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F.M. Rabenilalana et al. 2010. Multi-temporal analysis of forest landscape fragmentation in the North East of Madagascar 95 4. Discussion The annual deforestation rate was estimated to be 5.25%. This is very high in comparison to the national rate of 0.3 % (FAO, 2009). This means that the pressure on the forest in the area of Manompana is extremely high. In this part of the country, the local population does not produce enough rice to feed their family, there is a chronic shortage. The rice needs are merely satisfied on an average of nine months per year. The rest of the year people resort to other products, mainly cassava, yams and bananas, as it is often not possible to buy rice during this starvation period. The development of irrigated rice production is hampered by various factors, such as topographical, technical, socio economic and policy. Thus, to maximize production, slash and burn agriculture has remained the main method of food production so far. Therefore, the deforestation is continuously increasing for upland rice production and the landscape is becoming progressively more fragmented. The land use change map and examination of the driving variables of deforestation indicate that distance to topographic parameters and to paths has the highest impact on forest fragmentation, followed by distance to villages, rivers and streams. Topography is an important factor impacting fragmentation. Most likely, because local people’s choice of land clearing is strongly related to it. For example, local people prefer areas where slopes are not too steep and land less windy because of climate. Paths are the only way of communication in inaccessible areas. Thus, to access a forestland, the local population opened paths along the forest edge or in the forest itself. The result from this study will be able to contribute to the objectives of conservation. Indeed, if the variables remain more or less the same in the coming years, meaning that there is no opening of new paths or migration (village), and pertinence area doesn’t change, so biodiversity richness biodiversity is maintained. References Achard, F., Eva, H., Stibig, H.J., Mayaux, P., Gallego, T., Richards, J.P., Malingreau, J.P., 2002. Determination of deforestation rates of the world’s humid tropical forests. Science, 297: 999-1002. Agresti, A., 2002. Categorical Data Analysis, Second Edition. Wiley, New York, USA. 734 pp. Andren, H., 1992. Corvid density and nest predation in relation to forest fragmentation: a landscape perspective. Ecology, 73 (3): Benitez-Malvido, J. and Martinez-Ramos, M., 2003. Impact of Forest Fragmentation on Understory Plant Species Richness in Amazonia. Conservation Biology, 17: 389-400. Collinge, S. K., 2009. Ecology of Fragmented Landscapes. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. Eastman, J. R., 2006. IDRISI Andes, Tutorial. Clark University. IDRISI, production, Worcester, USA. 284pp. Ewers, R. and Didham, R. K., 2006. Confounding factors in the detection of species responses to habitat fragmentation. Biological Reviews, 18: 117-142. Fahrig, L., 2003. Effects of habitat fragmentation on Biodiversity. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 34: 487-515. FAO, 2009. Situation des forêts du monde. Organisation des nations Unies pour l’Agriculture et l’Agriculture. Viale delle Terme di Caracalla - 00153 Rome, Italie. 168pp. Forman, R. T. T., and Godron, M., 1986. Landscape ecology. John Wiley & Sons, Nex York. 620pp. Forman, R. T. T., 1995. Land mosaics: The ecology of landscapes and regions. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. Franklin, S., Stenhoise, G. B., Hansen, M., Popplewell, C. C., Dechka, J.A., Peddle, D.R., 2001. An integrated decision tree approach (IDTA) to mapping landcover using satellite remote Forest Landscapes and Global Change-New Frontiers in Management, Conservation and Restoration. Proceedings of the IUFRO Landscape Ecology Working Group International Conference, September 21-27, 2010, Bragança, Portugal. J.C. Azevedo, M. Feliciano, J. Castro & M.A. Pinto (eds.) 2010, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.
F.M. Rabenilalana et al. 2010. Multi-temporal analysis of forest landscape fragmentation in the North East of Madagascar 96 sensing in support of grizzly bear habitat analysis in the alberta yellowhead ecosystem: remote sensing and spatial data integration: measuring, monitoring and modelling. Canadian Remote sensing Society, 27 (6):579-592. Guillaumet, J-L. and Koechlin, J., 1971. Contribution à la définition des types de végétation dans les régions tropicales (exemple de Madagascar). Candollea, 26(2): 263-277. Jaeger, J. A. G., 2000. Landscape division, splitting index, and effective mes size: new measures of landscape fragmentation. Landscape ecology, 15: 115-130. Kuppfer, J. A., Malanson, G.P., Franklin, S.B., 2006. Not seeing the ocean for the islands: the mediating influence of matrix-based processes on forest fragmentation effects. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 15: 8-20. Monmoniern, M. S., 1974. Measures of Pattern Complexity for Choroplethic Maps. Cartography and Geographic Information Science, 1(2): 159-169. McGarigal, K. and Cushman, S.A., 2002.Comparative evaluation of experimental approaches to the study of habitat fragmentation effects. Ecological applications, 12: 335-345. Reed, J. M., 1996. Using statistical probability to increase confidence of inferrinf species extinction. Conservation Biology, 10: 1283-1285. Singh, A. 2009. Review Article Digital change detection technique using remotelysensed data. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 10(6): 989-1003. Forest Landscapes and Global Change-New Frontiers in Management, Conservation and Restoration. Proceedings of the IUFRO Landscape Ecology Working Group International Conference, September 21-27, 2010, Bragança, Portugal. J.C. Azevedo, M. Feliciano, J. Castro & M.A. Pinto (eds.) 2010, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.
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Landscapes Forest and Global Change
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The contributions to this volume ha
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Table of contents Foreword Preface
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Fine-scale mapping of High Nature V
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Characterization of a Maculinea alc
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Urban tree inventory and socio-econ
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xiii Foreword Twenty years ago, Dr.
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Section 1 Scaling in landscape anal
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V. Cortes et al. 2010. Environmenta
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D. S. de Ron et al. 2010. Habitat s
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B. Bożętka 2010. Recent relations
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S.F. Chen et al. 2010. A physiotope
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V.D. de Campos & S M. Carvalho 2010
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N.S. Evseeva & Z.N. Kvasnikova 2010
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N.S. Evseeva & Z.N. Kvasnikova 2010
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S. Frank et al. 2010. A regionally
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M. García et al. 2010. The effect
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Page 62 and 63: S. Gholami et al. 2010. Spatial pat
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Page 74 and 75: T. Höbinger et al. 2010. Impact of
Page 80 and 81: P. Matos et al. 2010. Can lichen fu
Page 86 and 87: E.S. Meier et al. 2010. Projections
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Page 90 and 91: H. Moutahir et al. 2010. Applicatio
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Page 94 and 95: C. Palaghianu 2010. The use of Voro
Page 100 and 101: F. Peña-Cortés et al. 2010. Spati
Page 106 and 107: F.M. Rabenilalana et al. 2010. Mult
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T.-C. Lin et al. 2010. Immediate ef
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K. L. Martin & P.C. Goebel 2010. Im
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G.M. Pastur et al. 2010. Indirect e
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E.W Saragih et al. 2010. Effects of
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L.R.P. Williamson et al. 2010. Anth
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N. Zurbriggen et al. 2010. Modeling
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Section 4 Biodiversity conservation
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Akbarzadeh et al. 2010. Ecotourism
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Akbarzadeh et al. 2010. Ecotourism
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C. Carvalho-Santos 2010. Fine-scale
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I. Catalano et al. 2010. Wood macro
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R.A. Diaz-Varela et al. 2010. Exten
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R.A. Diaz-Varela et al. 2010. Asses
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P.A.E. Diogo & J. Aranha 2010. GIS
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P.A.E. Diogo & J. Aranha 2010. GIS
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V. Etemad & N. Avani 2010. Investig
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A.E. Eycott et al. 2010. The impact
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E. Fernández-Núñez et al. 2010.
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N. Fracassi & D. Somma 2010. Partic
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J. Hartter et al. 2010. Fortresses
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M.B. Horta et al. 2010. Landscape S
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J.O. López-Martínez et al. 2010.
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Sara Marques et al. 2010. Impact of
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M.G.C. Martins & J. Aranha 2010. El
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M.G.C. Martins & J. Aranha 2010. El
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J.-F. Mas et al. 2010. Modeling lan
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R.S. Moro & T.K. Pereira 2010. Eval
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R.S. Moro & C.H Rocha 2010. A metho
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V. Núñez et al. 2010. Landscape i
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S.G. Plexida & A.I. Sfougaris 2010.
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A. Poljanec & A. Boncina 2010. Chan
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M. Redon & S. Luque 2010. Tengmalm
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M.C.C. Rodrigues et al. 2010. Contr
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M.C. Silva et al. 2010. Using Busin
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T.N. Terra & R.F dos Santos 2010. L
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E. Tetetla-Rangel et al. 2010. Rela
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M. Tsibulnikova 2010. Economic esti
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M. Akbarzadeh & E. Kouhgardi 2010.
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B. Baran-Zgłobicka & W. Zgłobicki
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B. Baran-Zgłobicka & W. Zgłobicki
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J. Beldade & T. Panagopoulos 2010.
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S.M. Carvalho & A.R. de Freitas 201
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R.A. Diaz-Varela et al. 2010. Quant
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I. Duarte & F.C. Rego 2010. Land us
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J.S.V. Filho & M.L. Leite 2010. Sim
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F.J. Gómez et al. 2010. Land use c
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M.L. Leite & J.S.V. Filho2010. Anal
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M.L. Leite & J.S.V. Filho2010. Anal
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M.L.Leite & J.S.V. Filho 2010. Iden
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M. Ortega et al. 2010. Monitoring v
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G. Puddu et al. 2010. Landscape tra
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H.R. Ratsimba et al. 2010. Multi-sc
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M.C. Rodrigues et al. 2010. Charact
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M.C. Rodrigues et al. 2010. Charact
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M.T.C. Rodrigues & V. Silva 2010. L
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J. Schaefer-Santos & C. Lingnau 201
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S.M. Scheffer & E. Schimanski 2010.
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S.M. Scheffer & E. Schimanski 2010.
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J. Superson et al. 2010. The defore
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A.L. Teixido et al. 2010. Impacts o
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H. Viana & J. Aranha 2010. Assessin
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H. Viana & J. Aranha 2010. Mapping
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Section 6 Tools of landscape assess
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N. Avani et al. 2010. Investigation
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J.C. Azevedo et al. 2010. Spatial d
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T. Batista et al. 2010. The third d
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V. Caboun 2010. New classification
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A.M. Carvalho et al. 2010. Connecti
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M. Deconchat et al. 2010. Identific
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J. Gaspar et al. 2010. Visibility a
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J. Gaspar et al. 2010. Visibility a
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A.M. Geraldes 2010. Landscape runof
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A.M. Geraldes & M.J. Boavida 2010.
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K. Koschke et al. 2010. Using a mul
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J.-F. Mas et al. 2010. Assessing
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A. Matos et al. 2010. Economic valu
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A. Migliozzi et al. 2010. Land-use
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M.L Porto et al. 2010. Naturalness
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M.L Porto et al. 2010. Naturalness
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M. Rehor & V. Ondracek 2010. Applic
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J. Russell et al. 2010. Developing
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Section 7 Management and sustainabi
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P. Angelstam & M. Elbakidze. 2010.
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M. Castro et al. 2010. Relationship
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M. Elbakidze et al. 2010. Does fore
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F. Fonseca & T. de Figueiredo 2010.
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A. Gil-Tena et al. 2010. Disentangl
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M.B. Horta & E. Keizer 2010. Assess
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E. Kouhgardi & M. Akbarzadeh 2010.
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E. Kouhgardi et al. 2010. Values of
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E. Kouhgardi et al. 2010. Values of
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E. Schimanski 2010. The importance
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L.A.M. da Silva & E. Shimanki 2010.
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N. Stryamets et al. 2010. Role of n
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E. Volkova 2010. The regional analy
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I. Löfström et al. 2010. Biodiver
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I. Löfström et al. 2010. Biodiver
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A.C.R. de Oliveira & S.M. Carvalho
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I. Silva et al. 2010. Lisbon’s pu
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Section 9 Symposia
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Z.L. Urech & J.P. Sorg 2010. Taking
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Measures of landscape structure as
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E.R. Diaz-Varela et al. 2010. Multi
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J.L. Hernández-Stefanoni et al. 20
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E. Uuemaa et al. 2010. Spatial grad
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E. Penot 2010. Socio-economic diagn
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Network theory to conserve and reco
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S. Decout et al. 2010. Connectivity
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S. Joost et al. 2010. GEOME. Toward
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S.R. Freitas et al. 2010. The effec
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B. Terrones et al. 2010. Detecting
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M. Kolström et al. 2010. Is it pos
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J.P. Nunes et al. 2010. Impacts of
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Management and conservation of Medi
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P.M. Fernandes et al. 2010. Testing
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E. Andrieu et al. 2010. When forest
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D. Geni et al. 2010. A framework fo
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A. Ouin et al. 2010. Do wooded elem
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C. Estreguil & G. Caudullo 2010. Ha
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J.M. Rey Benayas 2010. Restoration
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IUFRO Unit 8.01.02 Landscape Ecolog
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