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Landscapes Forest and Global Change - ESA - Escola Superior ...

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V. Núñez et al. 2010. L<strong>and</strong>scape integration of Mediterranean reforestations: identification of best practices in Madrid region<br />

282<br />

The punctual soil-preparation techniques making a hole <strong>and</strong> constructing small runoff collectors<br />

(minicatchments) are preferred to linear <strong>and</strong> surface treatments that prepare the soil in general<br />

all over the plantation surface.<br />

Areas that have normally been considered more difficult to restore due to a de-structured profile,<br />

to the presence of superficial physical crusts <strong>and</strong> to a scarce vegetal cover are the ones showing<br />

a better response to minicatchments system (Bocio et al. 2004; De Simón 2006). Best practices<br />

were identified in “Navas Pinarejo” forest <strong>and</strong> “Sureste” Regional Park.<br />

3.3.6. Protection of the reforestation area<br />

Individual shelters do not show consistent better results than boundary fences for reforestation<br />

survival (Costa 2003; Sharew <strong>and</strong> Hairston-Strang 2005; Bergez <strong>and</strong> Dupraz 2009). Visual<br />

impact depends on the colour integration <strong>and</strong> visibility (Ammer <strong>and</strong> Pröbstl 1991). They cause<br />

temporal impact if they are removed. Best practices were described in “Canencia”, “Navas y<br />

Pinarejo” <strong>and</strong> “La Morcuera” forests.<br />

4. Conclusion<br />

The proposed array of principles <strong>and</strong> criteria offers considerable promise to l<strong>and</strong>scape discipline<br />

incorporation in reforestation activities <strong>and</strong> should be view as a push to sustainable forest<br />

management <strong>and</strong> best practices identification.<br />

References<br />

Ammer, U. <strong>and</strong> Pröbstl, U., 1991. Freizeit und Natur. Probleme und Lösungsmöglichkeiten<br />

einer ökologisch verträglichen Freizaitnutzung (Tiempo Libre y Naturaleza. Problemas<br />

y soluciones de un uso ecológico y sostenible del recreo). Verlag Paul Parey, Hamburg.<br />

Bergez, J.E. <strong>and</strong> Dupraz, C., 2009. Radiation <strong>and</strong> thermal microclimate in tree shelter. Agric.<br />

For. Meteorol., 149 (1): 179-186.<br />

Bocio, I., Navarro, F.B., Ripoll, M.A., Jiménez, M.N. <strong>and</strong> De Simón, E., 2004. Holm oak<br />

(Quercus rotundifolia Lam.) <strong>and</strong> Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) response to<br />

different soil preparation techniques applied to forestation in ab<strong>and</strong>oned farml<strong>and</strong>.<br />

Annals of <strong>Forest</strong> Science, 61 (2): 171-178.<br />

Cortina, J., Peñuelas, J.L., Puértolas, J., Savé, R. <strong>and</strong> Vilagrosa, A., 2006. Calidad de planta<br />

forestal para la restauración en ambientes mediterráneos. Estado actual de<br />

conocimientos. Organismo Autónomo Parques Nacionales. Ministerio de Medio<br />

Ambiente, Madrid.<br />

Costa, J.C., 2003. Evaluación de la aplicación de tubos y mejoradores en repoblaciones<br />

forestales. Dirección General de Gestión del Medio Natural, Consejería de Medio<br />

Ambiente, Junta de Andalucía, Sevilla.<br />

Dajoz, R., 2002. Tratado de ecología. Mundi Prensa, Madrid.<br />

De Lucio, J.V., Atauri Mezquida, J.A., Sastre Olmos, P. <strong>and</strong> Martínez Al<strong>and</strong>i, C., 2003.<br />

Conectividad y redes de espacios naturales protegidos. Del modelo teórico a la visión<br />

práctica de la gestión. In: García Mora, R.C. (Ed), Conectividad ambiental: las áreas<br />

protegidas en la cuenca mediterránea, Sevilla, Consejería de Medio Ambiente. Junta<br />

de Andalucía, pp. 29 – 53.<br />

De Simón, E., Ripoll, M.A., Fernández, E., Navarro, F.B., Jiménez, M.N., Gallego, E., 2006.<br />

Eficacia de las microcuencas en la supervivencia del pino carrasco (Pinus halepensis<br />

Mill.) y de la encina (Quercus ilex L. subsp. ballota (Desf.) Samp.) en distintos<br />

ambientes mediterráneos. Investigación agraria: Sistemas de recursos forestales, 15<br />

(2): 218-230.<br />

<strong>Forest</strong> <strong>L<strong>and</strong>scapes</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Global</strong> <strong>Change</strong>-New Frontiers in Management, Conservation <strong>and</strong> Restoration. Proceedings of the IUFRO L<strong>and</strong>scape Ecology<br />

Working Group International Conference, September 21-27, 2010, Bragança, Portugal. J.C. Azevedo, M. Feliciano, J. Castro & M.A. Pinto (eds.)<br />

2010, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.

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