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MODULE A- INTRODUCTION TO RADAR Display: There are many way to display radar data. The earliest and easiest display for radar data was to put it onto a simple oscilloscope. After that A-scope was found. PPI and RHI are new techniques for displaying the radar data. Duplexer: Duplexer, somebody called Transmit/receive switch, is a special switch added to the radar system to protect the receiver from high power of the transmitter. Of <strong>course</strong> this is a briefly explanation about components of a radar. Later on this <strong>course</strong>, besides these parts, all components will be explained in detail. Figure 2.15 shows us some important components of a radar. Figure -2.15: Block diagram of a radar. TURKEY RADAR TRAINING 1.0 / ALANYA 2005 25
MODULE A- INTRODUCTION TO RADAR 3. PROPOGATION OF EM WAVES Radar signals are emitted in some frequencies within the electromagnetic spectrum located in a range from a few MHz to 600 GHz. First let us review the electromagnetic spectrum. 3. 1. Electromagnetic Spectrum All things (which have temperature above absolute zero) emit radiation. Radiation is energy that travels in the form of waves. Since radiation waves have electrical and magnetic properties, they are called as “electromagnetic waves”. Most of the electromagnetic energy on the earth originates from the sun. The sun actually radiates electromagnetic energy at several different wavelengths and frequencies, ranging from gamma rays to radio waves. Collectively, these wavelengths and frequencies make up the electromagnetic spectrum. Figure -3.1 Frequency and wavelength of electromagnetic waves change with inverse of other. According to the famous formula about light, then f can be calculated as follows: λ=c/f " f= c/λ " T = 1 / f [s] " λ = c/f = 299,792,458 / f [m] (f in Hz [s -1 ]) 26 TURKEY RADAR TRAINING 1.0 / ALANYA 2005
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