Pittadhara Kala - Techno Ayurveda

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Clinical importance of 

Pittadhara Kala 

Guest lecture at AMC, Davangere 

Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad 

M.D.(KC), M.A, Ph.D (Jyo) 

doctorksrprasad@gmail.com 1

Need to know 

Kala are very much neglected in the clinical 

medicine 

Kala possess major importance in the body 

Many diseases of present day are specifically 

Kala concern, such as – 

Grahani (Pittadharakala) 

Durmedas (Medodhara 

Kala) 

Infertility (Sukra( 

dhara kala) 

Musculo skeletal problems (Mamsadhara( 

kala) 

I.B.S ( Pureeshadhara kala) ) etc. 

doctorksrprasad@gmail.com 

2

Many a times we never think of 

understanding the structural disturbances 

in the body and rectification of the 

structural integrity disturbed by the dosha 

in the body 

Apart from the rectification and 

pacification of the dosha out of srotodusti 

lakshana – Atipravrutti & Apravrutti 

(Sanga) – Sira granthi & Vimargagamana 

are essential to examine in detail 

Rectify the structural and functional 

disturbances of Kala With special 

reference to Kayachikitsa 


3


Pitta & Agni 

Ama 

Ama Pradoshaja 

Pittadhara kala Janya Vyadhi 

Pittadhara Kala Chikitsa 


4

Saptakala Vijnana 

Kala are seven in number 

Kala lies in between the Dhatu and 

Ashaya 

Kala are like pith of the steam in the 

Tissues 

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rÉjÉÉ ÌWû xÉÉU: MüÉ¹åwÉÑÎccÉ±qÉÉlÉåwÉÑ SìÓvriÉå - xÉÑ.vÉÉ 4/5 


5

Kala Nomenclature 

‣ The fluid between the Dhatu 

and Ashaya subjected to the 

heat developed from Ushma 

gives rise the Kala 

‣ The Kala is covered by the 

layer of phlegm 

kÉÉiuÉÉvÉrÉÉliÉUYsÉåS: ÌuÉmÉYuÉ: xuÉÇ xuÉqÉÔwqÉhÉÉ vsÉåwqÉ 

xlÉÉruÉmÉUÉcNû³É: MüsÉÉZrÉ: MüÉ¹xÉÉUuÉiÉç, iÉÉxxÉmiÉ – 

A.¾Òû.vÉÉ 3/9 


6

Kala Division 

1) Mamsadhara kala 

2) Raktadhara kala 

3) Medodhara kala 

4) Shleshmadhara kala 

5) Pureeshadhara kala 

6) Pittadhara kala 

7) Shukradhara kala 


7

Difference of opine 

Kala is defined as a layer between – Rasa- 

Rakta – Mamsa – Medo- Asti – Majja – 

Shukra, , 7 dhatu and Vata – Pitta – Shleshma 

– Ama – Mala – Mootra – Raktashaya of 7 

Ashayas 

2 nd opine is – dhatu means Mamsa – Rakta – 

Medas – Shleshma and Sukra along with the 

Ashaya as Pittashaya, , Pakwashaya. 

Both of the above are considered & needs 

further discussion to specify any one of them 


8


Pittadhara Kala is 6 th in order 

Receives when the food is propelled from 

Amashaya Holds in the Pakwashaya - 

The four verities of food ingested – viz. 

Asita, Khadiata, Peeta and Leeda 

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qÉÉqÉÉvÉrÉÉimÉëcrÉÑiÉÇ mÉYuÉÉvÉrÉÉåmÉÎxjÉiÉÇ kÉÉUrÉÌiÉ - 

xÉÑ.vÉÉ 4/17 


9

Structural Aspect of 


In between Pakwashaya and Amashaya 

Holds the food at Pakwashaya 

These statements refer to the activity 

concern and states that the Pittadhara kala is 

as such below to that of the Ashaya which 

holds the undigested food and in the Ashaya 

which propels the digested food for 

absorption With the function of assimilation 

mÉYuÉÉqÉÉvÉrÉqÉkrÉxjÉÉaÉëWûhÉÏ mÉËUMüÐÌiÉïiÉÉ – 

AÉqÉÉvÉrÉÉimÉëcrÉÑiÉÇ mÉYuÉÉvÉrÉÉåmÉÎxjÉiÉÇ kÉÉUrÉÌiÉ - 

xÉÑ.vÉÉ 4/17 doctorksrprasad@gmail.com 

10

As the Sigmoid colon 

and Rectum are 

termed with “Pureesha 

Vaha srotas” and lined 

by “Pureeshadhara 

Kala” – these parts of 

GIT are ruled out of 

the discussion of 

pittadharakala 


11

From mouth till to and in the 

Amashaya – 4 food varieties 

are passed in undigested form 

– thus comfortably can be 

termed as Amashaya 


12

Consideration of Amashaya 

Amashaya is with undigested food 

Contemporary science explains as – 

carbohydrate digestion starts at mouth and 

protein at stomach and fats at duodenum 

As the fat digestion is continued till to that of 

Jejunum – it has to be considered even the 

duodenum is also as a part of Amashaya 

Even at the Jejunum, absorption doesn’t t takes 

place thus till to that of Ileum jejunum junction – 

Amashaya extends 


13

The part between 

Jejunum and Sigmiod 

colon is the Ileum – 

Pakwa-Amashaya 

madhya is the part 

anatomically to consider 

as Grahani or 



14

Functional Aspect of 

Pittadharakala 

It digests the 4 verities of food 

Digestion in terms of – Pachana – 

Vivechana – Mumchana 

All the functions of Pitta are attributed to 

Pittadharakala based on the concept of 

Adhara-Adheya 

Adheya bhava. . The integrity of 

the Pittadhara kala (Grahani)) depends 

upon the proper function of Agni so it can 

be termed as even “Agnidhra 

Kala” 

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xÉÇmÉëSÕwrÉiÉÏÌiÉ- xÉÑ.E¨ÉU- QûsWûhÉ 40/170 


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Enumeration & Examination 

of Functions 

Functions of Pittadharakala are enumerated by - 

Grahana - collection (Grahana 

Pittadharakala - Amashayastha) 

Pachana - digestion (Pachana 

Pittadharakala - Pachyamanashayastha) 

Vivechana & Mumunchana – Separation 

& Absorption (Vivechana 

Pittadharakala 

- Pakwashayastha) 


16

Grahana - collection 

The collection anomalies (Functional or 

Organic) are subjected to the movements 

of the stomach to make the food as 

amalgam and 

To initiate the normal peristaltic 

movements in the intestines 

Main diseases pertained are of Grahani 

roga – Kosta stabdhata - sroto sanga 

(carcinoma, etc) - etc,. Even Dosha wise 

diseases can be enumerated 


17

Pachana - digestion 

The digestion disturbances are well 

narrated in Ayurveda and many Agni inter 

linked diseases are explained 

To initiate the normal Agni, examination of 

Agni is necessary 

Main diseases pertained to Agni are - 

Agnimandya, 

Ajeerna, 

Parinama 

shoola, Annadrava shoola, , etc,. 


18

Summary of 

chemical 

events in 

digestion 


19

Vivechana & Mumunchana 

– Separation & Absorption 

Water, electrolytes, and vitamins can be 

absorbed without preliminary processing, but 

special transport mechanisms are commonly 

involved. 

The intestinal epithelium then absorbs the 

monosaccharides by facilitated diffusion and 

cotransport mechanisms. 

cells lining the small intestine will continue to 

absorb glucose when glucose concentrations 

inside the cells are much higher than they are in 

the intestinal contents. 


20

triglycerides, in company with absorbed 

steroids and phospholipids, are then coated 

with proteins, creating complexes known as 

chylomicrons 

amino acids, as well as those produced by 

the pancreatic enzymes, are absorbed 

through both facilitated diffusion and 

cotransport mechanisms 

The anions chloride, iodide, bicarbonate, and 

nitrate may be absorbed through diffusion or 

carrier-mediated transport. Phosphate and 

sulfate ions enter epithelial cells only 

through active transport. 


21

Here I wish to make a comment 

Ayurveda and Contemporary medicines are 

appropriative and doesn’t t fit one to another as 

like Relative theory and Quantum theory 

Ayurveda is like a Relative theory of Einsteen, 

which speaks about the “G” – Gravity 

On the other hand – contemporary medical 

sciences speak of Quantum theory of – 

Electromagnetism, Strong force and Weak force 

A major exercise is necessary to understand and 

bind the two poles of Health sciences 


22

Secretion and 

water 

absorption in 

the Digestive 

tract - suggests 

the placement 

of the 

Pittadhara 

Kala 

physiologically 

after the 

Duodenum 

and before to 

the Ileoceacal 

Valve 


Pureeshadhara 

Kala 


23


Pitta & Agni 

Ama 





24

Examination of Pitta & Agni 

There is no other Agni available in the 

body other than that of Pitta 1 

Agni is examined by the “Jarana 

shakti” 

Jarana Shakti is the capacity of digestion 

in terms of food taken under the 

stipulations and norms 

For this only questionnaire are sufficient 

Few of the concern terms are - 

1 lÉZÉsÉÑ ÌmÉ¨ÉurÉÌiÉUåMüÉSlrÉÉåÅÎalÉÂmÉsÉprÉiÉå - xÉÑ.xÉÔ.21/8 


25

Food in connection with 

digestion 

Aahaarasakti 

(Pachana Pittadhara kala) 

means the capacity to the intake of food and 

digestion 

How much a person can consume food without 

any discomfort is considered as 

Abhyavaharana sakti (Grahana 

Pittadhara 

kala) 

The proper digestion of food in time with out any 

discomfort is considered as the capacity of his 

digestion is Jarana sakti (Vivechana 

Pittadhara kala) 


26

AVIPAAKAH (Indigestion) is 

resultant of improper Agni 

Ajarakam 

Ajeernam 

Apaakah 

Apaktisaktih 

Paktinaasah are the synonyms of 

Avipaka. 


27

Impaired Pittadhara Kala means 

impaired Agni and development 

of Ama 

Ama Produces at GIT and also in Dhatus 

at Biochemical expression Ama can be 

• Improperly metabolized intermediate byproducts 

• Increased antigenicity 

• Free radicals 


28


Pitta & Agni 

Ama 





29

Ama Definition 

By definition Ama is - 

Apakwa Ahara - undigested food 

Shukta Ahara - fermented food 

Visharoopa Ahara - toxic like food 

Mala sanchaya - eliminative accumulation 

Ahara rasa shesha - left of rasa in 

Amashaya 

first stage of Dosha Dusti 

AmÉcrÉqÉÉlÉÇ vÉÑ£üiuÉÇ rÉÉirÉ³ÉÇ ÌuÉwÉÃmÉiÉÉqÉç - cÉ.ÍcÉ.15/42 


30

Enumeration and Examination of Ama 

It is difficult to enumerate quantitatively Ama in 

clinical aspect 

But it is not an Impossible task 

The normal terms come across are - Ushma - 

Adyadhatu and Amashaya 

Here the Ushma - Heat is the concern 

Ushma maintenance is done by Pitta of 

Amashaya (Pachakapitta) and Pitta of Twak 

(Bhrajakapitta) 

So, to examine Ama clinically is possible by 

examining the contextual Ama Lakshana and 

Twak 


31

Ama Lakshana (A.H.Su.13/24) 

Srotorodha - obstruction to channels 

Balabhramsha - loss of strength 

Gourava - heaviness 

Anila moodhata - loss of impulses 

Aalasya - laziness 

Apakti - loss of digestion 

Nisteeva -spitting 

Malasanga - accumulation of waste 

Aruchi - tastelessness 

Klama - fatigue - 

out of these except Srotorodha, Anila Moodhata and 

Malasanga rest are self explainable 


32

Srotorodha examination 

Out of the 13 srotas explained each and 

every srotas are individually examined 

along with specificity of Rasa and Rakta 

as they are related to pittadharakala 

directly. 

Any Atipravrutti - Apravrutti with reference to 

functions and 

Sira Granthi and Vimarga Gamana with the 

structure is considered 


33

Malasanga examination 

Mala are Pureesha - Mootra - Sweda 

at present context Pittadhara Kala separates the Mala 

and Sara in general is impaired to accumulate the Mala 

and obstructs or 

another understanding is the mala which is formed is not 

separated by the Pittadhara Kala 

The Mala are - biological end products which interfere 

the digestion and metabolism - 

eg. Enteroendocrine cells (Glands in the pylorus) 

produce at least seven different hormones, most notably 

the hormone gastrin (G cells) in the gastric pits of the 

pyloric antrum. The pyloric glands also contain D cells, 

which release somatostatin a hormone that inhibits 

gastrin release. 


34

Anila Moodhata examination 

The neural output proceeds via the 

parasympathetic division of the ANS and reaches 

the stomach by means of the vagus nerves 

As par Ayurveda - the Vata (Samana) in the Kosta 

is responsible for the Anna Grahana, Pachana, 

Vivechana 

thus the Kostashrita Vata is much clinically 

evaluated 

When Vagatomy or any surgical procedures under 

taken impulsive nerve reflexes lessens the 

enzymatic secretion in the Stomach or vice versa 


35

Skin in the examination of Ama 

The importance of the Twacha should not 

be forgotten as the “Ushma” is regulated 

by the it self 

Skin respires even 

the examination of Twacha includes with 

the - temperature variances, Temperature 

disturbances over the enzyme secretions 

and digestion 


36

Twak Gourawa, Twak Rodhata, Prabha- 

Chaya nasha, twakgata vata (Vyana) 

karma hani, , Non absorbability of skin, skin 

fatigue, Depositions of eliminative 

materials (Malasanga( 

Malasanga) – sweda abhavata 

– are common conditions of Ama in Twak 

At the time of Abhyanga - the Drug 

designated is absorbed and assimilated 

well by the Skin is witnessed as an 

example through Bhrajaka Pitta (Agni) 


37

Clinical Identification of Ama 

Where ever Ama is seated there - 

Sthambha - immobility 

Gourava - Heaviness 

Staneeya Deha Vishesha Vikara 

Dosha vishesha Saama Lakshana 

Dhatu vishesha Saama Lakshana - 

are seen 


38


Pitta & Agni 

Ama 

Ama Pradoshaja Pittadhara 

kala Janya Vyadhi 



39

Ama Pradoshaja Vyadhi 

If spreads upward - Vishuchika 

If spreads down ward - Alasaka 

with the Ajeerna it is called as Amavisha 

Amadosha, Amavatagrahani (Sangraha 

grahani), 

Amavata, , etc are considered as 

Amaja Vyadhi 

Apart from all the basic definition of 

“Amaya” includes all diseases in Ama 

with special reference to the Pittadhara 

Kala Janya vydhi 


40

Vardhakya & Pittadhara Kala 

AGING AND THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 

The rate of epithelial stem cell division 

declines 

The digestive epithelium becomes more 

susceptible to damage by abrasion, acids, or 

enzymes. Amlapitta, Parinama Shoola etc, Acid 

Peptic disorders, therefore become more likely. 

In the mouth, esophagus, and anus, the stratified 

epithelium (Pittadhara Kala) becomes thinner 

and more fragile. 


41

Smooth muscle tone decreases 

General motility decreases (Anila 

Moodhata), and peristaltic contractions 

are weaker. 

These changes slow the rate of fecal 

movement and promote constipation 

(Malasanga) 

Sagging and inflammation of the haustra 

in the colon can produce symptoms of 

diverticulosis (Vimargagamana) 


42

Straining to eliminate compacted fecal 

materials can stress the less-resilient walls 

of blood vessels, producing hemorrhoids 

(Arshas) 

Problems are not restricted to the lower 

digestive tract. For example, weakening of 

muscular sphincters can lead to esophageal 

reflux and frequent bouts of "heartburn." 

(Apakti-Amlodgara) 


43

The effects of cumulative damage become 

apparent 

A familiar example is the gradual loss of teeth 

due to dental caries or gingivitis. 

Cumulative damage can involve internal organs 

as well. 

Toxins (visha) such as alcohol and other 

injurious chemicals that are absorbed by the 

digestive tract are transported to the liver for 

processing (Bhutagnipaka). The cells of the liver 

are not immune to these toxic compounds, and 

chronic exposure can lead to cirrhosis or other 

types of liver disease. 


44

Cancer rates increase. Not surprisingly, cancers 

are most common in organs in which stem cells 

divide to maintain epithelial cell populations. Rates 

of colon cancer and stomach cancer rise in the 

elderly; oral and pharyngeal cancers are particularly 

common among elderly individuals who smoke. 

Changes in other systems have direct or indirect 

effects on the digestive system. For example, the 

reduction in bone mass and calcium content in 

the skeleton is associated with erosion of the tooth 

sockets and eventual tooth loss. 

The decline in olfactory and gustatory sensitivity 

with age can lead to dietary changes that affect the 

entire body. 


45

Ama (Mandagni) Nadi 

Ajeerna, Ama Dosha, invasion of Fever, 

Appetite, Vitiated Vata, Pitta and Kapha 

are known by the Hasta Nadi - Basava 

Rajeeyam 

AeÉÏhÉïqÉÉqÉ SÉåwÉÇcÉ euÉUxrÉaÉqÉlÉÇ ¤ÉÑjÉÉÇ, uÉÉiÉÌmÉ¨ÉMüTüÉlÉç 

SÒ¹ÉlÉç WûxiÉlÉÉQûÏ ÌlÉSvÉïrÉåiÉç - oÉxÉuÉUÉeÉÏrÉqÉç 


46

Agnimandya and 

Grahani roga Nadi 

At Mandagni Nadi is always slow 

like a Swan – but 

in Agnimandya and Grahani roga 

(Pittadhara Kala vikruti) Nadi at feet 

is like swan- slow, rhythmic 

(Mandagni Nadi) and at hand like a 

frog - jumping 

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mÉÉSåcÉ WûÇxÉaÉqÉlÉÉ MüUå qÉÇQÕûMüxÉÇmsÉuÉÉ 

iÉxrÉÉalÉåUÇSiÉÉ SåWåûiuÉkÉuÉÉ aÉëWûhÉÏ aÉS:- lÉÉQûÏlÉ¤É§ÉqÉÉsÉ 


47


Pitta & Agni 

Ama 





48

Normal patterns of Management 

Nidana Parivarjana 

Pachana 

Deepana 

snehana 

swedana 

Shodhana 

Are they sufficient to combat 

Pittadhara Kala Disease, which is 

deep rooted, wide spread and 

embedded with Ama 


49

ÌmÉ¨ÉkÉUÉMüsÉÉ 

ÉÉ LuÉqÉç 

Éç qÉeeÉÉkÉUÉMüsÉÉ 

Pitta vs Vata 

The contextual thoughts of the 

interference of Vata and Majjadhara kala 

makes panic to one – who wish to treat 

Ama in Vata Vyadhi (Pakshaghata( 

Pakshaghata) 

As already it is discussed about Ca+ 

absorption from the Ileum (Pittadhara 

Kala) is the right answer – that the Ca+ 

interference with the synape at Neuro- 

muscular junctions makes to either vitiate 

or pacify the vata (Expressional) 


50

Anulomana (Minor purgation) is the 

treatment for the Vata and Virechana 

(Major purgation) for that of Pitta and 

based upon Ashrayasrayee bhava 

even to that of the Pittadhara Kala 

Thus it is evident that the Ama of 

Pittadhara kala can be nullified 

appropriately used “Virechana 

– 

elimination” along with Deepana and 

Pachana 


51

The present discussion opens new 

thoughts as such – 

No specific patterns of treatment is used to 

eliminate the “Pittadhara 

kala” associated 

diseases of either exclusively structural or 

of functional 

Apart from above problem – Uthana and 

Leena Ama dosha is also seated 

Amashaya/Pakwashaya (Pittadhara( 

Kala) 

and Dhatus respectively 


52

As the problems of Grahana – 

Pachana – Vivechana – 

Mumunchana are individual; at a 

streach management is not 

adoptable 

What to do then 


53

Deepaneya 

– Churna 

– Arista 

– Ghruta – according to the 

situation has to be administered 

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mÉë ÉëÌuÉpÉerÉ rÉjÉÉuÉxjÉÇ 

rÉÉå ÉÉåeÉrÉå ÉåSè èaÉë ÉëWû ûhÉÏaÉSå 

å – oÉxÉuÉ UÉeÉÏrÉqÉç 

Éç 


54

Agnikarma – will it be a good 

treatment 

It is told as when a disease of the 

Pittadhara Kala is not possible to be 

treated with normal protocols – adopt 

“Agnikarma” 

Agnikarma has to be performed at 

“Veenasti 

moola - Trika” or 2 inches below 

to the Umbilicus 


55

Forgotten but best even 

not available for the divine - 

The Buttermilk – Takram is the best 

for any of the Pittadhara kala janya 

Vikara 

This is not Lassi – A shaken Curd 

Butter milk is to be prepared with 

always with 1 part of curd to 4 parts of 

water churned well and filtered with a 

cloth and with Hingu, Jeera, 

Saindhava, Sarshapa (Bhava 

Prakasha) 


56

Kayasya Antaragni chikitsa is Kayachikitsa 

Agni and Pitta are similar according to 

Susruta 

No other Agni is available in the body 

other than that of Pitta 

Pittadhara Kala associates with Pitta 

Pitta management is adoptable for 

Pittadhara kala Diseases even 

Proper care of Pittadhara Kala can prevent 

the Dosha Vitiation and Disease 

manifestation 


57

Amashayastha Grahana Pittadharakala 

– in comparison with the intrinsic factor 

is having the Rakta kala maryada 

(Blood) 

Pachyamanashayastha Pachana 

Pittadharakala has the relation with the 

Rasa Kala Maryada 

Pakwashayastha Vivechana 

Pittadharakala establishes the 

relationship with Majja kala maryada by 

absorbing Ca+ 

The kala maryada is used to establish 

the disease entity to treat appropriately 


58

After hearing all one has to decide what 

management protocol is to be adopted 

for an individual disease entity of 

Pittadhara Kala at the interference of 

Dosha and Ama in the continuity of 

Amashaya – Annavaha srotas and 

beginning of the Pakwashaya - 

Pureesha Vaha srotas – 

Pureeshadhara Kala – appropriately 

according to the situation and the 

symptomatology 


59

HAVE 

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mÉëÑccÉMåülÉ ÍvÉwrÉÉæ xÉÇvÉrÉÌlÉuÉëÑ¨ÉåÅÌmÉ aÉÑÂ: 

aÉÑÂ ÌuÉlÉ lÉ ÍvÉwrÉÉ: ÍvÉwrÉÌuÉlÉÉ lÉ aÉÑÂ 

Haral’s Academy of Vedic 

Education, Hyderabad 


60

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doctorksrprasad@sify.com 


61

Pittadhara Kala - Techno Ayurveda

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