Federal Court - Christian Aboriginal Infrastructure Developments ...

Federal Court - Christian Aboriginal Infrastructure Developments ... Federal Court - Christian Aboriginal Infrastructure Developments ...

22.01.2015 Views

Page: 244 those analogous thereto, that are to be analysed with the newly framed test (Childs, paragraph 15). [17] This review of the current state of the law demonstrates that the full Anns/Cooper analysis need not have been undertaken in this case. The essence of the negligence claim in this case is one of "liability for negligent misstatement", an existing category of case listed in Cooper v. Hobart, where proximity can be posited (paragraph 36). The Canadian law in this area was well-articulated prior to Cooper v. Hobart in two Supreme Court of Canada decisions, The Queen v. Cognos Inc., [1993] 1 S.C.R. 87 and Hercules Managements Ltd. v. Ernst & Young, [1997] 2 S.C.R. 165. 2010 FC 495 (CanLII) [18] Since the now-famous decision in Hedley Byrne & Co., Ltd. v. Heller & Partners Ltd., [1963] 2 All E.R. 575 (H.L.), courts have recognized that an action in tort may lie, in appropriate circumstances, for damage caused by negligent misstatement or negligent misrepresentations. In Queen v. Cognos Inc., the Supreme Court of Canada summarized the jurisprudence in this area and outlined five general requirements for imposing liability for negligent representations: 33 ... (1) there must a duty of care based on a "special relationship" between the representor and the representee; (2) the representation in question must be untrue, inaccurate, or misleading; (3) the representor must have acted negligently in making said representation; (4) the representee must have relied, in a reasonable manner, on said misrepresentation; and (5) the reliance must have been detrimental to the representee in the sense that damages resulted. [19] Cognos affirmed that a duty of care exists with respect to representations when a "special relationship" between the representor and representee is present. As explained in Hercules, utilizing the Anns v. Merton test, such a "special relationship" exists prima facie when reliance by the representee is both reasonably foreseeable and reasonable in the circumstances (at paragraph 43): …

Page: 245 [932] For the reasons noted above, I have already found that there is a special relationship between the Plaintiffs and the Defendant which gave rise to a duty of care. However, I also note that negligent misrepresentation is an existing category recognized in Cooper. As such the Federal Court of Appeal has stated that a prima facie duty of care exists, in cases of negligent misrepresentation, when “reliance by the representee is both reasonably foreseeable and reasonable in the circumstances”; see Premakumaran, para. 19. 2010 FC 495 (CanLII) [933] Insofar as the Defendant relied on Design Services to argue against a duty of care in negligent misrepresentation, that reliance is misplaced. In Design Services, the Supreme Court of Canada found that there was no prima facie duty of care, on the basis of a policy consideration. That policy consideration was the failure of the appellant to protect itself by contract from the economic loss. However, with respect to negligent misrepresentation, Design Services does not apply. [934] As I have explained, negligent misrepresentation is an existing category recognized in Cooper. Further, I have found in this case that there was a negligent misrepresentation by the Defendant’s servants to the Plaintiff LPL. I have found that this misrepresentation was reasonably relied upon and that it was reasonably foreseeable that it would be relied upon. As a result a prima facie duty of care arises; see Premakumaran, para. 19. [935] I also refer to my comments above, in the negligence discussion, as to why Design Services should be distinguished or is inapplicable to the facts of this case.

Page: 245<br />

[932] For the reasons noted above, I have already found that there is a special relationship between<br />

the Plaintiffs and the Defendant which gave rise to a duty of care. However, I also note that<br />

negligent misrepresentation is an existing category recognized in Cooper. As such the <strong>Federal</strong> <strong>Court</strong><br />

of Appeal has stated that a prima facie duty of care exists, in cases of negligent misrepresentation,<br />

when “reliance by the representee is both reasonably foreseeable and reasonable in the<br />

circumstances”; see Premakumaran, para. 19.<br />

2010 FC 495 (CanLII)<br />

[933] Insofar as the Defendant relied on Design Services to argue against a duty of care in<br />

negligent misrepresentation, that reliance is misplaced. In Design Services, the Supreme <strong>Court</strong> of<br />

Canada found that there was no prima facie duty of care, on the basis of a policy consideration. That<br />

policy consideration was the failure of the appellant to protect itself by contract from the economic<br />

loss. However, with respect to negligent misrepresentation, Design Services does not apply.<br />

[934] As I have explained, negligent misrepresentation is an existing category recognized in<br />

Cooper. Further, I have found in this case that there was a negligent misrepresentation by the<br />

Defendant’s servants to the Plaintiff LPL. I have found that this misrepresentation was reasonably<br />

relied upon and that it was reasonably foreseeable that it would be relied upon. As a result a prima<br />

facie duty of care arises; see Premakumaran, para. 19.<br />

[935] I also refer to my comments above, in the negligence discussion, as to why Design Services<br />

should be distinguished or is inapplicable to the facts of this case.

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