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H.R. Ratsimba et al. 2010. Multi-scale analysis of carbon stocks and deforestation monitoring 403 Humbert H., 1927. La Destruction d'une Flore Insulaire par le Feu. Mémoires de L'Académie Malgache, Fascicule V, Tananarive. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 2001. Climate Change 2001: Working Group I: The Scientific Basis. Cambridge University Press, New York. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 2003. Good practice guidance for Land Use, Land Use change and Forestry (LULUCF). Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, Hayama, Japan. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 2006. Guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories. Vol. 4, Agriculture, Forestry and other Land Use (AFOLU). Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, Hayama, Japan. Jenkins M. D., 1987. Madagascar: An Environmental Profile. IUCN, Gland. Jolly A. and Jolly R., 1984. Malagasy economics and conservation: A tragedy without villains. In Jolly A., Oberlé P., and Roland R. (eds.) Key Environments: Madagascar. Pergamon Press, Oxford, p. 211-217. Kraenzel M., Castillo A., Moore T. and Potvin C., 2003. Carbon storage of harvest-age teak (Tectona grandis) plantations, Panama. Forest Ecology and Management, 173(1-3): 213- 225. Laclau, P., 2003. Biomass and carbon sequestration of ponderosa pine plantations and native cypress forests in northwest Patagonia. Forest Ecology and Management, 180(1-3): 317-333. Lewis B.A., Phillipson P.B., Andrianarisata M., Rahajasoa G., Rakotomalaza P.J., Randriambolona M. and McDonagh J.F., 1996. A study of the Botanical Structure, Composition, and Diversity of the Eastern Slopes of the Réserve Naturelle Intégrale d’Andringitra, Madagascar. In S. M. Goodman (ed). A floral and Faunal Inventory of the Eastern Slopes of the Réserve Naturelle Intégrale d’Andringitra, Madagascar: with reference to elevational variation. Fieldiana: Zoology, new series, 85: 24-75. Losi C.J., Siccama T.G., Condit R. and Morales J.E., 2003. Analysis of alternative methods for estimating carbon stock in young tropical plantations. Forest Ecology and Management, 184(1-3): 355-368. McNeely J. A., Miller K. R., Reid W. V., Mittermeier R. A. and Werner T. B., 1990. Conserving the World's Biological Diversity. IUCN, WRI, CI, WWF-US, and World Bank, Gland and Washington, D.C. Mittermeier R. A., Konstant W. R., Nicoll M. E., and Langarand O., 1992. Lemurs of Madagascar: An Action Plan for Their Conservation, 1993-1999. IUCN, Gland. Myers, N., 1988. Threatened biotas: "Hotspots" in tropical forests. Environmentalist 8: 1-20. Population Reference Bureau (1992). World Populations Data Sheet. Washington, D. C. Rakoto Ratsimba H., Rajoelison L. G., Rakotondrasoa L. O., Eckert S., Hergarten C. et Ehrensperger A., 2010. Dégradation des forêts et stock de carbone dans la biomasse épigée de la forêt dense humide de Manompana – Nord Est de Madagascar. Conférence scientifique internationale sur les technologies en faveur du développement EPFL – Chaire UNESCO. Rauh W., 1979. Problems of biological conservation in Madagascar. In Bramweil D. (ed.), Plants and Islands. Academic press, London, p. 405-421. Samalca I. K., De Gier A. et Li Hussin Y., 2007. Estimation of tropical forest biomass for assessment of carbon sequestration using regression models and remote sensing in Berau, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Department of Natural Resources. The International Institute for Geoinformation Science and Earth Observation (ITC). Asian Conference on Remote Sensing (ACRS). 6p. Sussman R. W., Richard A. F., and Ravelojaona G. (1985). Madagascar: Current projects and problems in conservation. Primate Conservation 5: 53-59. Sussman R. W., Green G. M. and Sussman L. K., 1994. Satellite Imagery, Human Ecology, Anthropology, and Deforestation in Madagascar.Human Ecology, vol 22, N°3. White F., 1983. The vegetation of Africa, a descriptive memoire to accompany UNESCO/AETFAT Vegetation map of Africa. UNESCO, Paris. Forest Landscapes and Global Change-New Frontiers in Management, Conservation and Restoration. Proceedings of the IUFRO Landscape Ecology Working Group International Conference, September 21-27, 2010, Bragança, Portugal. J.C. Azevedo, M. Feliciano, J. Castro & M.A. Pinto (eds.) 2010, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.
M.C. Rodrigues et al. 2010. Characterization of a Maculinea alcon population in the Alvão Natural Park (Portugal) 404 Characterization of a Maculinea alcon population in the Alvão Natural Park (Portugal) by a mark-recapture method Maria Conceição Rodrigues 1,2 , Patrícia Soares 3 , José Aranha 1,2 & Paula Seixas Arnaldo 1,2* 1 Departamento de Ciências Florestais e Arquitectura Paisagista, Universidade de Trásos-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal 2 CITAB, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal 3 GETER, Grupo de Estudos Territoriais, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal Abstract The blue alcon, Maculinea alcon located at the Alvão Natural Park was studied by markrecapture methods in order to estimate population size and flight range of the butterflies. Sampling was made between 2007 and 2009. The results showed that maculinea population size has increased along the studied period with an estimated density at the peak of the flight period of 190 butterflies in 2007, 392 in 2008 and 1653 in 2009. The number of captured males was higher at the beginning of the flight period while females increase gradually over the flight period. The average value of the sex ratio was 0.9 in 2007, 1.4 in 2008 and 1.2 in 2009. The flight range of the butterflies did not show significant differences between sexes and an average value of about 12 m were recorded. Thus the results indicate that this population is in expansion and not threatened by extinction. Keywords: Maculinea alcon L, population estimate, mark-recapture method 1. Introduction As a result of their extraordinary life cycle, Maculinea butterflies are typical representatives of the most threatened species in Europe (Wynhoff 1998; Mungira and Martin 1999; Van Swaay and Warren 1999). Like most other Lepidoptera species, Maculinea alcon lays the eggs on a selected host plant, the Gentiana pneumonanthe. However, caterpillars do not complete development on the plant. Instead they are voluntarily carried by Myrmica ants to their nests. Once in the nest, caterpillars are fed by the ants until complete larval development (Thomas 1995). Thus, protecting the butterfly is protecting the whole complex systems because, both the host plant and the ant nests are essential for the successful development of Maculinea alcon. In Portugal, the Alvão Natural Park is the only known place where is it possible to see Maculinea alcon flying. In the past, several populations of the blue alcon were reported by local people but with the habitat fragmentation and abandonment of extensive management many of those populations disappeared. However, there still exist some small populations that need to be studied. Therefore, the population density, the probability of survival and the dispersal ability are important study population features that can lead to programmes of conservation. In this study we examined population size, sex ratio and movements that characterize a Maculinea alcon population located at the Alvão Natural Park, which is a part of a Site of Community Importance (SCI) for the Mediterranean biogeographical region, listed in 2006 by the European Commission. * Corresponding author. Tel.: + 00 351 259 350 555 Email address: parnaldo@utad.pt Forest Landscapes and Global Change-New Frontiers in Management, Conservation and Restoration. Proceedings of the IUFRO Landscape Ecology Working Group International Conference, September 21-27, 2010, Bragança, Portugal. J.C. Azevedo, M. Feliciano, J. Castro & M.A. Pinto (eds.) 2010, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.
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Landscapes Forest and Global Change
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The contributions to this volume ha
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Table of contents Foreword Preface
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Fine-scale mapping of High Nature V
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Characterization of a Maculinea alc
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Urban tree inventory and socio-econ
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xiii Foreword Twenty years ago, Dr.
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Section 1 Scaling in landscape anal
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V. Cortes et al. 2010. Environmenta
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D. S. de Ron et al. 2010. Habitat s
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B. Bożętka 2010. Recent relations
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S.F. Chen et al. 2010. A physiotope
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V.D. de Campos & S M. Carvalho 2010
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N.S. Evseeva & Z.N. Kvasnikova 2010
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N.S. Evseeva & Z.N. Kvasnikova 2010
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S. Frank et al. 2010. A regionally
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M. García et al. 2010. The effect
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M. García et al. 2010. The effect
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S. Gholami et al. 2010. Spatial pat
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P. González-Moreno et al. 2010. Th
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T. Höbinger et al. 2010. Impact of
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P. Matos et al. 2010. Can lichen fu
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E.S. Meier et al. 2010. Projections
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E.S. Meier et al. 2010. Projections
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H. Moutahir et al. 2010. Applicatio
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H. Moutahir et al. 2010. Applicatio
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C. Palaghianu 2010. The use of Voro
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F. Peña-Cortés et al. 2010. Spati
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F.M. Rabenilalana et al. 2010. Mult
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A. Ruskule et al. 2010. Patterns of
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E. Sayad 2010. Nitrogen retrancloca
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E. Sayad 2010. Nitrogen retrancloca
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G. Zhelezov 2010. Evaluation of the
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Section 3 Disturbances in changing
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A. Altamirano et al. 2010. Human-ca
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A. Altamirano et al. 2010. Human-ca
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T. Curt & J. Pausas 2010. Are chang
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R.A Fleming et al. 2010. Forest man
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R.A Fleming et al. 2010. Forest man
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P.C. Goebel et al. 2010. How import
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L.R. Iverson et al. 2010. Merger of
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T.-C. Lin et al. 2010. Immediate ef
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K. L. Martin & P.C. Goebel 2010. Im
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G.M. Pastur et al. 2010. Indirect e
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E.W Saragih et al. 2010. Effects of
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L.R.P. Williamson et al. 2010. Anth
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N. Zurbriggen et al. 2010. Modeling
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Section 4 Biodiversity conservation
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Akbarzadeh et al. 2010. Ecotourism
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Akbarzadeh et al. 2010. Ecotourism
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C. Carvalho-Santos 2010. Fine-scale
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I. Catalano et al. 2010. Wood macro
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R.A. Diaz-Varela et al. 2010. Exten
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R.A. Diaz-Varela et al. 2010. Asses
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P.A.E. Diogo & J. Aranha 2010. GIS
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P.A.E. Diogo & J. Aranha 2010. GIS
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V. Etemad & N. Avani 2010. Investig
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A.E. Eycott et al. 2010. The impact
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E. Fernández-Núñez et al. 2010.
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N. Fracassi & D. Somma 2010. Partic
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J. Hartter et al. 2010. Fortresses
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M.B. Horta et al. 2010. Landscape S
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J.O. López-Martínez et al. 2010.
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Sara Marques et al. 2010. Impact of
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M.G.C. Martins & J. Aranha 2010. El
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M.G.C. Martins & J. Aranha 2010. El
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J.-F. Mas et al. 2010. Modeling lan
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R.S. Moro & T.K. Pereira 2010. Eval
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R.S. Moro & C.H Rocha 2010. A metho
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V. Núñez et al. 2010. Landscape i
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S.G. Plexida & A.I. Sfougaris 2010.
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M. Redon & S. Luque 2010. Tengmalm
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M.C.C. Rodrigues et al. 2010. Contr
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M.C. Silva et al. 2010. Using Busin
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T.N. Terra & R.F dos Santos 2010. L
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E. Tetetla-Rangel et al. 2010. Rela
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M. Tsibulnikova 2010. Economic esti
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M. Akbarzadeh & E. Kouhgardi 2010.
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J. Beldade & T. Panagopoulos 2010.
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S.M. Carvalho & A.R. de Freitas 201
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N. Avani et al. 2010. Investigation
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M. Deconchat et al. 2010. Identific
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J. Gaspar et al. 2010. Visibility a
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J.-F. Mas et al. 2010. Assessing
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A. Migliozzi et al. 2010. Land-use
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M.L Porto et al. 2010. Naturalness
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M.L Porto et al. 2010. Naturalness
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M. Rehor & V. Ondracek 2010. Applic
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J. Russell et al. 2010. Developing
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Section 7 Management and sustainabi
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P. Angelstam & M. Elbakidze. 2010.
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M. Castro et al. 2010. Relationship
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E. Kouhgardi et al. 2010. Values of
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E. Schimanski 2010. The importance
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E. Volkova 2010. The regional analy
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I. Löfström et al. 2010. Biodiver
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A.C.R. de Oliveira & S.M. Carvalho
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Section 9 Symposia
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Z.L. Urech & J.P. Sorg 2010. Taking
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Measures of landscape structure as
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Network theory to conserve and reco
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S. Decout et al. 2010. Connectivity
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B. Terrones et al. 2010. Detecting
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Management and conservation of Medi
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P.M. Fernandes et al. 2010. Testing
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E. Andrieu et al. 2010. When forest
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D. Geni et al. 2010. A framework fo
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IUFRO Unit 8.01.02 Landscape Ecolog
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