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V. Cortes et al. 2010. Environmental drivers of benthic communities: the importance of landscape metrics 7 found that soil use descriptors were associated with the typological functioning of the river system displayed by the longitudinal succession of benthic assemblages. References Allan J.D., 2004. Landscapes and riverscapes: The influence of land use on stream ecosystems. Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, 35: 257-284. Anderson M.J., Gorley R.N. and Clarke K.R., 2008. PERMANOVA+ for PRIMER: Guide to Software and Statistical Methods. Plymouth, U.K.: Primer-E Ltd. Bonada N., Zamora-Muñoz C., Rieradevall M. and Prat N., 2005. Ecological and historical filters constraining spatial caddisfly distribution in Mediterranean rivers. Freshwater Biology, 50: 81-797. Boyero L., 2003. Multiscale patterns of spatial variation in stream macroinvertebrate communities. Ecological Research, 18: 365-379. Buffagni A, Casalegno C. and Erba S., 2009. Hydromorphology and land use at different spatial scales: expectations in a changing climate scenario for medium-sized rivers of the Western Italian Alps. Fundamental and Applied Ecology, 74: 7-25. Cortes R.M.V., Hughes S.J., Varandas S.G.P., Magalhães M. and Ferreira M.T., 2009. Habitat variation at different scales and biotic linkages in lotic systems: consequences for monitorization. Aquatic Ecology 43: 1107-1120. Frissell C.A., Liss W.J., Warren C.E. and Hurley M.D., 1986. A Hierarchical Framework for Stream Habitat Classification- Viewing Streams in a Watershed Context. Environmental Management, 10: 199-214. Hughes S.J, Ferreira M.T. and Cortes R.M.V., 2008. Hierarchical spatial patterns and drivers of change in benthic macroinvertebrate communities in an intermittent Mediterranean river. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 18: 742-760. Joy M.K. and Death R.G., 2004. Predictive modelling and spatial mapping of freshwater fish and decapod assemblages: an integrated GIS and neural network approach. Freshwater Biology, 49: 1036-1052. Lammert M. and Allan J.D., 1999. Environmental Auditing: Assessing biotic integrity of streams: Effects of scale in measuring the influence of land use/cover and habitat structure on fish and macroinvertebrates. Environmental Management, 23: 257–270. Lowe, W.H., Likens G.E. and Power M.E., 2006. Linking Scales in Stream Ecology. BioScience, 55: 591-597. Poff N.L., 1997. Landscape filters and species traits: Towards mechanistic understanding and prediction in stream ecology. Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 16: 391- 409. Raven P.J., P. Fox J.A., Everard M., Holmes N.T.H. and Dawson F.H., 1997. River Habitat Survey: a new system for classifying rivers according to their habitat quality. In: Boon, P.J., Howell, D.L. (eds). Freshwater quality: defining the indefinable The Stationery office, Edinburg, 215-234 pp. Raven P.J., Holmes N.T.H., Dawson F.H., Fox P.J.A., Everard M., Fozzard I.R. and Rouen K.J., 1998. River habitat quality: the physical character of rivers and streams in the UK and the Isle of Man. River Habitat Survey report no. 2, Environment Agency, Bristol. Roth N.E., Allan J.D. and Erickson D.L., 1996. Landscape influences on stream biotic integrity assessed at multiple spatial scales. Landscape Ecology, 11: 141–156. Sandin L., 2009. The relationship between land-use, hydromorphology and river biota at different spatial and temporal scales: a synthesis of seven case studies. Fundamental and Applied Ecology, 174: 1-5. Varandas S.G. & Cortes R.M.V., 2009. Evaluating macroinvertebrate biological metrics for ecological assessment of streams in northern Portugal. Environmental Monitoring Assessment, DOI 10.1007/s10661-009-0996-4. Forest Landscapes and Global Change-New Frontiers in Management, Conservation and Restoration. Proceedings of the IUFRO Landscape Ecology Working Group International Conference, September 21-27, 2010, Bragança, Portugal. J.C. Azevedo, M. Feliciano, J. Castro & M.A. Pinto (eds.) 2010, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.
D. S. de Ron et al. 2010. Habitat suitability models for two species of forest raptors in Catalonia 8 Habitat suitability models for two species of forest raptors in Catalonia. Methodological consequences related with different scales and data sources David Sánchez de Ron 1 , Lluís Brotons 2 , Santiago Saura 3 & José M. García del Barrio 1,4 1 CIFOR-INIA, Madrid, Spain 2 Centre Tecnològic Forestal de Catalunya, Solsona, Spain 3 ETSIM-UPM Madrid, Spain 4 Instituto Universitario Investigación Gestión Forestal Sostenible, UVA-INIA, Spain Abstract Species distribution along a territory is a function of different environmental variables that changes in space and time. In this communication we use GIS based information from different sources and at different scales (1x1 km 2 and 10x10 km 2 ) for elaborating habitat suitability models of two forest raptors species (Buteo buteo and Accipiter gentilis) along a north-south gradient in Cataluña. The area of study has an extent of 7000 km 2 . Forest raptors species presence/absence data on 679 1x1 km 2 grid cells of the Catalan Breeding Bird Atlas, and Spanish Forest Map at a scale 1:50,000 are the main information sources. Logistic regression methods have been essayed for comparison across different scales. Unexpectedly, preliminary results show no relation between variables like land use type or diversity of habitats and raptors presence at 1x 1 km 2 , and this relationship is only significant for Buteo buteo at 10 x 10 km 2 scale. Keywords: Habitat suitability models, land uses, logistic regression, changing scales. 1. Introduction Animal species related to forest habitats are dependent on habitat extension but on habitat quality as well. Advances in knowing species distribution and habitat requirements are essential for studies of population genetics, evolutionary and conservation biology, biodiversity maintenance and territorial planning, among others. Recent georeferenced information about not only species distribution in Spain, but also related to climate, lithology, changes in land uses or historical disturbances (wild fires, floods, wind storms) at different scales are valuable data sources that contribute to the elaboration of habitat suitability models that are the basis for connectivity or habitat fragmentation analysis (Pascual-Hortal & Saura, 2008). Specialist species have been affected by reduction of habitat extension and population fragmentation (see Farhig, 2001; Lindenmayer, et al, 2003; Alderman et al, 2005) with the consequence of reduction on effective population levels. Spanish forest raptors are not the exception, and a proper knowledge of habitat requirements and habitat suitability is needed. Underlying reasons for explain mismatch between potential and real distribution of a species are scale dependent, and the explanation of this dependence is one of the goals of habitat suitability models –HSM hereafter- (Ottaviani et al, 2004; Guisan and Thuiller, 2005). In a previous paper (García del Barrio et al, 2009) we essayed HSM for two forest raptors on two forest districts of central-east Spain with presence/absence data at 10x10 km 2 scale. The aim of this paper is to compare the performance of HSM at changing scales and using different data sources. Forest raptors species chosen are goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) and common Forest Landscapes and Global Change-New Frontiers in Management, Conservation and Restoration. Proceedings of the IUFRO Landscape Ecology Working Group International Conference, September 21-27, 2010, Bragança, Portugal. J.C. Azevedo, M. Feliciano, J. Castro & M.A. Pinto (eds.) 2010, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.
Page 1 and 2: Landscapes Forest and Global Change
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Section 3 Disturbances in changing
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T. Curt & J. Pausas 2010. Are chang
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R.A Fleming et al. 2010. Forest man
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P.C. Goebel et al. 2010. How import
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L.R. Iverson et al. 2010. Merger of
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T.-C. Lin et al. 2010. Immediate ef
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N. Zurbriggen et al. 2010. Modeling
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Section 4 Biodiversity conservation
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Akbarzadeh et al. 2010. Ecotourism
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Akbarzadeh et al. 2010. Ecotourism
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C. Carvalho-Santos 2010. Fine-scale
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I. Catalano et al. 2010. Wood macro
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R.A. Diaz-Varela et al. 2010. Exten
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R.A. Diaz-Varela et al. 2010. Asses
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P.A.E. Diogo & J. Aranha 2010. GIS
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V. Etemad & N. Avani 2010. Investig
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A.E. Eycott et al. 2010. The impact
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Measures of landscape structure as
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Network theory to conserve and reco
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Management and conservation of Medi
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IUFRO Unit 8.01.02 Landscape Ecolog
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