SOUVENIR COMMITTEE - Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany

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Training Programme on “PALYNOLOGY IN FOSSIL FUEL EXPLORATION” [ September 10-17, 2012 ] DR. UTTAM KUMAR BHUI Associate Professor School of Petroleum Technology Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University Raisan, Gandhinagar, GUJARAT, PIN – 382 007 E-mail: uttam.bhui@spt.pdpu.ac.in; ukbhui@rediffmail.com He obtained Masters Degree in Applied Geology and Ph.D. from Jadavpur University. Honoured with several awards, to name a few - Post Doctoral Research project under the scheme of SERCYS programme by the DST in 1999; Junior Research Fellowship and eligibility for Lecturer-ship by CSIR in 1993; Awarded for Junior Research Fellowship and eligibility for Lecturer-ship by UGC in 1992; University Medal for standing First in M. Sc. Examination in 1992; P. N. Bose Memorial Bronze Medal for standing First in M. Sc. Examination, 1992; Dr. Bhui is having expertise in Petrology. Dr. Bhui has both academic experience as well as industrial expertise. His expertise is in geological mapping and geochemical data (phase, bulk chemical and stable isotope) handling for magmatic rocks and associated economic mineral deposits particularly chromium, vanadium, nickel and platinum group of elements. Dr. Bhui has working experience in various activities related to petroleum exploration and exploitation in ONGCL. At present he is doing research in the area of geochemical characterization of hydrocarbon crudes and their application in exploration and exploitation activities to meet the futuristic need of upstream petroleum sector. Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, Lucknow 35
Training Programme on “PALYNOLOGY IN FOSSIL FUEL EXPLORATION” [ September 10-17, 2012 ] GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROCARBON CRUDES: ITS APPLICATION IN EXPLORATION UTTAM KUMAR BHUI School of Petroleum Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Raisan, Gandhinagar, E-mail: uttam.bhui@spt.pdpu.ac.in ; ukbhui@rediffmail.com We have good understanding of what oil and gas are made up of and how they occur but the precise processes and timing of oil generation, migration processes and pathways, their entrapment and accumulations for commercial deposits, all are important pre-requisite for understanding the sequential evolution of all the viable petroleum system of a basin. Thus we know how to find oil and gas but the precise details of petroleum generation, migration and their trapping mechanism are still debatable even for most of the producing basins and reservoirs. The Organic Matter (OM or kerogen) in the sediments transform or cook step by step during burial with increase in temperature of which petroleum is by-product and some stay back in the source sedimentary rock as residual organic matter. Residual kerogen content in source rocks is insignificant (between fraction of 1% to few %) but its significance is much much greater than its content because it enables one to provide clues and to solve geochemical problems related to oil and gas genesis, oil-source rock correlation, migration pathways and many more. Crude oil, which is a byproduct of kerogen cooking, is a multicomponent mixture of hydrocarbons (saturated hydrocarbons: alkanes, cycloalkanes; aromatics: mono, di and polyaromatics) and non-hydrocarbon compounds (resins, asphaltenes, metal-porphyrin complexes and trace elements) and depends on the organic matter type i.e kerogen type(type I, II, III), which is based on the elemental carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in the kerogen. Our knowledge about the geochemical significance of the molecular composition of hydrocarbon fluids and rock extracts has been growing exponentially and recent advances in geochemistry, especially in analytical techniques, have resulted in rapid progress on this front. Shales, generally considered as the source rocks of many crude oils, are highly enriched in trace elements, PGE and Re, Os radioisotopes. Trace element abundances in crude oil, particularly Ni, Fe, V, Mo are often present at ppm level and many researchers have identified their existence as part of porphyrin structure. But no study had been undertaken yet towards the understanding of element fractionation during oil generation. Sufficient amount of these radioisotopes are present in hydrocarbon to use the 187 Re- 187 Os radioisotope systematic for constraining the source as well as the timing of separation from the source of the migrated oil. The knowledge regarding the geochemical fingerprinting and their significance of the molecular composition of the crude oils and rock-extracts has been growing considerably during the last two decades. Some compounds in oil lost structural features of parent organic matter, whereas some other molecules preserved these features. They are called “chemical fossils”, “molecular fossils” or “bio-markers”. The basic architecture of the biomarkers allows them to be undoubtedly related to parent compounds of the biosphere. Among the numerous molecular structures present in oils, rock extracts, biological markers from alkane and aromatic fractions have been playing a leading role in the present day analytical techniques and accordingly, a significant part of complementary data is ignored or unavailable. The most significant points to keep in mind are to consider the whole molecular fingerprint and to better assess the total biomarker potential in the field of hydrocarbon exploration. Biomarkers have a variety of applications in petroleum exploration: Source rock typing, oil-to oil and oil-to-source rock correlation, paleoenvironment of source rock deposition, maturities of oil and source rocks. Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, Lucknow 36
Page 3 and 4: TRAINING ON PALYNOLOGY IN FOSSIL FU
Page 5: Contents From the Desk of Director,
Page 9 and 10: Training Programme on “PALYNOLOGY
Page 11: THE SPEAKERS • [ Profiles and Abs
Page 32 and 33: . Training Programme on “PALYNOLO
Page 47 and 48: THE TRAINEES • [ Profiles ] 3
Page 63: ABOUT LUCKNOW Luck Now, that you ar
Page 69: ABOUT Birbal Sahni Institute of Pal

SOUVENIR COMMITTEE - Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany

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