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A.E. Eycott et al. 2010. The impact of the matrix on species movement: systematic review and meta-analysis 218 The analysis suggests that permeability is, for many species, related to the structural complexity of the matrix. It is possible that organisms are adapted to move through structurally similar habitat types. This could be due to locomotive adaptation or for predator avoidance as species may avoid different matrix types because they are more conspicuous. This effect was not wholly consistent across all studies and risk ratios below one were found in a number of cases. Some species may prefer to move through a matrix type structurally dissimilar to their home habitat for a range of reasons, for example features could be used as visual cues or cover from predators. While the high heterogeneity and correlation of the covariates means further inferences from the results remain speculative. However, the contrast subgroup analysis may suggest that, in order to encourage a greater number of individuals to move out of their habitat patch, the matrix may need to be radically altered to become much more similar to the focal patch habitat structure. The implication of this would be that a large conservation investment may be necessary to have a significant effect on connectivity. The 'choice' subgroup analysis may suggest that adding a permeable route out of a patch is enough to encourage emigration, rather than needing to surround the patch entirely within a permeable matrix. Routes out of a patch would still need to be wide enough to provide the matrix required without edge impacts and also not lead to lethal cul-de-sacs (Simberloff et al., 1998). This review suggests that planning for ecological networks can be generalised to support groups of species by providing routes through the matrix of similar vegetation structure to their habitat. Not enough studies were on forest species to compare forest to open-habitat species. In the majority of densely inhabited regions, altered for hundreds of years by agricultural activity, fully functional landscapes need to include habitat networks which include permeable elements for both forest and open ground species. Study Baum et al., 2004 Bhattacharya et al., 2003 Cronin & Haynes, 2004 DeMaynadier & Hunter, 1999 Desrochers & Hannon, 1997 Goodwin & Fahrig, 2002 Grez, 1997 Grez & Prado, 2000 Haynes & Cronin, 2003 Haynes & Cronin, 2006 Haynes et al., 2007a Haynes et al., 2007b Jonsen & Taylor, 2000 Malmgren, 2002 Pither & Taylor, 1998 Ries & Debinski, 2001 Rothermel & Semlitsch, 2002 Russell et al., 2007 Schaefer et al., 2003 St Clair, 2003 Overall (95% CI) .132872 1 7.52605 Risk ratio Figure 1: Mean risk ratios from each study. The vertical dashed line represents the mean risk ratio. Forest Landscapes and Global Change-New Frontiers in Management, Conservation and Restoration. Proceedings of the IUFRO Landscape Ecology Working Group International Conference, September 21-27, 2010, Bragança, Portugal. J.C. Azevedo, M. Feliciano, J. Castro & M.A. Pinto (eds.) 2010, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.
A.E. Eycott et al. 2010. The impact of the matrix on species movement: systematic review and meta-analysis 219 References Baum, K.A.; Haynes, K.J.; Dillemuth, F.P. & Cronin, J.T. (2004) The matrix enhances the effectiveness of corridors and stepping stones. Ecology, 85: 2671-76. Bhattacharya, M.; Primack, R.B. & Gerwein, J. (2003) Are roads and railroads barriers to bumblebee movement in a temperate suburban conservation area Biological Conservation, 109: 37-45. Castellon, T.D. & Sieving, K.E. (2006) An experimental test of matrix permeability and corridor use by an endemic understory bird. Conservation Biology, 20: 135-45. Cronin, J.T. & Haynes, K.J. (2004) An invasive plant promotes unstable host-parasitoid patch dynamics. Ecology, 85: 2772-82. Debinski, D.M. (2006) Forest fragmentation and matrix effects: the matrix does matter. Journal of Biogeography, 33: 1791-1792. deMaynadier, P.G. & Hunter, M.L. (1999) Forest canopy closure and juvenile emigration by pool-breeding amphibians in Maine. Journal of Wildlife Management, 63: 441-450. DerSimonian, R. & Laird, N. (1986) Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Controlled Clinical Trials: 7, 177-188. Desrochers, A. & Hannon, S.J. (1997) Gap crossing decisions by forest songbirds during the post-fledging period. Conservation Biology, 11: 1204-1210. Franklin, J.F. & Lindenmayer, D.B. (2009) Importance of the matrix in maintaining biological diversity. PNAS, 106: 349-350. Goodwin, B.J. & Fahrig, L. (2002) How does landscape structure influence landscape connectivity Oikos, 99: 552-570. Grez, A.A. (1997) Effect of habitat subdivision on the population dynamics of herbivorous and predatory insects in central Chile. Revista Chilena De Historia Natural, 70: 481-490. Grez, A.A. & Prado, E. (2000) Effect of plant patch shape and surrounding vegetation on the dynamics of predatory coccinellids and their prey Brevicoryne brassicae (Hemiptera : Aphididae). Environmental Entomology, 29: 1244-1250. Haynes, K.J. & Cronin, J.T. (2003) Matrix composition affects the spatial ecology of a prairie planthopper. Ecology, 84: 2856-2866. Haynes, K.J. & Cronin, J.T. (2006) Interpatch movement and edge effects: the role of behavioral responses to the landscape matrix. Oikos, 113: 43-54. Haynes, K.J.; Diekotter, T. & Crist, T.O. (2007a) Resource complementation and the response of an insect herbivore to habitat area and fragmentation. Oecologia, 153: 511-520. Haynes, K. J., Dillemuth, F. P., Anderson, B. J., Hakes, A. S., Jackson, H. B., Jackson, S. E. and Cronin, J. T. (2007b). Landscape context outweighs local habitat quality in its effects on herbivore dispersal and distribution. Oecologia 151: 431-441. Hopkins, J.J., Allison, H.M., Walmsley, C.A., Gaywood, M. & Thurgate, G. (2007) Conserving biodiversity in a changing climate: guidance on building capacity to adapt. Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, London. Jonsen, I.D. & Taylor, P.D. (2000) Fine-scale movement behaviors of calopterygid damselflies are influenced by landscape structure: an experimental manipulation. Oikos, 88: 553-562. Malmgren, J.C. (2002) How does a newt find its way from a pond Migration patterns after breeding and metamorphosis in great crested newts (Triturus cristatus) and smooth newts (T.vulgaris). Herpetological Journal, 12: 29-35. Pither, J. & Taylor, P.D. (1998) An experimental assessment of landscape connectivity. Oikos, 83: 166-174. Prevedello, J. A. and Vieira, M. V. (2010). Does the type of matrix matter A quantitative review of the evidence. Biodiversity Conservation 19: 1205-1223. Prugh, L.; Hodges, K.; Sinclair, A. & Brashares, J. (2008) Effect of habitat area and isolation on fragmented animal populations. PNAS, 105: 20770-20775. Forest Landscapes and Global Change-New Frontiers in Management, Conservation and Restoration. Proceedings of the IUFRO Landscape Ecology Working Group International Conference, September 21-27, 2010, Bragança, Portugal. J.C. Azevedo, M. Feliciano, J. Castro & M.A. Pinto (eds.) 2010, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.
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Landscapes Forest and Global Change
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The contributions to this volume ha
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Table of contents Foreword Preface
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Fine-scale mapping of High Nature V
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Characterization of a Maculinea alc
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Urban tree inventory and socio-econ
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xiii Foreword Twenty years ago, Dr.
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Section 1 Scaling in landscape anal
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V. Cortes et al. 2010. Environmenta
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D. S. de Ron et al. 2010. Habitat s
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B. Bożętka 2010. Recent relations
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S.F. Chen et al. 2010. A physiotope
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V.D. de Campos & S M. Carvalho 2010
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N.S. Evseeva & Z.N. Kvasnikova 2010
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N.S. Evseeva & Z.N. Kvasnikova 2010
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S. Frank et al. 2010. A regionally
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M. García et al. 2010. The effect
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M. García et al. 2010. The effect
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S. Gholami et al. 2010. Spatial pat
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P. González-Moreno et al. 2010. Th
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T. Höbinger et al. 2010. Impact of
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P. Matos et al. 2010. Can lichen fu
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E.S. Meier et al. 2010. Projections
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E.S. Meier et al. 2010. Projections
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H. Moutahir et al. 2010. Applicatio
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H. Moutahir et al. 2010. Applicatio
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C. Palaghianu 2010. The use of Voro
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F. Peña-Cortés et al. 2010. Spati
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F.M. Rabenilalana et al. 2010. Mult
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E. Sayad 2010. Nitrogen retrancloca
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E. Sayad 2010. Nitrogen retrancloca
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G. Zhelezov 2010. Evaluation of the
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Section 3 Disturbances in changing
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A. Altamirano et al. 2010. Human-ca
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A. Altamirano et al. 2010. Human-ca
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T. Curt & J. Pausas 2010. Are chang
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R.A Fleming et al. 2010. Forest man
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R.A Fleming et al. 2010. Forest man
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P.C. Goebel et al. 2010. How import
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L.R. Iverson et al. 2010. Merger of
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T.-C. Lin et al. 2010. Immediate ef
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K. L. Martin & P.C. Goebel 2010. Im
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G.M. Pastur et al. 2010. Indirect e
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E.W Saragih et al. 2010. Effects of
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L.R.P. Williamson et al. 2010. Anth
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L.R.P. Williamson et al. 2010. Anth
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R.S. Moro & T.K. Pereira 2010. Eval
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R.S. Moro & C.H Rocha 2010. A metho
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V. Núñez et al. 2010. Landscape i
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M. Redon & S. Luque 2010. Tengmalm
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M.C.C. Rodrigues et al. 2010. Contr
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M.C. Silva et al. 2010. Using Busin
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T.N. Terra & R.F dos Santos 2010. L
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E. Tetetla-Rangel et al. 2010. Rela
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M. Tsibulnikova 2010. Economic esti
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M. Akbarzadeh & E. Kouhgardi 2010.
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B. Baran-Zgłobicka & W. Zgłobicki
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J. Beldade & T. Panagopoulos 2010.
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R.A. Diaz-Varela et al. 2010. Quant
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I. Duarte & F.C. Rego 2010. Land us
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J.S.V. Filho & M.L. Leite 2010. Sim
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F.J. Gómez et al. 2010. Land use c
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M.L. Leite & J.S.V. Filho2010. Anal
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M.L. Leite & J.S.V. Filho2010. Anal
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M.L.Leite & J.S.V. Filho 2010. Iden
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M. Ortega et al. 2010. Monitoring v
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G. Puddu et al. 2010. Landscape tra
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H.R. Ratsimba et al. 2010. Multi-sc
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M.C. Rodrigues et al. 2010. Charact
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M.C. Rodrigues et al. 2010. Charact
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M.T.C. Rodrigues & V. Silva 2010. L
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J. Schaefer-Santos & C. Lingnau 201
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S.M. Scheffer & E. Schimanski 2010.
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S.M. Scheffer & E. Schimanski 2010.
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J. Superson et al. 2010. The defore
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A.L. Teixido et al. 2010. Impacts o
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H. Viana & J. Aranha 2010. Assessin
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H. Viana & J. Aranha 2010. Mapping
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Section 6 Tools of landscape assess
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N. Avani et al. 2010. Investigation
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J.C. Azevedo et al. 2010. Spatial d
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A.M. Carvalho et al. 2010. Connecti
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M. Deconchat et al. 2010. Identific
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J. Gaspar et al. 2010. Visibility a
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A.M. Geraldes 2010. Landscape runof
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K. Koschke et al. 2010. Using a mul
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J.-F. Mas et al. 2010. Assessing
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A. Matos et al. 2010. Economic valu
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A. Migliozzi et al. 2010. Land-use
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M.L Porto et al. 2010. Naturalness
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M.L Porto et al. 2010. Naturalness
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M. Rehor & V. Ondracek 2010. Applic
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J. Russell et al. 2010. Developing
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Section 7 Management and sustainabi
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P. Angelstam & M. Elbakidze. 2010.
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M. Castro et al. 2010. Relationship
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M. Elbakidze et al. 2010. Does fore
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E. Schimanski 2010. The importance
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L.A.M. da Silva & E. Shimanki 2010.
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Section 9 Symposia
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Measures of landscape structure as
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Network theory to conserve and reco
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IUFRO Unit 8.01.02 Landscape Ecolog
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