Contending Issues in the Niger Delta Crisis of Nigeria - Journal of ...

Chapter III: Contending Issues in Governance and Democracy at the Local
Government Level in Nigeria: Some Reflections on the Niger Delta Question
Nigerian Nation, especially as it affects the highly marginalized people
of the Niger Delta.
The constitution is too ambivalent concerning issues of local
government creation. While local governments are placed as the
responsibilities of state governments on the one hand, the Federal
government takes overriding powers of creation, finance and policy
(Top – down policy process). The problem really has its foundation in
the political and historical evolution of Nigeria. First, colonial rule was
philosophically and organically elitist, centrist and absolute. It
bequeathed on independent Nigeria’s psyche; hierarchy, compliance
and discipline with the absence of responsiveness, participation, and
accountability. This led to the loss of internal sovereignty. It became
clear that both the traditional (natural) rulers and the new elite
(nationalists), became collaborators with the colonialists. Therefore, at
the departure of the colonialist, the new power block had no problems
with taking control of power. This attitude is reflected in Nigeria’s
ways of doing things. Olowu (1995), bemoaned that colonial rule
promoted the concentration of political, administrative and supportive
infrastructures in a few hands. In doing this, the true essence of
democracy being participation, rule of law, accountability,
transparency, free and fair elections etc., were jettisoned. In the
making of laws and in matters of governance, it is these few
individuals that hold sway. In leadership, they are there, so is the
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