥-{S¬-
_m-n-s‚-bpw,- k-aq-l-Øns‚-bpw-
\n-c-¥-c- Pm-{K- D-≠m-tI-≠-Xv.-

19
kz¿W hne
XmgvN-bn-tebv°v
bp Fkv td‰nwKv sh´n-°p-d-®Xpw bqtdm-tkm¨ sU‰v Ipg∏߃°v Znhkw
sN√pw-tXmdpw i‡n IqSp-∂Xpw kz¿W hnesb ]pXnb Db-c-ß-fn-tebv°v
FØn-°p-I-bm-Wv. hne Hu¨kn\v dn°m¿Uv Db-c-Øn¬ FØn-b-tijw
t\cnb tXmXn¬ Ipd-n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Hu¨kn\v 1757 tUmf-dmWv hne-bnt∏mƒ.
HmKÃv 22˛\v 1911.46 tUmf¿ hsc Db¿∂n-cp-∂p. \nt£-]I Xmev]cyan-t∏mƒ
IS-emkv kz¿W-Øn¬\n∂v ^nkn-°¬ tKmƒUn-tebv°v \oßn-bn-cn-
°p-I-bm-Wv.
tKmƒUv Unam≠v t{KmØv G{]n¬-˛-Pq¨ 2011
Pz√dn 6 %
sSIvt\m-fPn 2 %
_mdp-Iƒ 13 %
kz¿W-\m-Wbw ˛7 %
C Sn F^v ˛82 %
C¥y-bn¬ 2011 c≠mw Izm¿´-dn¬ ( G{]n¬-˛-Pq¨) kz¿W-Øns‚ Unam≠v
38 iX-am-\hpw ssN\-bn¬ 25 iX-am-\hpw h¿[n-®-t∏mƒ bp Fkn¬ 22 i-Xam-\hpw
bqtdm-∏n¬ 48 iX-am-\hpw CSn-hmWv D≠m-bn-´p-f-f-sX∂v thƒUv
tKmƒUv Iu¨kn¬ dnt∏m¿´n¬ ]d-bp-∂p.
Ign Zi-I-Øn¬ anI® {]I-S\w ImgvN BkvXn-I-fn-sem-∂mb kz¿Ww
]pXnb Zi-I-Øns‚ BZy h¿j-Ønepw anI® dnt´¨ \evIp-Ibm-Wv. F∂m¬
F{X-\mƒ kz¿W-Ønse Cu apt∂‰w XpS-cpw.
bp Fkv, bqtdm-]y≥ sU‰v Ipg-∏-ß-fpsS ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ {lkz-Im-e-
Øn¬ kz¿W-hne C\nbpw apt∂-dn-tb-°m-sa-nepw Hcp Ipan-f-bpsS aWvU-e-
Øn¬ kz¿Ww FØn-t®¿∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn Icp-Xp-∂-h¿ Gsd-bm-Wv. bp Fkv
, bqtdm-]y≥ sU‰v Ipg-∏-߃ krjvSn® Bi--fmWv kz¿WsØ sa®-s∏-Sp-
Øn-b-Xv. AXn¬ t\cnb Ipdhv kw`-hn-®m¬ kz¿W-hne IpØs\ CSn-bpw.
1980-˛¬ Hu¨kn\v 850 tUmf-dn-se-Ønb kz¿Ww GXm\pw amk-߃°p-ffn¬
260 tUmf¿ hsc ( GXm≠v 69 iX-am-\w) FØnb Ncn{Xw adt°-≠-Xn-√.
Ct∏m-gsØ Cu apt∂‰w ASpØ 6˛9 amk-°m-e-tØbv°v \ne-\n-ev°psa-∂mWv
B\{µ dmYn ^n\m≥jy¬ k¿ho-kkv Itam-Un‰n Xe-h≥ Intjm¿
\tcs‚ A`n-{]m-bw. BtKmf kº-ZvL-S-\-bnse Imcy-߃ ÿncX t\Sn-Øp-Sßp-Ibpw
a‰v hn]-Wn-Iƒ sa®-s∏-Sp-hm≥ Bcw-`n-°p-Ibpw sNø-∂-tXmsS
kz¿Ww Ct∏m-gsØ \ne-bn¬\n∂v Xmgv∂p XpS-ßpw.
kz¿Ww ]W-a-√. AXn-\m¬ \nt£-]-Øn¬\n∂v hcp-am-\-sam∂pw e`n-
°p-I-bn-√. CXp kq£n-°p-∂-Xn\v sNehv hcp-Ibpw sNøpw. bp Fkv {Sjdn
\nc°v c≠p iX-am-\hpw kz¿W-Øns‚ 1˛1.5 iX-am\w tÃmtdPv tImÃpw
IW-°m-°n-bm¬ 3˛3.5 iX-am\w ]en-i-bmWv \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂sX∂v antd Ak‰ns‚
tlmtmwKv taJe dntk¿®v Xe-h≥ tPm¨ hmUvse-bpsS dntk¿®v t\m´v
]d-bp-∂p. bp Fkv _vfqNn∏v Hml-cn-I-fp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ kz¿Ww
Hcp Ipan-f-bm-sW∂v At±lw ]d-bp-∂p.
Uu Hml-cn-Iƒ ASpØ 20 h¿jw 2 iX-am\w h¿[n-®m¬ t]mepw \nt£-
]-I¿°v 130 iX-am\w t\´-ap-≠m-°mw. F∂m¬ kz¿Ww Cu dnt´¨ \evIm≥
Ct∏m-gsØ 1800 tUmf-dn¬\n∂v 4400 tUmf-dn-se-Ø-Ww. CXv km[y-a-√mØ
Imcy-am-Wv˛ hmUvse ]d-bp-∂p. ASpØ 12 amk-Øn-\p-f-fn¬ kz¿Ww 2000
tUmf-dn-se-Øp-sa∂v _mv Hm^v Ata-cn° sadn¬ en©v hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂p.
kmº-Øn-Im-kq-{X-W-Øn-eqsS
PohnX hnPbw
{KŸ-I¿Ømhv: at\mPv tXmakv
{]km-[\w: amXr-`qan _pIvkv
hne: 75 cq]
]Sn-m-d≥ cmPy-ß-fnse kmº-Øn-I-°p-g-∏-ßsf-°p-dn-®p-ff
hm¿Ø-I-fn-√msX ASp-Ø-Im-esØm∂pw
]{X-߃ ]pd-Øn-d-ßm-dn-√. IS-sØ-°pdn®v
hm¿Ø-Itfm ^o®-dp-Itfm C√msX F∂v IrXyambn
]d-bmw. h¿jß-fm-bn´v CXmWv ÿnXn.
Ct∏mƒ CØcw hm¿Ø-Iƒ hcp-∂-Xns‚ FÆw
IqSn-sb∂p am{Xw.
G‰-hp-sam-Sp-hn¬ IS-Øns‚ t]cn¬ BtKmf
td‰nwKv GP≥kn-bmb Ãm≥Um¿Uv B≥Uv ]ph¿
bp Fkns‚ kph¿W td‰nwKv t]mepw Ipd-®n-cn-
°p-∂p. G‰hpw kpc-£n-X-amb \nt£-]-Øn\v
\evIp∂ {Sn∏nƒ F td‰nwKn¬ \n∂v bp Fkns\
Hcp t{KUv Ipd®v U_nƒ F πkv B°n-bn-cn-°p-
I-bm-Wv.
bqtd-∏ns‚ ÿnXnbpw hyXy-kvX-a-√. BtKmf
[\-Im-cy-ÿm-]-\-ß-fn¬\n-∂p-sa-SpØ hmbv]-Iƒ
Xncn-®-S-bv°m-\m-ImsX hogvN hcp-sa∂ L´-Øn-se-
Ønb {Kokns\ bqtdm-]y≥ bqWn-b≥ c≠mw h´w
c£n-®Xv Ign Pqsse-bn-em-Wv. {Kokn\v
]n∂mse Ab¿e-≠v, t]m¿´p-K¬, C‰-en,
kvs]bn≥˛˛˛ ]´nI Ah-km-\n-°p-∂n-√. G‰-hp-sam-
Sp-hn¬ {^m≥kpw Ipg-∏-Øn-tebv°v \oßp-I-bm-sW-
∂mWv dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ.
F√m-‰n-t‚bpw ImcWw H∂p am{Xw.
hc-hn¬ sNehv HXp-°m-Ø-Xns‚ ^ew.
hy‡n-I-fpsS ImcyØnepw ÿnXn hyXykvX-a-√.
hc-h-dn-bmsX sNehp sNbvXm¬ kmº-
ØnI XI¿®-bnepw Hcp-°epw ]pd-Øp-h-cm≥ IgnbmØ
IS-s°-Wn-bn-ep-am-bn-cn°pw sN∂p s]Sp-I.
Cßs\ IS-s°-Wn-bn¬s∏´v PohnXw Ah-km-\n-
∏n-t°≠n h∂-h-cpsS hm¿Ø-Iƒ Znh-k-hp-sa-∂t]mse
\ΩpsS \m´nse ]v{Xß-fn¬ {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-
∂p-≠v.
CXv Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-hm≥ km[n-°p-I-bn-t√.
Aev]w Bkq-{X-W-ap-≠m-bm¬ hfsc Ffp∏w
CØcw Ducm-°p-Sp-°p-I-fn¬s∏SmsX a\-k-am-[m-\-
tØmsS PohnXw apt∂m´p sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-hm≥ km[n-
°pw. F{X ]W-ap-s≠-∂-X√ AXv Fßs\ D]-tbm-
Kn-°p-∂p-sh-∂XmWv {]iv\w. ]Ww [mcmfw Ds≠∂p
Icp-Xp-∂-h¿°pw AXv Xosc-bn-s√∂p Icp-Xp-∂h¿°pw
Htc-t]mse CXp _m[-I-am-Wv. As√-n¬
F{X ]W-ap-s≠-nepw Cs√-nepw IS-s°-Wn-bn¬
sN∂p NmSn c£-s∏-Sm-\m-ImsX hcpw.
kpc-£n-X-amb kmºm-ØnI Np‰p-]mSv B{Kln-°p-Ibpw
FhnsS XpS-ß-sW-sa∂v Adn-bm-Xn-cn-
°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ km[m-c-W-°m¿°v hfsc klmbn-IamWv
at\mPv tXma-kns‚ kmº-Øn-Im-kq-{X-W-
Øn-eqsS PohnX hnPbw F∂ ]pkvX-Iw. km[m-c-
W-°m¿ am{X-a√ kmº-ØnI kpc£ B{K-ln-°p∂
B¿°pw Cu ]pkvXIw {]tbm-P-\-I-c-am-bn-cn-°pw.
Hcp Ipp P\n®v, hf¿∂v, h¿[-Iy-Øn-se-Øp-
∂-Xp-h-sc-bp-ff Ime-ß-fn¬ th≠ kmº-Øn-Im-kq-
{X-WsØ hfsc efn-X-ambn ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ ck-I-camb
DZm-l-c-W-ß-fn-eqsS \evIn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Bkq-{X-
W-Øn¬ XpSßn _P-‰p-I-fn-eqsS sNe-hn-t\bpw hchn-t\bpw
Fßs\ Iq´n-bn-W-°m-sa∂p hnh-cn-°p-∂p.
CXn-eqsS an®w hbv°p∂ icn-bmb coXn-bn¬ \nt£-
]n-t°≠ coXn-Ifpw hy‡-ambn ]pkvI-Øn¬ hnh-cn-
°p-∂p. kºmZy ]≤-Xn-sIm≠v am{Xw kºØv D≠m-
Ip-I-bn-√. AXv _p≤n-]q¿hw \nt£-]n-®mte kºØv
hf-cp-I-bp-f-fp. hnhn[ \nt£-]m-kvXn-I-tfbpw AhbpsS
dnkvIv˛ dnt´-Wp-I-tfbpw ]‰n ]pkvX-I-Øn¬
hnh-cn-°p-∂p. hnhn[ BkvXn-I-fpsS ap≥Ime {]I-S-
\-sØ-°p-dn-®p-ff Xmc-X-ayhpw \evIn-bn-´p-≠v.
G‰-hp-sam-Sp-hn¬ hn¬]{Xw Xbm-dm-t°-≠-Xns‚
Bh-iy-Ibpw ]dv Hcp Pohn-Xm-hr-Øn-bnse
kmºØnImkq-{X-Ww ]q¿Øn-bm-°p∂p at\m-Pns‚
]pkvX-Iw.
SEPTEMBER 2011

20
20VOICE OF WEALTH September 2011
Registered No. KL/EKM/672/2011-2013 Licence No. KL/CR/EKM/WPP-30/2008-10
SEPTEMBER 2011
Reg. No. KERBIL/ 2006/18747. RN. 91304 Owned, Printed and Published by George Alexander Muthoot, G343, Panampilly Nagar, Kochi-36 and Printed at Cherrys Printers,
for Viani Printers, Kochi. Editor: T.C.Mathew (Responsible for story selection)