Landscapes Forest and Global Change - ESA - Escola Superior ...

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Section 1 Scaling in landscape analysis
V. Cortes et al. 2010. Environmental drivers of benthic communities: the importance of landscape metrics 2 Environmental drivers of benthic communities: the importance of landscape metrics Rui Cortes 1 , Simone Varandas 1 , Samantha Hughes 1 , Marco Magalhães 1 & Amílcar Teixeira 2* 1 CITAB, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal 2 CIMO, ESA, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Portugal Abstract The distribution of aquatic communities is dependent on processes that act at multiplescales. This study comprised 270 samples distributed over 2 years and used a nested sampling design to estimate the variance associated with three spatial scales: basin, site and microhabitat. Habitat assessment was made using River Habitat Survey. The derived Habitat Quality Indices and the benthic composition were crossed with landscape metrics and types of soil use, obtained from GIS data, using multiple non-parametric regressions and distance-based redundancy analysis. Invertebrate variation was mainly linked with intermediate scale (site) and landscape metrics were the main drivers determining local characteristics. The aquatic community exhibited a stronger relationship with landscape metrics, especially patch size and shape complexity of the dominant uses, than with habitat quality, suggesting that instream habitat improvement is a short-term solution and that stream rehabilitation must address the influence of components at higher spatial scales. Keywords: landscape metrics, soil use, macroinvertebrates, habitat, spatial scale 1. Introduction The hierarchy theory indicates that small scale physical and biological features are hierarchical nested by variables on larger spatial scales, which means that in-stream conditions are constrained and controlled by successive larger-sale factors, interacting as filters along those scales (Frissell et al. 1986; Poff, 1997). Lotic biological assemblages occurring at a given site are a subset of the potential pool of colonizers that have passed through a system of filters related to the environmental variables and their modification by human action (Boyero, 2003; Bonada et al., 2005). This is the case of geology, climate and landscape-level factors such as land use or vegetation patterns that have been shown to influence local habitat condition and therefore the composition of benthic fauna (Roth et al. 1996; Lammert & Allan, 1999; Joy & Death, 2004). More recently, studies tended to focus on analyzing the dependence of hydromorphological characteristics on catchment level features and land-use, in particular whether reach or catchment scale vegetation constitute suitable predictors of in-stream features (Allan, 2004; Buffagni et al., 2009; Sandin, 2009). There is a strong need to develop habitat assessment strategies that integrate different complementary spatial scales from microhabitat level (including hydraulics) to the assessment of river corridor condition and surrounding land use (Cortes et al., 2009). These aspects have been already incorporated into methodologies proposed in different field surveys (e.g. Raven, 1998). There is no doubt that the spatial hierarchy of fluvial ecosystems is a crucial aspect to consider, since identifying the relationships between different levels allows associations to be made between habitat features, processes and communities. This knowledge is essential for improving the implementation of appropriate *Corresponding author: Email address: amilt@ipb.pt Forest Landscapes and Global Change-New Frontiers in Management, Conservation and Restoration. Proceedings of the IUFRO Landscape Ecology Working Group International Conference, September 21-27, 2010, Bragança, Portugal. J.C. Azevedo, M. Feliciano, J. Castro & M.A. Pinto (eds.) 2010, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.
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H. Moutahir et al. 2010. Applicatio
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C. Palaghianu 2010. The use of Voro
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Section 3 Disturbances in changing
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A. Altamirano et al. 2010. Human-ca
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T. Curt & J. Pausas 2010. Are chang
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R.A Fleming et al. 2010. Forest man
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P.C. Goebel et al. 2010. How import
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L.R. Iverson et al. 2010. Merger of
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T.-C. Lin et al. 2010. Immediate ef
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N. Zurbriggen et al. 2010. Modeling
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Section 4 Biodiversity conservation
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Akbarzadeh et al. 2010. Ecotourism
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Akbarzadeh et al. 2010. Ecotourism
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C. Carvalho-Santos 2010. Fine-scale
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I. Catalano et al. 2010. Wood macro
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R.A. Diaz-Varela et al. 2010. Exten
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R.A. Diaz-Varela et al. 2010. Asses
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P.A.E. Diogo & J. Aranha 2010. GIS
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P.A.E. Diogo & J. Aranha 2010. GIS
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V. Etemad & N. Avani 2010. Investig
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A.E. Eycott et al. 2010. The impact
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Sara Marques et al. 2010. Impact of
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J.-F. Mas et al. 2010. Modeling lan
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M. Tsibulnikova 2010. Economic esti
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M. Ortega et al. 2010. Monitoring v
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M.C. Rodrigues et al. 2010. Charact
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Section 6 Tools of landscape assess
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N. Avani et al. 2010. Investigation
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J.-F. Mas et al. 2010. Assessing
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A. Migliozzi et al. 2010. Land-use
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M.L Porto et al. 2010. Naturalness
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M.L Porto et al. 2010. Naturalness
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M. Rehor & V. Ondracek 2010. Applic
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J. Russell et al. 2010. Developing
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Section 7 Management and sustainabi
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M. Castro et al. 2010. Relationship
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E. Schimanski 2010. The importance
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Section 9 Symposia
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Z.L. Urech & J.P. Sorg 2010. Taking
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Measures of landscape structure as
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Network theory to conserve and reco
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Management and conservation of Medi
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IUFRO Unit 8.01.02 Landscape Ecolog
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