Papel de las actividades superóxido dismutasa y catalasa en la ...

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INTRODUCTION Table 5 Examples of pathogens in which a role in the virulence has been demonstrated for SOD and catalase activities Pathogen Virulence factor Reference Listeria monocytogenes FeSOD Welch et al., 1979 Shigella flexneri FeSOD Franzon et al., 1990 Pseudomonas syringae Catalases (not determined) Klotz and Hutcheson, 1992 Caulobacter crescentus CuZnSOD Schnell and Steinman, 1995 Aeromonas salmonicida FeSOD Barnes et al., 1996 Pseudomonas aeruginosa MnSOD Polack et al., 1996 Legionella pneumophila CuZnSOD St. John and Steinman, 1996 Aeromonas subsp. salmonicida salmonicida MnSOD and FeCatalase Barnes et al., 1999b Mycobacterium tuberculosis Catalase-Peroxidase Manca et al., 1999 Streptococcus pneumoniae MnSOD Yesilkaya et al., 2000 Vibrio harveyi Monofunctional Vattanaviboon and catalase Mongkolsuk, 2001 Salmonella enterica CuZnSOD Uzzau et al., 2002 Vibrio shiloi SOD (not determined) Banin et al., 2003 3.4. SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE AND CATALASE ACTIVITIES IN Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida Processes involved in the invasion and survival of P. damselae subsp. piscicida inside the host are still unknown and while authors have reported the presence of intact bacteria inside fish cells, suggesting the ability of the bacterium to survive as an intracellular pathogen (Noya et al., 1995a; López-Dóriga et al., 2000), others have observed that this pathogen is highly susceptible to oxidative radicals generated during the macrophage respiratory burst (Skarmeta et al., 1995; Barnes et al., 1999a). Due to the protective role attributed to SOD and catalase activities in a variety of bacterial 78
INTRODUCTION pathogens, study of these activities in P. damselae subsp. piscicida could contribute to the understanding of the interactions between this bacterium and its host. Barnes et al. (1999a) determined the existence of a periplasmic FeSOD and a citoplasmic catalase, not characterized. The SOD activity is repressed under iron restricted or low oxygen conditions. Catalase activity is constituvely expressed, although there are differences in intensity gel bands depending on strains. In this PhD. Thesis we have tried to deep more in the study of the role of superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in P. damseale subsp. piscicida virulence. 4. STIMULATION OF RESPIRATORY BURST ACTIVITY BY DIFFERENT MICROORGANISMS AFTER Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida INFECTION 4.1. PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS Over the last decade, incidence of drug-resistant strains, carrying a transferable R- plasmid have increased, making treatment with antimicrobial chemotherapeutics less successful. Moreover, a period of intracellular parasitism within macrophages has been described for P. damselae subsp. piscicida (Kusuda and Salati, 1993); this finding can explain the ineffectiveness of chemotherapy in the treatment of some disease outbreaks. Therefore, immunoprophylaxis has become the best way to prevent pseudotuberculosis. Throughout the last 20 years, there have been a variety of studies analyzing the effectiveness of immunization in preventing pseudotuberculosis (Romalde and Magariños, 1997). Most vaccine formulations tested consisted of heat- or formalin-killed cells (Fukuda and Kusuda, 1981; Kusuda and Hamaguchi, 1987; Kusuda and Hamaguchi, 1988; Hamaguchi and Kusuda, 1989). Best results were obtained using formulations based on lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and ribosomal fractions of the bacteria (Fukuda and Sukuda, 1985; Kusuda et al., 1988; Kawakami et al., 1997). However, these formulations presented not only problems of reproducibility, but also difficulties on large scale production. Passive immunization has also been evaluated (Fukuda and Kusuda, 1981), 79
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FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DEPARTAMENTO D
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FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DEPARTAMENTO D
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Los ensayos que constituyen esta Te
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- Díaz-Rosales, P, Arijo, S, Chabr
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Sabe esperar, aguarda que la marea
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ÍNDICE / INDEX Papel de las activi
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ÍNDICE / INDEX 2. Photobacterium d
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RESUMEN Photobacterium damselae sub
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INTRODUCCIÓN 1. LA ACUICULTURA. EL
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INTRODUCCIÓN saxatilis) (Hawke et
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INTRODUCCIÓN 2.2. SINTOMATOLOGÍA
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INTRODUCCIÓN las epidemias surgida
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INTRODUCCIÓN et al., 1997). En P.
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INTRODUCCIÓN 3.1. ESTALLIDO RESPIR
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INTRODUCCIÓN radicales generados e
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INTRODUCCIÓN Tabla 2 Ejemplos de m
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INTRODUCCIÓN de parasitismo en el
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INTRODUCCIÓN razón de la búsqued
Page 49 and 50: INTRODUCCIÓN araquidónico, están
Page 51 and 52: INTRODUCCIÓN simplificar la admini
Page 53 and 54: INTRODUCCIÓN sino también cuando
Page 55: INTRODUCCIÓN La necesidad de mejor
Page 59: OBJETIVOS El trabajo planteado en e
Page 63: MATERIA L Y MÉTODOS La metodologí
Page 67 and 68: RESULTADO S Y DISCUSIÓN El primer
Page 69 and 70: RESULTADO S Y DISCUSIÓN 1996; Lync
Page 71 and 72: RESULTADO S Y DISCUSIÓN Una vez de
Page 73 and 74: RESULTADO S Y DISCUSIÓN inmunoesti
Page 75 and 76: RESULTADO S Y DISCUSIÓN cruentum s
Page 77 and 78: RESULTADO S Y DISCUSIÓN permiten c
Page 79: RESULTADO S Y DISCUSIÓN harían fa
Page 83 and 84: CONCLUSIONES Tras los estudios real
Page 85: FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DEPARTAMENTO D
Page 89: ABSTRACT Photobacterium damselae su
Page 93 and 94: INTRODUCTION 1. AQUACULTURE. THE CU
Page 95 and 96: INTRODUCTION With regard to Solea s
Page 97 and 98: INTRODUCTION 3.1. RESPIRATORY BURST
Page 99: INTRODUCTION Some catalases have al
Page 103 and 104: INTRODUCTION increase their bacteri
Page 105 and 106: INTRODUCTION 4.3.1. Porphyridium cr
Page 107 and 108: INTRODUCTION Different mechanisms h
Page 109: A I M S
Page 113: M A T E R I A L S A N D M E T H O D
Page 117: R E S U L T S A N D D I S C U S S I
Page 120 and 121: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION resist 100 m
Page 122 and 123: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION present work
Page 124 and 125: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION reason, once
Page 126 and 127: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION great number
Page 128 and 129: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION dominant spe
Page 131 and 132: CONCLUSIONS Studies carried out on
Page 133: R R E F E R E N C I A S E F E R E N
Page 136 and 137: REFERENCIAS / REFEREN CES Aoki, T,
Page 138 and 139: REFERENCIAS / REFEREN CES Bell, MV,
Page 140 and 141: REFERENCIAS / REFEREN CES Dalmo, RA
Page 142 and 143: REFERENCIAS / REFEREN CES Hamaguchi
Page 144 and 145: REFERENCIAS / REFEREN CES Kono, Y &
Page 146 and 147: REFERENCIAS / REFEREN CES Magariño
Page 148 and 149: REFERENCIAS / REFEREN CES Ortuño,
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REFERENCIAS / REFEREN CES Salinas,
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REFERENCIAS / REFEREN CES Thompson,
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S E C C I Ó N D E A R T Í C U L O
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A RTÍCULO 1.1. A RTICLE 1.1.
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Journal of Fish Diseases 2003, 26,
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A RTÍCULO 2.1. A RTICLE 2.1.
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Abstract The stimulatory effect of
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alga Porphyridium cruentum. For thi
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Feeding assays were carried out wit
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(10 8 bacterias ml -1 ) and used to
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are in agreement with the data repo
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unvaccinated fish. However, the ser
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immune response of gilthead seabrea
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[27] Duncan, PL and Klesius, PH. Ef
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(Macrogard) and alginic acid (Ergos
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[66] Salinas, I, Díaz-Rosales, P,
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Figure 1a 3 2.5 Stimulation index 2
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Figure 1c Stimulation index 3 2.5 2
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Figure 2b Stimulation index 3 2.5 2
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Effect of the extracellular polysac
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1. Introduction Solea senegalensis
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On the other hand, β-1,3-glucan fr
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eaction was tested by adding supero
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Intraperitoneal inoculation of the
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defense mechanisms and protective i
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phagocytes from sole (Solea senegal
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Figure 1a Stimulation index 3 2.5 2
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Figure 2 Stimulation index 1.4 1.2
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Effect of dietary administration of
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1. Introduction Senegalese sole cul
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2.2. Fish and experimental design S
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2.5. Challenge with Photobacterium
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the densitometric curves of the pro
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most efficient probiotics for aquac
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acterial diversity only the dominan
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[9] Verschuere, L, Rombaut, G, Sorg
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[28] Burr, G, Gathin, D and Ricke,
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WB, editors. Techniques in Fish Imm
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and host-specific communities of ac
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Table 1 Primer Sequence (5’-3’)
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Figure 1b Stimulation index 2.5 2 1
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Table 2 Primer Control Pdp11 Pdp13
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Figure 3 Pearson correlation [0.0%-
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que perdieras parte de tu tiempo en
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