Landscapes Forest and Global Change - ESA - Escola Superior ...

N.S. Evseeva & Z.N. Kvasnikova 2010. Ecological aspects of soils deflation development in agrolandscapes
35
The average depth of soils blowing out varies from 0,1 mm up to 0,4 mm. The amount of aeol
deposits accumulation during the observation period changed in the plowland from 2,5-2,7 g/m 2
(2005-06), up to 824 g/m 2 during the cold season of the year in 2002-2003.
In should be noted that in the cedar forest bordering on the Luchanovo area from the east less
than 18,8 g/m 2 of fine grained soil was gathered in snow thickness during the first stage. In the
season of snow melting the intensity of aeol processes is high and intermittent which is due to
air and soil temperature change, wind velocity, snowfall, etc. Selecting samples from the snow
surface using the centre profiles shows that a great amount of aeol material can be accumulated
in plowland: from 0,83 g/m 2 to 224,5 g/m 2 , and in the cedar forest – from 0,285 g/m 2 to 1,0
g/m 2 . When strong snow storms occur, up to 236 g/m 2 of fine grained soil is gathered within
twenty four hours. The granulometric composition of aeol deposits is varied enough but dusty
particles prevail: dust-up to 90%, fine grained sand-up to 21%, silt – 30%.
Deflation and accumulation have a great effect on the ecological and geochemical processes in
taiga agrolandscape territory. They cause the acceleration of natural and technogenic biophyle
elements and humus migration, redistribution of the aeol material mass within a plowland and
the near – by areas, accumulation of chemical elements and heavy metals as well. The
macroelements essential to agricultural plants are removed and redistributed from deflation
centres. Humus content in aeol deposits reaches 3,5%, N (nitrogen) up to 0,62%, P (phosphorus)
– 0.56%, Cu (copper) – 95 g/t, Pb (plumbum = lead) – 16 g/t, Zn (zink) up to 68 g/t, Ba
(barium) – 860 g/t, V (vanadium) – 146 g/t, etc.
The study of the modern aeol processes during the cold season of the year in the agrolandscapes
of the south-eastern Western Siberian taiga zone has shown:
1). their development is of a cyclic character which may be well observed in the course of 2-3 or
5-6 summer cycles. From 1988-89, 2000-04 aeol processes were extremely active during the
cold season of the year.
2). aeol processes in a plowland affect the fertility of soils changing its mechanical, physical and
chemical properties.
References
Sazhin A.N., Vasilyev Ju.I., 2003. Geographical Regularities of Modern Deflation in the
Eastern Europe and Western Siberian Steppes. Geomorphology, N1, 79-82.
Chichagov V.P. 1999. Aeol Relief of Eastern Mongolia. The Institute of Geography of the
Russian Academy of Sciences, 269 p.
Tanzybaev M.G., Slavnina T.P. 1975. Extraordinary Phenomenon in the Nature of the Tomsk
Region. Glacioclimatology of Western Siberia. Leningrad, Vol. 9, 155-160.
Evseeva N.S., Kvasnikova Z.N, Osintseva N.V., Romashova T.V., 2001. Field Research of
Soils Deflation of the Tom-Yaya Inter-River Area During the Cold Season of the Year.
Ecological Risk: Proceedings of the 2 d All-Russian Conference. Irkutsk, 256-258.
Evseeva N.S., Slutsky V.N., 2005. Climatology Factor of Aeol Processes Development in the
South-East of the Western-Siberian plain. Geography and Natural Resources, N4, 75-79.
Larionov G.A. 1993. Erosion and Soils deflation: the Major Regularities and Quantitative
Estimation Moscow: the Moscow University Publishing Centre, 200 p.
Belgibaev M.E. 1972. Natural Conditions of Soils Deflation and Soil and Erosion Division into
Districts of the North-Turgai Plain. Synopsis of the Thesis of the Candidate of the
Geographical Sciences. Alma-Ata, 22 p.
Lyubtsova E.M. 1994. Aeol Migration of a Substance and Its Role in the Fluorine Distribution
in the Southern Landscape of Minusinsk Depression. Geography and Natural Resources,
N2, 86-91.
Forest Landscapes and Global Change-New Frontiers in Management, Conservation and Restoration. Proceedings of the IUFRO Landscape Ecology
Working Group International Conference, September 21-27, 2010, Bragança, Portugal. J.C. Azevedo, M. Feliciano, J. Castro & M.A. Pinto (eds.)
2010, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.