ULTIMATE COMPUTING - Quantum Consciousness Studies

Contents 3
4.3.7 Parallelism, Collective Cooperativity, and the Grain of the
Engram 77
4.4 Toward Molecular Consciousness.................................................. 79
5 Cytoskeleton/Cytocomputer.................................................................... 80
5.1 The Nature of Cytoplasm................................................................ 80
5.2 Microtubules................................................................................... 84
5.2.1 Microtubule Structure and Function ...................................... 84
5.2.2 Microtubule Assembly and the Generation of Form.............. 88
5.2.3 Microtubule Organizing Centers (MTOC) and Centrioles .... 93
5.2.4 Microtubule Associated Proteins (MAPs) ............................. 97
5.3 Intermediate Filaments ................................................................. 103
5.4 The Cytoplasmic Ground Substance ............................................ 105
5.4.1 The Microtrabecular Lattice (MTL) .................................... 105
5.4.2 The Cytomatrix .................................................................... 108
5.4.3 Cytoplasmic Solid State....................................................... 109
5.5 Cytoskeletal Motility .................................................................... 111
5.5.1 Cytoplasmic Probing............................................................ 112
5.5.2 Bending Sidearms ................................................................ 116
5.5.3 Ciliary and Collective Movement........................................ 118
5.5.4 Geodesic Tensegrity Gels .................................................... 119
5.6 The Cytoskeleton and Development............................................. 121
5.7 The Cytoskeleton and Medicine ................................................... 124
5.8 Intelligence in the Cytoskeleton ................................................... 126
6 Protein Conformational Dynamics........................................................ 129
6.1 Protein Structure........................................................................... 129
6.2 Protein Conformation ................................................................... 131
6.3 Proteins and Energy...................................................................... 134
6.4 Protein Cooperativity—Historical View ...................................... 135
6.5 Living Water and Hydrophobic Interactions ................................ 136
6.6 Electret, Piezo, and Pyroelectric Effects....................................... 139
6.7 Solitons/Davydov ......................................................................... 140
6.8 Coherent Excitations /Fröhlich..................................................... 143
6.9 Massless Bosons, Cytoskeletal Self-Focusing.............................. 146
7 Anesthesia: Another Side of Consciousness ......................................... 148
7.1 Levels of Anesthesia/Consciousness ............................................ 148
7.2 Memory ........................................................................................ 151
7.3 Mechanisms of Anesthesia ........................................................... 153
8 Models of Cytoskeletal Computing....................................................... 157
8.1 Energy and Information in Microtubules ..................................... 157
8.2 Cytoskeletal Information Processing............................................ 158
8.2.1 MT Sensory Transduction/Atema........................................ 158
8.2.2 MT Mechano-lonic Transducers/Moran and Varela............ 159
8.2.3 Cytomolecular Computing/Conrad and Liberman............... 160
8.2.4 MT Signal Processing/DeBrabander.................................... 160
8.2.5 Cytoskeletal String Processors/Barnett................................ 163
8.2.6 Microtubule “Gradions”/Roth, Pihlaja, Shigenaka .............. 164
8.2.7 Gyroscopic Centrioles/Bornens ........................................... 166
8.2.8 Centriole-MT Signaling/Albrecht-Buehler .......................... 167
8.2.9 Dynamic Tensegrity/Heidemann and Jarosch...................... 170
8.2.10 Dynamic MT Probing/Kirschner and Mitchison ................. 171
8.2.11 Sphere Packing Screw Symmetry/Koruga........................... 172
8.2.12 Cytoskeletal Self-Focusing/Del Giudice.............................. 174
8.2.13 MT Automata, Holography/Hameroff, Watt, Smith............ 174