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G. Zhelezov 2010. Evaluation of the ecosystem service in the forest formations of Biosphere Reserve “Srebarna”
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The problems of evaluation of the ecosystem services in the wetland nature system are
presented in the investigations of Brander et al. (2006), Hoehn J et al. (2003), Heong K.L.
(2008) etc.
Object
The lake Srebarna is one of the biggest wetlands along the Bulgarian sector of river Danuve
(Table 1). It is situated in northeastern Bulgaria, near the village of the same name, 18 km west
of Silistra and 2 km south of the Danube. The reserve embraces 6 km² of protected area and a
buffer zone of 5.4 km². Diversity of the reserve and surrounding territories is determined in
Corine Biotope Project in 13 habitate types. The importance of the wetland system is determine
from diversity of the rare and protected bird species as Dalmatian Pelican (Pelicanus crispus),
Mute Swan (Cygnus olor), six heron species (Ardea alba, Ardea cinerea, Ardea purpurea,
Ardeola raloides, Egretta garzetta etc), cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo and Halietor
pygmaeus) etc.
Table 1: Limnological characteristics (Management plan, 2001)
Indicator
Value
Elevation (m) 10,0 - 13,2
Water catchments (km 2 ) 402
Length of shore line (km) 18,5
Reserve area (ha) 902,1
Open water body (ha) 120
Capacity (km 3 ) – low water levels 2,81
Capacity (km 3 ) – high water levels 14,35
Maximal depth (m) 3,3
Years flow (m 3 ) 12,48
Time of stay (months) 2,67
Diversity of biogeographical provinces is determined from three provinces based on Udvardy
(1975):
- Middle European forest formations;
- Pontiac steps formations;
- Mountain territories.
Ecosystem diversity in the reserve “Srebarna” is determined from different wetland types based
on the Ramsar convention (1971):
M Permanente rivers – river Danube between right bank and island Devnia;
O Permanente fresh water lake – open water body;
R Seasonal marshes and water bodies – area between left bank of river Danube
and river dike from Silistra to village Vetren;
X f Fresh water bodies with domination of forest formations; seasonal flooded
forests – whole territory of island Devnia and part of the river bank between Silistra and village
Vetren and right bank of river Danube.
X k Underground karst and cave hydrological systems – natural spring
“Kanarichkata” in the south part of the reserve.
Forest Landscapes and Global Change-New Frontiers in Management, Conservation and Restoration. Proceedings of the IUFRO Landscape Ecology
Working Group International Conference, September 21-27, 2010, Bragança, Portugal. J.C. Azevedo, M. Feliciano, J. Castro & M.A. Pinto (eds.)
2010, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.