Stopwatch and Timer Calibrations - National Institute of Standards ...

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Stopwatch and Timer Calibrations Section 9: Other Topics Related to Measurement Uncertainty....................59 9.A. Uncertainty Analysis of Using a Calibrated Stopwatch to Calibrate another Device.......................................................59 9.B. The Effects of Stability and Aging on Calibrations of 32 768 Hz Crystals.............................................................60 9.C. Factors That Can Affect Stopwatch Performance.................62 Appendix A: Calibration Certificates...........................................................65 Appendix B: References..............................................................................67 viii
List of Figures List of Figures Figure 1. The calibration and traceability hierarchy..................................6 Figure 2. Type I digital stopwatch.............................................................11 Figure 3. Type II mechanical stopwatch....................................................11 Figure 4. Interior of digital (Type I) stopwatch.........................................12 Figure 5. Inner workings of a mechanical (Type II) stopwatch or timer...13 Figure 6. A collection of timers................................................................14 Figure 7. Sample manufacturer’s specifications for a digital stopwatch (Example 1)...............................................................................18 Figure 8. Sample specifications for a digital stopwatch (Example 2)......20 Figure 9. Typical performance of quartz wristwatches using 32 768 Hz time base oscillators............................................................21 Figure 10. Portable shortwave radio receiver for reception of audio time signals..............................................................................30 Figure 11. Reaction time measurements (four operators, 10 runs each) for the direct comparison method.............................................36 Figure 12. Averaging measurement results for four different operators....36 Figure 13. Block diagram of the totalize method.....................................41 Figure 14. Using the start-stop button of the stopwatch to start the counter......................................................................................42 Figure 15. Measured reaction times (four operators, 10 runs each) for totalize method.........................................................................44 Figure 16. Mean reaction times (four operators, 10 runs each) for the totalize method.........................................................................45 Figure 17. Photo totalize start reading......................................................47 ix
Page 1: NIST Recommended Practice Guide Sto
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Page 7: Acknowledgements ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
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