Wednesday (Group 2) - SERDP-ESTCP - Strategic Environmental ...

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Sustainable Infrastructure (SI) Facilities Management — Facility Waste Poster Number 75 – Wednesday PHA BIOPLASTIC PACKAGING MATERIALS DR. CHRIS SCHWIER Metabolix 650 Suffolk Street, Suite 100 Lowell, MA 01854 (978) 513-1830 schwier@metabolix.com CO-PERFORMER: Dr. Jo Ann Ratto (U.S. Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center) P lastic packaging materials represent a significant portion of the world plastics consumption, estimated in excess of 340 billion lbs in 2007. In North America alone, consumption of plastic shrink/stretch film was over 1.5 billion lbs/year in 2006, and foamed product consumption is estimated at 8.5 billion lbs/year in 2006. While these packaging materials are low-cost and effective, the logistics of managing packaging waste is becoming increasingly problematic and costly. Military operations in remote areas and/or foreign countries face serious logistic hurdles dealing with large volumes of packaging waste. PHA Natural Plastics are produced by Metabolix from renewable agricultural resources. Because they are biodegradable in marine and soil environments, products made with PHAs can be disposed of easily and without any adverse environmental impacts. PHA Natural Plastics are considered well-suited for use in packaging application due to the range of physical properties attainable, water resistance, heat resistance, strength, and barrier properties. Other biodegradable materials, particularly starch based materials, do not have the required water resistance, temperature resistance, or range of properties required for many film and foam packaging applications. The objective of this project is to demonstrate the applicability of biodegradable PHA Natural Plastics for foamed packaging and stretch/shrink film applications. PHA foams have been produced and tested for functional performance and biodegradability. Key sciences and technologies have been developed for material designs and foam processing, including branching and selection of environmentally-friendly blowing agents. A potential commercial foam development partner has been established. For pallet wrap products, which are typically stretch or shrink film, PHA formulations have been developed for film processing. Evaluations of processibility and properties are in progress. This work is funded by SERDP Project SI-1478. G-33
Sustainable Infrastructure (SI) Facilities Management — Facility Waste Poster Number 93 – Wednesday FOOD AND HUMAN WASTE REMEDIATION FOR NAVY SHIPS AND ARMY N BASE CAMPS JESSICA HSU Clairvoyant Technologies, Inc. 1107 D Street, SE Washington, DC 20003 (202) 629-1831 jessica@clairvoyanttechnologies.com CO-PERFORMERS: Adam J. Baron and Mauricio Boada (Biogreen Energies); Jennifer Hsu (Clairvoyant Technologies, Inc.) (Sorry—due to a last minute cancellation, this poster will not be presented.) avy ships can remain at sea for months and generate large amounts of waste that requires a method of environmentally-safe disposal. According to estimates from the Navy, each person aboard a ship generates between three to four pounds of solid waste per day. Therefore, an aircraft carrier with 6,000 personnel can remain at sea for 90 days and generates 826 tons of solid waste. This yield cannot be stored on board until the ship docks, so often it is disposed overboard. Additionally, studies have shown that a typical maneuver Army battalion is comprised of 550 soldiers will produce about 2,000 lbs of solid waste per day. Biodigestion technology has been around for thousands of years and can be used to rapidly convert food and human waste into useful energy and non-hazardous residuals that can be safely disposed on-site. The biodigester system does not emit objectionable odors, and does not require electrical power to run. The use of solar panels will maintain the digester temperature at acceptable operation levels. This facilitates implementation in remote military base locations and aboard navy ships at sea. The system is relatively inexpensive to own and operate, compared to the alternative of waste-to-energy gasification. Biodigesters can be installed with customizable interfaces to existing kitchen and toilet systems to provide a composting system, a garbage disposal, and a converter of waste to clean energy. The energy is produced from anaerobic digestion in the form of an odorless biogas, which can be used for cooking, lighting, combustion engine driving, and even fueling pumps and electric generators. This methane-based gas is converted to mostly CO 2 and water when burned, making it a comparatively nonpolluting gas. The system essentially prevents the natural decomposition of the wastes where methane escapes to the atmosphere or pollutes the water, which causes more harm than carbon emissions. Therefore, the process is carbon negative, and each digester can generate approximately on the order of 100 carbon credits per year, which is equivalent to a reduction in 100 tons of carbon dioxide emissions. G-34
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Wednesday (Group 2) - SERDP-ESTCP - Strategic Environmental ...

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