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I. Catalano et al. 2010. Wood macrolichen Lobaria pulmonaria on chestnut tree crops: the case study of Roccamonfina park 191 Figure 2: Biplot showing the main axis of PCA ruled on species and stations Stations Cluster A includes the stations 1, 2 and 4, located at relatively lower elevations. Cluster B includes four plots located at higher elevation and is characterized by the presence of almost exclusive species such as Hypogymnia physodes, Platismatia glauca, Physconia subpulverulenta v. subpulverulenta e Parmelina pastillifera, and some other species that are represented with a higher frequency relative to the other cluster, such as Leprocaulon microscopicum and Lecanora chlarotera. Species Cluster 1 includes lichen species of the Lobarion pumonariae alliance, such as Lobaria amplissima var. amplissima (the spesies with the highest frequency in the sampled area), Lobarina scrobiculata, Degelia plumbea, Peltigera collina, Nephroma laevigatum, Leptogium cyanescens. Cluster 2 is dominated by species of the Xanthorion paretinae alliance, with some species of Lecarion subfuscae: Lecanora clarotera, Lecanora carpinea, Lecidella elaeochroma, Physcia adscendens, Physconia distorta, Xanthoria parietina, Punctelia subrudecta. These species are typical of heliophilous, xerophilous, nitrophilous communities distributed in anthropized environments, where they show a good resistance to pollution. Cluster 3: Species of Graphidion scriptae: Opegrapha atra, Ochrolechia balcanica, Pertusaria amara, Pertusaria hymenea. These are communities of crustose pioneer lichens, usually found in forest environments and rarely in anthropized areas, that precede in the succession or sometimes coexist with the species of Lobarion and Parmelion. Cluster 4: species of Parmelion parlatae and Xanthorion parietinae alliances: Flavoparmelia caperata, Parmotrema perlatum, Hypogymnia physodes, Parmelia sulcata, Parmelina tiliacea. These are species of mesophilous and sub-acidophilous communities, less adapted to dry and nitrified environments compared to Xanthorion, but relatively more sensitive to pollution, Forest Landscapes and Global Change-New Frontiers in Management, Conservation and Restoration. Proceedings of the IUFRO Landscape Ecology Working Group International Conference, September 21-27, 2010, Bragança, Portugal. J.C. Azevedo, M. Feliciano, J. Castro & M.A. Pinto (eds.) 2010, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.
I. Catalano et al. 2010. Wood macrolichen Lobaria pulmonaria on chestnut tree crops: the case study of Roccamonfina park 192 though in some case they are found in anthropized areas if atmospheric humidity allow their presence. Cluster 5 includes several species that may be considered closer to Lobarion pulmonariae than to Parmelion perlatae or to Xanthorion parietinae. Cartographic analysis Four maps of Lobaria percent cover were obtained for the sampled stations. Lobaria cover values ranged between 0.009 and 35%, clustered in nine classes in the maps (Figure 3). The species did not show very high cover values, except in one of the plots of the first station. Figure 3: Lobaria sp Cover map elaborated from the surveyed data 4. Discussion Lichen biodiversity resulted relatively high in the sampled areas, both for the numerical representation of taxa and for their floristic quality, though rich of generalist species adapted to disturbed areas. Lobaria cover, however, presented relatively low cover values on the studied area, as it resulted from cartographic analysis. Also the other species of the Lobarion pulmonariae alliance were not very diffuse on the area. Ecological indices showed that many of the sampled species are typical of natural or semi-natural habitats, with a hygro-mesophylous behaviour, preferring high availability of diffuse light, but escaping direct sun radiation. Though the list of sampled species represents only a small portion of the lichen flora in the studied area, the marked presence of temperate and sub-oceanic species is well correlated with the submountain character of the area. A limited number of species characterized by low tolerance to air pollutants prevailed in cluster A, whereas a greater number of species was found in cluster B, most of which typical of undisturbed areas or small mountain urban sites. The most frequent species belonging to the alliance of Lobarion pulmonariae are Lobaria amplissima and Lobaria pulmonaria; other species, such as Lobarina scrobiculata e Peltigera collina, resulted to be rare and sporadic, Forest Landscapes and Global Change-New Frontiers in Management, Conservation and Restoration. Proceedings of the IUFRO Landscape Ecology Working Group International Conference, September 21-27, 2010, Bragança, Portugal. J.C. Azevedo, M. Feliciano, J. Castro & M.A. Pinto (eds.) 2010, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.
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Landscapes Forest and Global Change
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The contributions to this volume ha
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Table of contents Foreword Preface
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Fine-scale mapping of High Nature V
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Characterization of a Maculinea alc
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Urban tree inventory and socio-econ
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xiii Foreword Twenty years ago, Dr.
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Section 1 Scaling in landscape anal
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V. Cortes et al. 2010. Environmenta
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D. S. de Ron et al. 2010. Habitat s
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B. Bożętka 2010. Recent relations
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S.F. Chen et al. 2010. A physiotope
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V.D. de Campos & S M. Carvalho 2010
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N.S. Evseeva & Z.N. Kvasnikova 2010
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N.S. Evseeva & Z.N. Kvasnikova 2010
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S. Frank et al. 2010. A regionally
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M. García et al. 2010. The effect
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M. García et al. 2010. The effect
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S. Gholami et al. 2010. Spatial pat
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T. Höbinger et al. 2010. Impact of
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P. Matos et al. 2010. Can lichen fu
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E.S. Meier et al. 2010. Projections
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E.S. Meier et al. 2010. Projections
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H. Moutahir et al. 2010. Applicatio
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H. Moutahir et al. 2010. Applicatio
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C. Palaghianu 2010. The use of Voro
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F. Peña-Cortés et al. 2010. Spati
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E. Sayad 2010. Nitrogen retrancloca
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E. Sayad 2010. Nitrogen retrancloca
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G. Zhelezov 2010. Evaluation of the
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Section 3 Disturbances in changing
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A. Altamirano et al. 2010. Human-ca
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A. Altamirano et al. 2010. Human-ca
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T. Curt & J. Pausas 2010. Are chang
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R.A Fleming et al. 2010. Forest man
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R.A Fleming et al. 2010. Forest man
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P.C. Goebel et al. 2010. How import
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L.R. Iverson et al. 2010. Merger of
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M.B. Horta et al. 2010. Landscape S
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Sara Marques et al. 2010. Impact of
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M.G.C. Martins & J. Aranha 2010. El
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J.-F. Mas et al. 2010. Modeling lan
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R.S. Moro & T.K. Pereira 2010. Eval
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R.S. Moro & C.H Rocha 2010. A metho
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M.C.C. Rodrigues et al. 2010. Contr
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M. Tsibulnikova 2010. Economic esti
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M.L. Leite & J.S.V. Filho2010. Anal
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M.C. Rodrigues et al. 2010. Charact
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J. Russell et al. 2010. Developing
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M. Castro et al. 2010. Relationship
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Management and conservation of Medi
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IUFRO Unit 8.01.02 Landscape Ecolog
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