Contending Issues in the Niger Delta Crisis of Nigeria - Journal of ...
Contending Issues in the Niger Delta Crisis of Nigeria - Journal of ... Contending Issues in the Niger Delta Crisis of Nigeria - Journal of ...
Chapter IV: Fishers of Men: The Political Economy of Kidnapping in the Niger Delta Ikime, O. (Ed.) 1980. Groundwork of Nigerian History .Ibadan: Heinemann Educational Books. Nnoli, O. (1978) Ethnic Politics in Nigeria. Enugu : Fourth Dimension Publishers Ofonagoro, W. I. 1979. Trade and Imperialism in Southern Nigeria, 1881-1929. New York: NOK Publishers International. Ryder, A. F. C. 1959. “An Early Portuguese Trading Voyage to The Forcados River”. Journal of Historical Society of Nigeria. Vol. 1 No. 4 Ryder, A. F. C. 1969.”The Re-establishment of Portuguese factories on the Costa Da Mina to the Mid -Eighteenth century.” Journal of Historical Society of Nigeria. Vol. 1. No. 3 UNDP. 2006. Niger Delta Development Report. Abuja. 122
Contending Issues in the Niger Delta Crisis of Nigeria Chapter V: Oil as a Source of Political Conflict in Nigeria: The Case of Ijaws By Dr. Esekumemu V. Clark Introduction The political process in Nigeria has undergone a series of changes since independence in 1960. Since the amalgamation in 1914 of both Northern and Southern Protectorates by Lord Lugard, the political landscape has always fluctuated as a consequence of the forced amalgamation of the separate and distinct political communities for the geopolitical and economic interests of Britain. The result of this fluctuation has been conflagrations which have characterised the body politics of the country since the amalgamation. Indeed, six years after independence, the First Republic (1960-66) was overthrown by the military and subsequently the institution of a military regime, including a bloody civil war from 1967 to 1970. In 1979, the military regime under General Obasanjo, reconstituted the Second Republic under the civilian leadership of Shagari which was eventually hijacked again by the military on December 31, 1983, subsequently culminating in four successive military regimes under General Buhari (1983-85), General Babangida (1985-93), General Abacha (1993-98) and General Abubakar (1998-99). The latter on May 29, 1999, 123
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Chapter IV: Fishers <strong>of</strong> Men: The Political Economy <strong>of</strong> Kidnapp<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>Niger</strong> <strong>Delta</strong><br />
Ikime, O. (Ed.) 1980. Groundwork <strong>of</strong> <strong>Niger</strong>ian History .Ibadan: He<strong>in</strong>emann<br />
Educational Books.<br />
Nnoli, O. (1978) Ethnic Politics <strong>in</strong> <strong>Niger</strong>ia. Enugu : Fourth Dimension Publishers<br />
Ofonagoro, W. I. 1979. Trade and Imperialism <strong>in</strong> Sou<strong>the</strong>rn <strong>Niger</strong>ia, 1881-1929. New<br />
York: NOK<br />
Publishers International.<br />
Ryder, A. F. C. 1959. “An Early Portuguese Trad<strong>in</strong>g Voyage to The Forcados River”.<br />
<strong>Journal</strong> <strong>of</strong><br />
Historical Society <strong>of</strong> <strong>Niger</strong>ia. Vol. 1 No. 4<br />
Ryder, A. F. C. 1969.”The Re-establishment <strong>of</strong> Portuguese factories on <strong>the</strong> Costa Da<br />
M<strong>in</strong>a to <strong>the</strong> Mid<br />
-Eighteenth century.” <strong>Journal</strong> <strong>of</strong> Historical Society <strong>of</strong> <strong>Niger</strong>ia. Vol. 1. No. 3<br />
UNDP. 2006. <strong>Niger</strong> <strong>Delta</strong> Development Report. Abuja.<br />
122