Landscapes Forest and Global Change - ESA - Escola Superior ...

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T. Curt & J. Pausas 2010. Are changes in fire regime threatening cork oak-shrubland mosaics 123 References Aronson, J., Pereira, J.S., Pausas, J.G., (Eds.), 2009. Cork Oak Woodlands on the Edge: ecology, Adapative Management, and Restoration. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA 352 pp. Baeza, M.J., Raventos, J., Escarre, A., Vallejo, V.R., 2006. Fire risk and vegetation structural dynamics in Mediterranean shrubland. Plant Ecology, 187, 189-201. Caturla, R.N., Raventós, J., Guàrdia, R., Vallejo, V.R., 2000. Early post-fire regeneration dynamics of Brachypodium retusum Pers. (Beauv.) in old fields of the Valencia region (eastern Spain). Acta Oecologica, 21, 1-12. Curt, T., Adra, W., Borgniet, L., 2009. Fire-driven oak regeneration in French Mediterranean ecosystems. Forest Ecology and Management, 258, 2127-2135. Curt , T., Delcros, P., 2010. Managing road corridors to limit fire hazard. a simulation approach in southern France. Ecological Engineering, 4, 1-12. Delitti, W., Ferran, A., Trabaud, L., Vallejo, V.R., 2004. Effects of fire reccurrence in Quercus coccifera L. shrublands of the Valencia region (Spain): I. Plant composition and productivity. Plant Ecology, 177, 57-70. McGarigal, K., Cushman, S.A., Neel, M.C., Ene, E., 2002. FRAGSTATS: spatial pattern analysis program for categorical maps. University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Moore, A.D., Noble, I.R., 1990. An Individualistic Model of Vegetation Stand Dynamics. Journal of Environmental Management, 31, 61-81. Moreira, F., Duarte, L., Catry, F., Acacio, V., 2007. Cork extraction as a key factor determining postfire cork oak survival in a mountain region of southern Portugal. Forest Ecology and Management, 253, 30-37. Mouillot, F., Ratte, J.P., Joffre, R., Moreno, J.M., Rambal, S., 2003. Some determinants of the spatiotemporal fire cycle in a mediterranean landscape (Corsica, France). Landscape Ecology, 18, 665-674. Pausas, J.G., 1997. Resprouting of Quercus suber in NE Spain after fire. Journal of Vegetation Scienc,e 8, 703-706. Pausas, J.G., 2004. Changes in fire and climate in the eastern Iberian Peninsula (Mediterranean basin). Climatic Change, 63, 337-350. Pausas, J.G., 2006. Simulating Mediterranean landscape pattern and vegetation dynamics under different fire regimes. Plant Ecology ,187, 249-259. Pausas, J.G., Lloret, F., 2007. Spatial and temporal patterns of plant functional types under simulated fire regimes. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 16, 484-492. Pausas, J.G., Ramos, J.I., 2006. Landscape analysis and simulation shell (LASS). Environmental Modelling & Software, 21, 629-639. Pons J. & Pausas J.G. 2006. Oak regeneration in heterogeneous landscapes: the case of fragmented Quercus suber forests in the eastern Iberian Peninsula. Forest Ecology & Management 231: 196-204 Forest Landscapes and Global Change-New Frontiers in Management, Conservation and Restoration. Proceedings of the IUFRO Landscape Ecology Working Group International Conference, September 21-27, 2010, Bragança, Portugal. J.C. Azevedo, M. Feliciano, J. Castro & M.A. Pinto (eds.) 2010, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.
R.A Fleming et al. 2010. Forest management and climate, through landscape structure, affect the potential for insect outbreak 124 Forest management and climate, through landscape structure, affect the potential for insect outbreak Richard A Fleming 1* , Allan L. Carroll 2 , Jean-Noël Candau 1 & Philippe Dreyfus 3 1 Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, P.O. Box 490, Sault Ste. Marie, P6A 4C8, Canada 2 Department of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada 3 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Recherches Forestières Méditerranéennes (Mediterranean Forest Research), Avenue A. Vivaldi, 84000, Avignon, France Abstract The mountain pine beetle (MPB) is endemic to western North American pine forests and is currently causing a very destructive outbreak in western Canada. Historically, expansion further north and east was limited by mountains and winter cold, but during recent warm winters the insect crossed the mountains and it now threatens Canada’s eastern forests. This concern has motivated our study of how landscape structure affects outbreak development and spread. As part of this study, we describe a model of MPB-stand dynamics. Based on recent field work, the model includes a threshold at low density which the local beetle population must overcome to become eruptive. We show how, from the MPB perspective, landscape structure responds to climate and forest management and has strong, indirect affects on the likelihood of eruption. We discuss the recent under-estimation of MPB spread in Alberta by much more complex models. Keywords: mountain pine beetle, stand density management diagram, Dendroctonus ponderosae, forest landscape structure, outbreak spread 1. Introduction Besides timber, healthy forests provide a variety of non-timber products and many ecosystem services including maintenance of biodiversity, clean water, and carbon storage. In Canada’s forests, change comes primarily in the form of "disturbances". Disturbances occur in many forms (e.g., storms, fire, insects, disease, and logging) and over a wide range of scales (Ayres and Lombardero 2000; Dale et al. 2001). Disturbances leave ecological legacies which determine future species composition, age structure, and spatial heterogeneity of the area (Radeloff et al. 2000) and consequently, facilitate or impede the occurrence of future disturbances (Kulakowski et al. 2003). Insects are the most diverse class of organisms on earth and the major natural cause of depletion from Canada’s forest productivity. Past outbreaks have engulfed extensive areas (Volney and Fleming 2000). Canada’s western forests are now experiencing “the largest insect outbreak in * Corresponding author. Email address: rfleming@nrcan.gc.ca Forest Landscapes and Global Change-New Frontiers in Management, Conservation and Restoration. Proceedings of the IUFRO Landscape Ecology Working Group International Conference, September 21-27, 2010, Bragança, Portugal. J.C. Azevedo, M. Feliciano, J. Castro & M.A. Pinto (eds.) 2010, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.
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Landscapes Forest and Global Change
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The contributions to this volume ha
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Table of contents Foreword Preface
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Fine-scale mapping of High Nature V
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Characterization of a Maculinea alc
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Urban tree inventory and socio-econ
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xiii Foreword Twenty years ago, Dr.
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Section 1 Scaling in landscape anal
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V. Cortes et al. 2010. Environmenta
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D. S. de Ron et al. 2010. Habitat s
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B. Bożętka 2010. Recent relations
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S.F. Chen et al. 2010. A physiotope
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V.D. de Campos & S M. Carvalho 2010
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N.S. Evseeva & Z.N. Kvasnikova 2010
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N.S. Evseeva & Z.N. Kvasnikova 2010
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S. Frank et al. 2010. A regionally
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M. García et al. 2010. The effect
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M. García et al. 2010. The effect
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S. Gholami et al. 2010. Spatial pat
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P. González-Moreno et al. 2010. Th
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T. Höbinger et al. 2010. Impact of
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P. Matos et al. 2010. Can lichen fu
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E.S. Meier et al. 2010. Projections
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N. Zurbriggen et al. 2010. Modeling
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N. Zurbriggen et al. 2010. Modeling
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Section 4 Biodiversity conservation
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Akbarzadeh et al. 2010. Ecotourism
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Akbarzadeh et al. 2010. Ecotourism
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C. Carvalho-Santos 2010. Fine-scale
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I. Catalano et al. 2010. Wood macro
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R.A. Diaz-Varela et al. 2010. Exten
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R.A. Diaz-Varela et al. 2010. Asses
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P.A.E. Diogo & J. Aranha 2010. GIS
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P.A.E. Diogo & J. Aranha 2010. GIS
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V. Etemad & N. Avani 2010. Investig
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A.E. Eycott et al. 2010. The impact
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E. Fernández-Núñez et al. 2010.
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N. Fracassi & D. Somma 2010. Partic
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J. Hartter et al. 2010. Fortresses
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M.B. Horta et al. 2010. Landscape S
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J.O. López-Martínez et al. 2010.
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Sara Marques et al. 2010. Impact of
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M.G.C. Martins & J. Aranha 2010. El
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M.G.C. Martins & J. Aranha 2010. El
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J.-F. Mas et al. 2010. Modeling lan
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R.S. Moro & T.K. Pereira 2010. Eval
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R.S. Moro & C.H Rocha 2010. A metho
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V. Núñez et al. 2010. Landscape i
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M.C.C. Rodrigues et al. 2010. Contr
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M.C. Silva et al. 2010. Using Busin
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T.N. Terra & R.F dos Santos 2010. L
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E. Tetetla-Rangel et al. 2010. Rela
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M. Tsibulnikova 2010. Economic esti
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M. Akbarzadeh & E. Kouhgardi 2010.
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M.L. Leite & J.S.V. Filho2010. Anal
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M. Ortega et al. 2010. Monitoring v
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G. Puddu et al. 2010. Landscape tra
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H.R. Ratsimba et al. 2010. Multi-sc
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M.C. Rodrigues et al. 2010. Charact
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J. Superson et al. 2010. The defore
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Section 6 Tools of landscape assess
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N. Avani et al. 2010. Investigation
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J. Gaspar et al. 2010. Visibility a
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M.L Porto et al. 2010. Naturalness
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M. Rehor & V. Ondracek 2010. Applic
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J. Russell et al. 2010. Developing
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Section 7 Management and sustainabi
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M. Castro et al. 2010. Relationship
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E. Schimanski 2010. The importance
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Section 9 Symposia
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Z.L. Urech & J.P. Sorg 2010. Taking
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Measures of landscape structure as
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Network theory to conserve and reco
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Management and conservation of Medi
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IUFRO Unit 8.01.02 Landscape Ecolog
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