Fine Scale Meteorology & Air Quality Models - School of Architecture ...

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ASI2_Lecture 3_7/12/2011 Potential exposure assessment application: Theory- Pollution retention in urban canyons Courtesy of J. Richmond-Bryant U U WIND D l WIND D W • H = Uτ/D = f(UD/ν, k 0.5 /U, l/D, D/W) = f(Re, turbulence intensity, shape) o H = nondimensional residence time of pollutant in canyon o τ = residence time o k = turbulence kinetic energy of the wind o ν = kinematic viscosity o Re = Reynolds number • Based on dimensional analysis and derived from the equation of scalar flux transport (Humphries & Vincent 1976) ASI 2: URBAN CLIMATE AND AIR POLLUTION School of Architecture, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 7-8 Dec 2011 Residence time H vs D/W Courtesy of J. Richmond-Bryant Mid Manhattan05 • Significant fit: o H = 22(D/W) -0.69 o R 2 = 0.62 o p < 0.001 Two Cities MM and OkCity • Poor fit: o H = 51(D/W) -0.812 o R 2 = 0.035 o p = 0.022 JU2003: OklCity • Scatter visible • Novel methodology, under development • Significant fit: • Qualitatively similar results for two o H = 296(D/W) cities -0.812 o R 2 = 0.48 • Two cities differ quantitatively o p < 0.0001 • Parameterizations can utilize fine scale modeling to provide inputs for exposure assessment • Improved methodologies with multiple canopy formulation sets such as from ASI 2: URBAN CLIMATE AND AIR POLLUTION NUDAPT to be tested. School of Architecture, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 7-8 Dec 2011 16
ASI2_Lecture 3_7/12/2011 Crossroads: Advances and Opportunities • Urban predictions on now on firmer bases with UCP formulations, model formulations can become even more sophisticated • New opportunities (base analyses & “what if” scenarios include: –Advanced AQ modeling, exposure assessments –Improved urban dispersion, threat assessments –UHI assessments, urban climate analyses –Hydrological and flooding assessments –Urban design and architecture for ventilation and comfort analyses ASI 2: URBAN CLIMATE AND AIR POLLUTION School of Architecture, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 7-8 Dec 2011 Part 2c: Fine Scale Modeling Issues Goal: Realistic outputs from fine grid WRF mesoscale modeling. • Evolution of mesoscale •Capabilities: Available/ growing computer capabilty/capacity and evolving modeling system •Issues: Grid sizes now of same order or smaller as pbl heights, turbulence (Wyngaard’s “terra Incognita” regime) •Problems: Fine grid modeling needed to resolve observed features •Challenges: Determining and removing or reducing the levels of stochastic model noise •Approaches: WRF with parameterized SG physics options WRF with LES Conduct PULSE Study ASI 2: URBAN CLIMATE AND AIR POLLUTION School of Architecture, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 7-8 Dec 2011 17
Page 1 and 2: ASI2_Lecture 3_7/12/2011 Croucher A
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