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S. M. Carvalho-Ribeiro & T. Pinto-Correia 2010. Forests in landscapes: modelling forest land cover patterns suitability 696 2.2 Developing new framework for assessing the suitability of different landscapes in providing landscape functions After developing best possible forest land cover patterns for different landscape functions a following step intends to create a framework able to prioritize a set of functions according to predefined criteria. The conceptual models is based on the premises that not all landscapes are adequate to provide all functions being thus likely that certain areas are more suited to specific functions than areas with contrasting characteristics. The LAM Landscape Amenity Model, developed together with the IFS (Pinto-Correia 2009a) will be further developed and tested in this project.. The LAM has been designed as the modelling tool that allows for a comparison between different land cover petterns, both those corresponding to the best possible combinations for selected functions and those resulting from identified scenarios of change, being this comparison supported on thre IFS. The landscape pattern (created from expert knowledge models (2.1.2 and 2.1.3) and from public preferences surveys (2.1.4)) will be compared for two scenario landscape patterns by using the LAM. In the LAM the Index of Function Suitability (IFS) evaluates the adaptatibility of a landscape to provide a function (Pinto-Correia et al., 2009a). By using the LAM best possible landscape patterns for different functions will be compared with scenario storylines in order to undertake an ex-ante evaluations of whether or not future forest land cover will be able to provide a set of pre-defined landscape functions. Also the suitability of Cávado and Sado in providing different landscape functions will be explored and contrasted. 3. Questions still to be solved When needed, and if there will be data or knowledge that allows the identification of other best possible patterns, for other functions, the evaluation path hereby presented can be expanded. It is not the aim here to be exhaustive the functions selected have been chosen due to their relevance in the study areas considered. In addition to the previous it is also an aim of the project to contribute for the methodological development, through a successive conceptualization, testing and improvement of research approaches able to grasp with the linkeages between land cover and land function independently if those functions are either ecological or based on social demand. , Identifying best possible landscape patterns, or preferred patterns, can easily be criticised, as those best patterns demand, on one side, a high degree of simplification concerning the landscape in itself, and, on the other, they are based on the assumption that a generalised best pattern can be identified, even for functions dependent on public preferences. But still, this approach has been built up step by step taking care of the relevant literature, and has the advantage of being flexible so that it can be applied to multiple landscapes, multiple functions, and multiple scenarios. There is still much to play regarding the complex task of linking forest spatial patterns with landscape functions. This paper presents and explains a methodological framework able to deal with these issues. There is still uncertainty regarding the approach proposed and certainly there will be drawbacks, but the risk is taken in face of the urge imposed to the scientific community by policy makers. Policy makers are dealing with the formulation and targeting of public policies that should deal with the provision of public goods, and thus with their assessment for a given scale of analysis is of utmost importance. As previously referred this work is still in progress therefore comments, suggestions and discussion of alternative approaches will be very much appreciated. Forest Landscapes and Global Change-New Frontiers in Management, Conservation and Restoration. Proceedings of the IUFRO Landscape Ecology Working Group International Conference, September 21-27, 2010, Bragança, Portugal. J.C. Azevedo, M. Feliciano, J. Castro & M.A. Pinto (eds.) 2010, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.
S. M. Carvalho-Ribeiro & T. Pinto-Correia 2010. Forests in landscapes: modelling forest land cover patterns suitability 697 References Botequilha Leitao, A., Ahern, J., 2002, Applying landscape ecological concepts and metrics in sustainable landscape planning, Landscape and Urban Planning 59(2):65-93. Carvalho-Ribeiro, S. M., 2009, The role of multifunctional forests in sustainable landscapes: A case study from Portugal, in: PhD Thesis, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich. Carvalho-Ribeiro, S. M., Lovett, A., 2009, Associations between forest characteristics and socio-economic development: A case study from Portugal, Journal of Environmental Management 90:2873-2881. Carvalho-Ribeiro, S. M., Lovett, A., 2010, Is an attractive forest well managed Correlating public preferences for forests across rural/urban gradients, Submitted to Forest Policy and Economics. Accepted for publication in April 2010. Carvalho-Ribeiro, S. M., Lovett, A., O'Riordan, T., 2010, Multifunctional forest management in Northern Portugal: Moving from scenarios to governance for sustainable development, Land Use Policy (in press) doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2010.02.008 de Groot, R., Hein, L., 2007, Concepts and valuation of landscape functions at different scales, in: Multifunctional land use: meeting future demands for landscape goods and services (U. Mander, H. Wiggering, K. Helming, eds.), Springer, Berlin, pp. 14-36. de Groot, R. S., Wilson, M. A., Boumans, R. M. J., 2002, A typology for the classification, description and valuation of ecosystem functions, goods and services, Ecological Economics 41(SPECIAL ISSUE: The Dynamics and Value of Ecosystem Services: Integrating Economic and Ecological Perspectives):393–408. Eastman, J. R., 2006, IDRISI Andes Manual, Clark Labs, Clark University. Worcester. MA. USA. Fisher, B., Costanza, R., Turner, K., Morling, P., 2004, Defining and Classifying Ecosystem Services for Decision Making, in: CSERGE Working Paper EDM 07-04 (CSERGE, ed.), UEA, Norwich. Folke, C., Hahan, T., Olsson, P., Norberg, J., 2005, Adaptative governance of social- ecological systems, Annual Review Environmental Resources 30:8.1-8.33. Malczewski, J., 2004, GIS-based land-use suitability analysis: a critical overview, Progress in Planning 62:3-65. McGarigal, K., Cushman, S. A., Neel, M. C., Ene, E., 2002, FRAGSTATS: Spatial pattern analysis program for categorical maps, Computer software program produced by the authors at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst., www.umass.edu/landeco/research/fragstats/fragstats.htm, 2009/03/09. Pinto-Correia, T., Machado, C., Picchi, P., 2009a, Assessing how landscapes under different scenarios of change support amenities: the Index of Function Suitability, Land Use Policy (submitted, July 2009). Pinto-Correia, T., Machado, C., Picchi, P., Ollson, J. A., Turpin, N., Bousset, J. P., Bockstaller, C., Bezlepkina, I., 2009b, Landscapes Amenities Model (LAM), Integrated Project EU FP 6 (contract n. 010036), SEAMLESS- System for Environmental and Agricultural Modelling; Linking European Science and Society. Selman, P., 2006, Planning at the landscape scale, Routledge, London and New York, pp. 213. Slee, B., 2007, Landscape goods and services related to forestry land use, in: Multifunctional land use: Meeting future demands for landscape goods and services (U. Mander, H. Wiggering, K. Helming, eds.), Springer, Berlin, pp. 64-82. Turner, K. R., Daily, G. C., 2008, The Ecosystem Services Framework and Natural Capital Conservation, Environmental and Resource Economics 39:25-35. Turner, M. G., 1989, Landscape Ecology: The effect of pattern on process, Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 20:171-197. Turner, M. G., 2005, Landscape Ecology: What is the state of science, Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 36:319-344. Forest Landscapes and Global Change-New Frontiers in Management, Conservation and Restoration. Proceedings of the IUFRO Landscape Ecology Working Group International Conference, September 21-27, 2010, Bragança, Portugal. J.C. Azevedo, M. Feliciano, J. Castro & M.A. Pinto (eds.) 2010, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.
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Landscapes Forest and Global Change
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The contributions to this volume ha
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Table of contents Foreword Preface
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Fine-scale mapping of High Nature V
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Characterization of a Maculinea alc
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Urban tree inventory and socio-econ
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xiii Foreword Twenty years ago, Dr.
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Section 1 Scaling in landscape anal
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V. Cortes et al. 2010. Environmenta
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D. S. de Ron et al. 2010. Habitat s
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B. Bożętka 2010. Recent relations
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S.F. Chen et al. 2010. A physiotope
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V.D. de Campos & S M. Carvalho 2010
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N.S. Evseeva & Z.N. Kvasnikova 2010
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N.S. Evseeva & Z.N. Kvasnikova 2010
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S. Frank et al. 2010. A regionally
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M. García et al. 2010. The effect
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M. García et al. 2010. The effect
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S. Gholami et al. 2010. Spatial pat
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P. González-Moreno et al. 2010. Th
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T. Höbinger et al. 2010. Impact of
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P. Matos et al. 2010. Can lichen fu
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E.S. Meier et al. 2010. Projections
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E.S. Meier et al. 2010. Projections
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H. Moutahir et al. 2010. Applicatio
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H. Moutahir et al. 2010. Applicatio
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C. Palaghianu 2010. The use of Voro
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F. Peña-Cortés et al. 2010. Spati
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F.M. Rabenilalana et al. 2010. Mult
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A. Ruskule et al. 2010. Patterns of
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E. Sayad 2010. Nitrogen retrancloca
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E. Sayad 2010. Nitrogen retrancloca
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G. Zhelezov 2010. Evaluation of the
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Section 3 Disturbances in changing
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A. Altamirano et al. 2010. Human-ca
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A. Altamirano et al. 2010. Human-ca
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T. Curt & J. Pausas 2010. Are chang
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R.A Fleming et al. 2010. Forest man
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R.A Fleming et al. 2010. Forest man
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P.C. Goebel et al. 2010. How import
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L.R. Iverson et al. 2010. Merger of
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T.-C. Lin et al. 2010. Immediate ef
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K. L. Martin & P.C. Goebel 2010. Im
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G.M. Pastur et al. 2010. Indirect e
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E.W Saragih et al. 2010. Effects of
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L.R.P. Williamson et al. 2010. Anth
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N. Zurbriggen et al. 2010. Modeling
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Section 4 Biodiversity conservation
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Akbarzadeh et al. 2010. Ecotourism
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Akbarzadeh et al. 2010. Ecotourism
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C. Carvalho-Santos 2010. Fine-scale
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I. Catalano et al. 2010. Wood macro
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R.A. Diaz-Varela et al. 2010. Exten
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R.A. Diaz-Varela et al. 2010. Asses
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P.A.E. Diogo & J. Aranha 2010. GIS
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P.A.E. Diogo & J. Aranha 2010. GIS
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V. Etemad & N. Avani 2010. Investig
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A.E. Eycott et al. 2010. The impact
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E. Fernández-Núñez et al. 2010.
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N. Fracassi & D. Somma 2010. Partic
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J. Hartter et al. 2010. Fortresses
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M.B. Horta et al. 2010. Landscape S
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J.O. López-Martínez et al. 2010.
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Sara Marques et al. 2010. Impact of
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M.G.C. Martins & J. Aranha 2010. El
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M.G.C. Martins & J. Aranha 2010. El
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J.-F. Mas et al. 2010. Modeling lan
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R.S. Moro & T.K. Pereira 2010. Eval
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R.S. Moro & C.H Rocha 2010. A metho
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V. Núñez et al. 2010. Landscape i
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S.G. Plexida & A.I. Sfougaris 2010.
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A. Poljanec & A. Boncina 2010. Chan
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M. Redon & S. Luque 2010. Tengmalm
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M.C.C. Rodrigues et al. 2010. Contr
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M.C. Silva et al. 2010. Using Busin
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T.N. Terra & R.F dos Santos 2010. L
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E. Tetetla-Rangel et al. 2010. Rela
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M. Tsibulnikova 2010. Economic esti
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M. Akbarzadeh & E. Kouhgardi 2010.
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B. Baran-Zgłobicka & W. Zgłobicki
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B. Baran-Zgłobicka & W. Zgłobicki
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J. Beldade & T. Panagopoulos 2010.
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S.M. Carvalho & A.R. de Freitas 201
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R.A. Diaz-Varela et al. 2010. Quant
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I. Duarte & F.C. Rego 2010. Land us
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J.S.V. Filho & M.L. Leite 2010. Sim
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F.J. Gómez et al. 2010. Land use c
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M.L. Leite & J.S.V. Filho2010. Anal
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M.L. Leite & J.S.V. Filho2010. Anal
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M.L.Leite & J.S.V. Filho 2010. Iden
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M. Ortega et al. 2010. Monitoring v
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G. Puddu et al. 2010. Landscape tra
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H.R. Ratsimba et al. 2010. Multi-sc
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M.C. Rodrigues et al. 2010. Charact
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M.C. Rodrigues et al. 2010. Charact
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M.T.C. Rodrigues & V. Silva 2010. L
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J. Schaefer-Santos & C. Lingnau 201
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S.M. Scheffer & E. Schimanski 2010.
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S.M. Scheffer & E. Schimanski 2010.
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J. Superson et al. 2010. The defore
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A.L. Teixido et al. 2010. Impacts o
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H. Viana & J. Aranha 2010. Assessin
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H. Viana & J. Aranha 2010. Mapping
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Section 6 Tools of landscape assess
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N. Avani et al. 2010. Investigation
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J.C. Azevedo et al. 2010. Spatial d
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T. Batista et al. 2010. The third d
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V. Caboun 2010. New classification
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A.M. Carvalho et al. 2010. Connecti
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M. Deconchat et al. 2010. Identific
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J. Gaspar et al. 2010. Visibility a
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J. Gaspar et al. 2010. Visibility a
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A.M. Geraldes 2010. Landscape runof
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A.M. Geraldes & M.J. Boavida 2010.
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K. Koschke et al. 2010. Using a mul
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J.-F. Mas et al. 2010. Assessing
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A. Matos et al. 2010. Economic valu
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A. Migliozzi et al. 2010. Land-use
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M.L Porto et al. 2010. Naturalness
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M.L Porto et al. 2010. Naturalness
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M. Rehor & V. Ondracek 2010. Applic
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J. Russell et al. 2010. Developing
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Section 7 Management and sustainabi
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P. Angelstam & M. Elbakidze. 2010.
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M. Castro et al. 2010. Relationship
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M. Elbakidze et al. 2010. Does fore
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F. Fonseca & T. de Figueiredo 2010.
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A. Gil-Tena et al. 2010. Disentangl
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M.B. Horta & E. Keizer 2010. Assess
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E. Kouhgardi & M. Akbarzadeh 2010.
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E. Kouhgardi et al. 2010. Values of
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E. Kouhgardi et al. 2010. Values of
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E. Schimanski 2010. The importance
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L.A.M. da Silva & E. Shimanki 2010.
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N. Stryamets et al. 2010. Role of n
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E. Volkova 2010. The regional analy
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I. Löfström et al. 2010. Biodiver
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Section 9 Symposia
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Z.L. Urech & J.P. Sorg 2010. Taking
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Measures of landscape structure as
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E.R. Diaz-Varela et al. 2010. Multi
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J.L. Hernández-Stefanoni et al. 20
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