Contending Issues in the Niger Delta Crisis of Nigeria - Journal of ...
Contending Issues in the Niger Delta Crisis of Nigeria - Journal of ... Contending Issues in the Niger Delta Crisis of Nigeria - Journal of ...
Egbadju Obukohwo Abraham It is fair to understand that the human security issue in the Niger Delta oil-crisis largely centres on the impact of oil industry activities on a people whose agro-based livelihoods are dependent on the environment (Owolabi and Okwechime, 2007). Again, it is the cardinal duty of the state to strive to promote the socio-economic development for the well-being of the citizens of the country and to protect them; wherever they are located within the country. Recent events in the Niger Delta crisis with regard to the struggle by the irate youths of the oil-producing communities involving attack by the irate youth of the Niger Delta on oil installations and hostage-taking and the sponsored reprisal attack by the Joint Task Force (Nigerian Government combined Military outfit) provides a platform for assessing and underscoring the politics and the basic element of security contradiction in the Nigerian state in relation to the Niger Delta crisis. It is a sacred duty of the Nigerian state to protect the Nigerian citizens and ensure security of their lives and property, even in emergency situations. It is also incumbent on the Nigerian state to protect and ensure security of multi-nationals operating in Nigeria. But the protection of the citizens of Nigeria counts first. Therefore, conventional wisdom would suggest that where the protection and security of Nigerian citizens is at crossroads with that of multinationals, operating in Nigeria, the Nigerian government has a sacrosanct duty to ensure that the protection and security of the lives 289
Chapter XI: Between the Politics of Oil Exploration and Exploitation, Oil Producing Communities’ Reactions and Security Contradictions in the Niger Delta and property of the citizens of Nigeria is uppermost. Regrettably, this has not been the case in Nigeria with reference to the crisis that has ensued between the oil host communities and the multinational oil companies. It is possible to tag the emerging trends in the activities of irate youths (militants) in the Niger Delta region to be “criminal”. That might just be hypothetical. An understanding of the skewed federal system we have in Nigeria, and the repressive nature of the Nigerian state, appeals to reason that the possibility of expression of subnational passions and agitation at one time or the other cannot be ruled out. It is instructive to recall that whenever there was a misunderstanding between multinational oil companies and their host communities in Nigeria, the Nigerian government has always sided the multinationals and has in each case sacrificed the security of lives and property of the Nigerian indigenes. This is why the multinationals have accustomed preference for inviting the security forces in Nigeria against the indigenes of Nigeria whenever there was a misunderstanding between the multinationals and the local communities in Nigeria. The truth again is that at any time the security forces has been invited, casualties and sacking of entire villages or communities bear witness. Owolabi and Okwechime (2007) provide representative cases that can be readily made reference to, to include: Iko-Shell clash (1987), the Oboburu-Elf clash (1989), the Umuechem Massacre (1990), the Uzere-Shell clash (1992), the Ogoni- 290
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Egbadju Obukohwo Abraham<br />
It is fair to understand that <strong>the</strong> human security issue <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>Niger</strong> <strong>Delta</strong> oil-crisis largely centres on <strong>the</strong> impact <strong>of</strong> oil <strong>in</strong>dustry<br />
activities on a people whose agro-based livelihoods are dependent on<br />
<strong>the</strong> environment (Owolabi and Okwechime, 2007). Aga<strong>in</strong>, it is <strong>the</strong><br />
card<strong>in</strong>al duty <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> state to strive to promote <strong>the</strong> socio-economic<br />
development for <strong>the</strong> well-be<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> citizens <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> country and to<br />
protect <strong>the</strong>m; wherever <strong>the</strong>y are located with<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> country. Recent<br />
events <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Niger</strong> <strong>Delta</strong> crisis with regard to <strong>the</strong> struggle by <strong>the</strong> irate<br />
youths <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> oil-produc<strong>in</strong>g communities <strong>in</strong>volv<strong>in</strong>g attack by <strong>the</strong> irate<br />
youth <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Niger</strong> <strong>Delta</strong> on oil <strong>in</strong>stallations and hostage-tak<strong>in</strong>g and<br />
<strong>the</strong> sponsored reprisal attack by <strong>the</strong> Jo<strong>in</strong>t Task Force (<strong>Niger</strong>ian<br />
Government comb<strong>in</strong>ed Military outfit) provides a platform for<br />
assess<strong>in</strong>g and underscor<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> politics and <strong>the</strong> basic element <strong>of</strong><br />
security contradiction <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Niger</strong>ian state <strong>in</strong> relation to <strong>the</strong> <strong>Niger</strong><br />
<strong>Delta</strong> crisis.<br />
It is a sacred duty <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Niger</strong>ian state to protect <strong>the</strong> <strong>Niger</strong>ian<br />
citizens and ensure security <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir lives and property, even <strong>in</strong><br />
emergency situations. It is also <strong>in</strong>cumbent on <strong>the</strong> <strong>Niger</strong>ian state to<br />
protect and ensure security <strong>of</strong> multi-nationals operat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> <strong>Niger</strong>ia.<br />
But <strong>the</strong> protection <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> citizens <strong>of</strong> <strong>Niger</strong>ia counts first. Therefore,<br />
conventional wisdom would suggest that where <strong>the</strong> protection and<br />
security <strong>of</strong> <strong>Niger</strong>ian citizens is at crossroads with that <strong>of</strong><br />
mult<strong>in</strong>ationals, operat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> <strong>Niger</strong>ia, <strong>the</strong> <strong>Niger</strong>ian government has a<br />
sacrosanct duty to ensure that <strong>the</strong> protection and security <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> lives<br />
289