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Bromodichloromethane
ID oral
Organisation
Study type Description Response Reference Web link
International Agency for Research on
Cancer (IARC)
WHO Guidelines for drinking water Quality
Carcinogenesis
bioassay in F344/N
rats and B6C3F1
mice. Gavage with
corn oil containing
bromodichlorometh
ane.
BDCM in corn oil, when administered to rats by
gavage for 102 weeks at doses ranging from 50
to 100 mg/kg of body weight per day, resulted
in increased incidences of renal tubular cell
adenomas and adenocarcinomas affecting both
sexes and a markedly increased incidence of
large intestinal tumours (combined adenomas
and carcinomas) in both sexes. In mice, BDCM
in corn oil, administered by gavage for 102
weeks at dose levels of 0, 25, or 50 mg/kg of
body weight per day or 0, 75, or 150 mg/kg of
body weight per day in males and females,
respectively, caused renal cytomegaly and
hepatic fatty metamorphosis, increased
incidences of renal tubular adenomas and
carcinomas in males, and an increased
incidence of combined hepatocellular
adenomas and carcinomas in females.
The tumours of the large intestine (combined NTP, 1987
adenomatous polyps and carcinomas) in rats
were chosen for cancer risk assessment, as they
occurred with the highest frequency and
affected both sexes in the study, and because of
the apparent epidemiological association of this
group of compounds (THMs) with colorectal
cancer in humans. Furthermore, these tumours
appear most likely to be associated with a
mutagenic mechanism, as they were not
associated with underlying cytotoxicity or other
non-epigenetic mechanism. The combined large
intestinal tumours had high unit risk value, equal
to or higher than the unit risks for the other
tumour types in rats (kidney and liver) identified
in carcinogenicity studies with this compound. A
cancer risk assessment was also conducted in
mice, although tumours (combined renal
adenomas and adenocarcinomas) were
observed only in males.
http://www.inchem.org/documents/iarc/vol71/067-bromodicmet.html
http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/chemicals/THM200605.pdf
Health Canada Toxicological Values
Carcinogenesis
bioassay in F344/N
rats and B6C3F1
mice. Gavage with
corn oil containing
bromodichlorometh
ane.
Multistage model used on NTP bioassay data
described for WHO above. An allometric scaling
factor was applied to the final unit risks,
assuming a rat weighs 0.35 kg, a mouse weighs
0.03 kg, and a human weighs 70 kg.
in F344/N rats (i.e., intestinal adenomatous
polyps and adenocarcinomas; renal tubular cell
adenomas and adenocarcinomas) and in male
B6C3F1 mice (renal adenomas and
adenocarcinomas
NTP, 1987
http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/pubs/water-eau/trihalomethanes/exposure-expositioneng.php#a2
USEPA Health Advisors
Carcinogenesis
bioassay in F344/N
rats and B6C3F1
mice. Gavage with
corn oil containing
bromodichlorometh
ane.
As study referred to for WHO Drinking Water
Standards above
Renal tumours in rats and male mice NTP, 1987 http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/criteria/drinking/brthm-200605(508).pdf
USEPA Health Advisors
as above as above as above as above as above
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