Federal Court - Christian Aboriginal Infrastructure Developments ...

Federal Court - Christian Aboriginal Infrastructure Developments ... Federal Court - Christian Aboriginal Infrastructure Developments ...

22.01.2015 Views

Page: 320 [1197] The Supreme Court of Canada took the same approach to the assessment of damages in Cadbury Schweppes Inc. v. FBI Foods Ltd., [1999] 1 S.C.R. 142 at para. 99, as did the Federal Court of Appeal in Redpath Industries Ltd. v. Cisco (The), [1994] 2 F.C. 279 (C.A.), at 295-296. (iii) Evidence on Damages [1198] As noted above, only the Plaintiffs led evidence on damages. That evidence consisted of the 2010 FC 495 (CanLII) evidence of Mr. Alan Kerr, 24 boxes of financial records and the evidence of Mr. Van Leeuwen, the expert retained by the Plaintiffs, including his report. [1199] Mr. Kerr testified generally about the financial situation of SYFC, including profits, operating losses, expenses, debts and capital assets. He explained the fundraising by LPL and SYFC with respect start-up costs. He also gave evidence about the operations of the mill. [1200] The boxes of financial records that were entered as Exhibit P-78 contain utility bills, bank statements, cancelled cheques and accounting records. A guide to the contents of Exhibit P-78 was filed at the hearing on July 11, 2008. [1201] The Plaintiffs tendered the financial records as an alternative basis for the Court’s assessment of damages, in the event that the evidence of Mr. Van Leeuwen was not accepted. As discussed below, I accept the evidence of Mr. Van Leeuwen, subject to the modifications discussed below.

Page: 321 [1202] In closing argument, the Defendant challenged aspects of Mr. Van Leeuwen’s evidence, upon which she had not cross-examined. The failure to cross-examine him is problematic and raises two issues. [1203] First is the issue of fairness to Mr. Van Leeuwen. The House of Lords in Browne v. Dunn (1893), 6 R. 67, at 70 (H.L.) stated: 2010 FC 495 (CanLII) My Lords, I have always understood that if you intend to impeach a witness you are bound, whilst he is in the box, to give him an opportunity of making any explanation which is open to him; and, as it seems to me, that is not only a rule of professional practice in the conduct of a case, but is essential to fair play and fair dealing with witnesses. [1204] The rule in Browne v. Dunn applies both to contradictory evidence and to closing argument. [1205] The rule is not absolute, but, in my opinion, it applies in this case. Mr. Van Leeuwen is an expert in his field and his qualifications and capabilities were challenged by the Defendant in closing argument, although she did not challenge his credentials when he was introduced as an expert witness. His reputation, if not his credibility, was put in question. In that situation, Mr. Van Leeuwen should have been given the opportunity to explain his report and his testimony. [1206] Second, the failure to cross-examine Mr. Van Leeuwen on these matters denied the Court the benefit of his evidence. It must be remembered that an expert witness is presented to assist the Court.

Page: 320<br />

[1197] The Supreme <strong>Court</strong> of Canada took the same approach to the assessment of damages in<br />

Cadbury Schweppes Inc. v. FBI Foods Ltd., [1999] 1 S.C.R. 142 at para. 99, as did the <strong>Federal</strong><br />

<strong>Court</strong> of Appeal in Redpath Industries Ltd. v. Cisco (The), [1994] 2 F.C. 279 (C.A.), at 295-296.<br />

(iii) Evidence on Damages<br />

[1198] As noted above, only the Plaintiffs led evidence on damages. That evidence consisted of the<br />

2010 FC 495 (CanLII)<br />

evidence of Mr. Alan Kerr, 24 boxes of financial records and the evidence of Mr. Van Leeuwen, the<br />

expert retained by the Plaintiffs, including his report.<br />

[1199] Mr. Kerr testified generally about the financial situation of SYFC, including profits,<br />

operating losses, expenses, debts and capital assets. He explained the fundraising by LPL and SYFC<br />

with respect start-up costs. He also gave evidence about the operations of the mill.<br />

[1200] The boxes of financial records that were entered as Exhibit P-78 contain utility bills, bank<br />

statements, cancelled cheques and accounting records. A guide to the contents of Exhibit P-78 was<br />

filed at the hearing on July 11, 2008.<br />

[1201] The Plaintiffs tendered the financial records as an alternative basis for the <strong>Court</strong>’s<br />

assessment of damages, in the event that the evidence of Mr. Van Leeuwen was not accepted. As<br />

discussed below, I accept the evidence of Mr. Van Leeuwen, subject to the modifications discussed<br />

below.

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