Stopwatch and Timer Calibrations - National Institute of Standards ...

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Stopwatch and Timer Calibrations List of Figures, cont’d Figure 18. Photo totalize stop reading.........................................................48 Figure 19. Ambiguous photo totalize reading.............................................49 Figure 20. Time base measurement system for stopwatches and timers...52 Figure 21. A time base measurement system for stopwatches and timers with an integrated graphics display..........................................54 Figure 22. Graph of the frequency stability of two stopwatches..............61 Figure 23. Factors that can change the quartz time base frequency..........62 Figure 24. Stopwatch accuracy versus temperature..................................63 Figure A1. Sample calibration certificate. (page 1)...................................65 Figure A1. Sample calibration certificate. (page 2)...................................66 x
List of Tables List of Tables Table 1 - Metric prefixes (may be applied to all SI units).....................................2 Table 2 - Unit values, dimensionless values, and percentages..............................4 Table 3 - Type I and Type II stopwatch characteristics.........................................9 Table 4 - Legal metrology requirements for field standard stopwatches and commercial time devices......................................................................22 Table 5 - Comparison of calibration methods.....................................................25 Table 6 - Traceable audio time signals................................................................27 Table 7 - The contribution of a 300 ms variation in reaction time to the measurement uncertainty......................................................................32 Table 8 - Uncertainty analysis for direct comparison method (digital DUT) using a land line....................................................................................38 Table 9 - Uncertainty analysis for direct comparison method (digital DUT) using a cell phone.................................................................................39 Table 10 - Uncertainty analysis for direct comparison method (analog DUT) using a land line..................................................................................39 Table 11 - Uncertainty analysis for totalize method............................................46 Table 12 - The effect of the length of the measurement time on stability (based on 25 readings)........................................................................53 Table 13 - Uncertainty analysis of using a calibrated stopwatch to calibrate another device....................................................................................60 xi
Page 1: NIST Recommended Practice Guide Sto
Page 4 and 5: Certain equipment, instruments or m
Page 7: Acknowledgements ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Page 10 and 11: Stopwatch and Timer Calibrations Se
Page 15 and 16: Section 1 Introduction to Stopwatch
Page 17 and 18: Introduction s or 42.13 s, but tha
Page 19 and 20: Introduction basic principles that
Page 21 and 22: Introduction and their traceabilit
Page 23 and 24: Description of Timing Devices Sect
Page 25 and 26: Description of Timing Devices Figu
Page 27 and 28: Description of Timing Devices Figu
Page 29: Description of Timing Devices One
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Page 41 and 42: The Direct Comparison Method Secti
Page 43 and 44: The Direct Comparison Method Pleas
Page 45 and 46: The Direct Comparison Method uncer
Page 47 and 48: The Direct Comparison Method the u
Page 49 and 50: The Direct Comparison Method path,
Page 51 and 52: The Direct Comparison Method When
Page 53: The Direct Comparison Method Table
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Stopwatch and Timer Calibrations Fi
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The Time Base Method Section 7 The
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The Time Base Method effectively t
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The Time Base Method 7.B.2. Using
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Required Uncertainty Section 8 How
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Other Topics Related to Measurement
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Stopwatch and Timer Calibrations Fi
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