Vloga okenskih odprtin - naravna svetloba v arhitekturi - ZAPS

The importance of daylight in design
Naravna svetloba v arhitekturi
VELUX Slovenija d.o.o.
Neža Močnik u.d.i.a.

The importance of daylight in design
Posebna šola, Schwechat
Special school, Sonderschule Scwechat, Austria,
Fasch and Fuchs, 2006

The importance of daylight in design

The importance of daylight in design

The importance of daylight in design

The importance of daylight in design

The importance of daylight in design
NAČRTOVANJE
DNEVNE SVETLOBE
• ATIKA
• ENERGY X
• HOME FOR LIFE – MODEL HOME 2020

Faktor dnevne svetlobe
British Lighting Guide
(CIBSE, 1999) pravi da:
•minimalni povprečni DF:
Spalnica 1%
Dnevna soba 1.5%
Kuhinja 2%
• 2% ali manjši DF:
prostor bo zadostno osvetljen,
določena delovna opravila kljub
temu potrebujejo dodatno umetno
svetlobo
•5% ali večji DF:
prostor bo zelo prijetno osvetljen, z
izjemo zgodnjega jutra, poznega
popoldneva ter temačnega dneva

Faktor dnevne svetlobe
1.41 %
vertikalno okno
vertikalno okno
v frčadi
0.85 %
strešno okno
2.86 %
Simulation by Danish Building Research Institute (SBI), 2006
0.85 %
0.85 %
2.86 %

Preizkus
Globina sobe 10m
20% stekla
Danish Building Research Institute (SBI) Direction 203
“Calculation and simulation of daylight in buildings”

Minimalna razdalja DF 2% od okna
30
25
20
15
10
5
20% stekla
2
20% stekla
Daylight factor %
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Razdalja od okna(m)
Prečni prerez

Globina sobe 10m
90% stekla

Maksimalna razdalja DF 2% od okna
30
90% stekla
20% stekla
90% stekla
25
20
15
10
5
2
Daylight factor %
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Razdalja od okna (m)
Prečni prerez

ATIKA
• konstrukcija
• notranja klima
• sončna energija za gretje in hlajenje
• dnevna svetloba

ATIKA - koncept
Arhitekti: ACXT/IDOM, Bilbao, Španija

ATIKA - koncept
10 m
3.5 m
10 m

ATIKA - koncept
• študija pete fasade

ATIKA
...nizko zimsko
sonce...

ATIKA
...visoko pozicionirana okna
– dnevna svetloba, prezračevanje...

ATIKA
...pogled direktno k nebu...

ATIKA
...zgodnje jutranje
sonce...
...ali senca v kolikor jo
želimo...

ATIKA
...patio...

ATIKA
DF 13%
DF 2.4%
DF 7,8%
DF 11%
DF 7,8% DF 19,9%
DF 8%

http://atika.velux.com/

ENERGY X

ENERGY X

ENERGY X

ENERGY PLUS

ENERGY PLUS
4.4%
1.9%
3.1%
4.4%
5.6%
9.4%
Pritličje brez nadsvetlobe

ENERGY PLUS
4.4%
1.9%
5.6%
4.4%
5.6%
9.4%
Pritličje z nadsvetlobo

ENERGY PLUS
1.9%
1.9%
3.1%
1.9%
3.1%
1.9%
3.1%
1.9%
3.1%
9.4%
3.1%
Etaža brez nadsvetlobe

ENERGY PLUS
4.4%
3.1%
4.4%
9.4%
4.4%
9.4%
5.6%
9.4%
5.6%
9.4%
9.4%
9.4%
Etaža z nadsvetlobo

ENERGY PLUS

ENERGY PLUS

ENERGY PLUS

ENERGY PLUS

MODEL HOME 2020

ACTIVE HOUSE
Challenges and vision
Indoor Climate
challenge
Energy
challenge
Environment
challenge
is that we spend 90 % of our
time indoors, but less than 30 %
of the building mass contributes
to or provides a healthy indoor
climate. We humans need fresh
air and daylight when we are
indoors. It has a positive effect
on our health and well-being as
well as our ability to learn.
is that buildings consume
approximately 40 % of all produced
energy (European figures).
Considering the total energy
consumption throughout the whole
life cycle of the building is an
important tool in the concern for
climate changes, security of
supply and for reducing global
energy consumption.
is that although the challenges
we face are global, the local
environment differs greatly, and
many present solutions are only
viable within fixed parameters.
We need an open-minded
approach to flexible solutions
that take into account local
cultural and infrastructural
differences.

6 EXPERIMENTS
5 COUNTRIES
2 YEARS

EXPERIMENT # 1
HOME FOR LIFE, AARHUS

ENERGIJSKI KONCEPT

RAVNOTEŽJE
ENERGIJ
• Opened 20.4.2009
• Architect: AART
• Engineer: ESBENSEN
• Contractor: KFS BYG

ROOF WINDOW
ENERGY BALANCE

Foto: Adam Mork

Analize dnevne svetlobe
Home for Life (Aarhus, Denmark)
Illuminance renderings – Overcast sky conditions VELUX Daylight Visualiser 2

Analize dnevne svetlobe
Home for Life (Aarhus, Denmark)
Ground floor
First floor
Daylight factor simulations VELUX Daylight Visualiser 2

Analize dnevne svetlobe
Home for Life (Aarhus, Denmark)
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Luminance renderings – Annual overview – Sunny sky conditions (21 st at 12:00)

Foto: Adam Mork

Foto: Adam Mork

Foto: Adam Mork

Foto: Adam Mork

www.velux.com
Sustainable living
Foto: Adam Mork

The importance of daylight in design
NAČRTOVANJE
DNEVNE SVETLOBE
IN
RABA ENERGIJE

OBJEKT
J
S
V
Z
21.1. ob 12.00- sončno vreme

PARAMETRI ZA IZRAČUN ENERGIJSKE UČINKOVITOST
STAVBE
Vhodni podatki:
opečni zid
- 19 cm
izolacija tal na terenu - 20 cm
izolacija zun.stene - 15 cm
izolacija poševne strehe - 30 cm
izolacija škarje
- 30 cm
SSE
toplotna črpalka
1.faza
Naravno prezračevanje (0,5h/m -1 )
2.faza
Rekuperacija zraka (85% izkoristek)
Izračun rabe energije s programom ArchiMAID
www.fibran.si
21.1. ob 12.00- sončno vreme

Izračun rabe energije s programom ArchiMAID
www.fibran.si
Preverba dnevne svetlobe s programom
Daylight Visualiser – DVIZ, www.velux.si/arhitekti
• enostavno in učinkovito orodje za simulacijo dnevne svetlobe
in ugotavljanje svetlobnih vrednosti
• točnost analiz (potrditev s strani CIE)
• možnost preverbe osvetlitve prostora v fazi načrtovanja
• namenjen je arhitektom, gradbenikom, investitorjem...
• brezplačen

Izhodiščna varianta
RABA ENERGIJE
Vertikalna okna:
Uw= 1,0 W/m2K
Ug = 0,7 W/m2K
g = 0,60
Tv = 70%
47,9 kWh/m2a
PRITLIČJE
DP
20% = 9,0 m2
A oken = 8,88 m2
MANSARDA
OS 1
20% = 3,4 m2
A oken = 1.7 m2
OS 2
20% = 3,2 m2
A oken = 1.7 m2
SP
20% = 2,7 m2
A oken = 1.7 m2

Varianta 4
RABA ENERGIJE
Vertikalna okna:
Uw= 1,0 W/m2K
Ug = 0,7 W/m2K
g = 0,60
Tv = 70 %
49,24 kWh/m2a
DP
Strešna okna:
Uw= 1,4 W/m2K
Ug = 1,1 W/m2K
g = 0,60
Tv = 77 %
PRITLIČJE
DP
20% = 9,0 m2
A oken = 10,58 m2
MANSARDA
OS 1
20% = 3,4 m2
A oken = 4,72 m2
100/220
OS 2
20% = 3,2 m2
A oken = 4,72 m2
SP
20% = 3,2 m2
A oken = 2.6 m2

simulacija različnih nebnih pogojev
LEVI HODNIK, osnovna varianta, 4 okna velikosti 114/118 cm
21.marec,12:00,delno oblačno 21.marec,12:00,oblačno 21.marec,16:00,sončno

simulacija različnih nebnih pogojev
LEVI HODNIK, osnovna varianta, 4 okna velikosti 114/118 cm
21.marec,12:00,delno oblačno 21.marec,12:00,oblačno 21.marec,16:00,sončno

variante spremembe I. faza
Nar.prezr.
kWh/m2a
Izhodišče
Pritličje: brez Z okna
Mansarda: samo vertikalna okna
Strošek
ogrevanja
157m2/leto
47,9 451 €
Var.4
Pritličje: z Z oknom
Mansarda: manjša vertikalna okna
+ kombinacija strešno vertikalno
okno na J (1,4W/m2K) +
strešna okna na S (1,4W/m2K)
49,24 464 €
razlika je 1,34 kWh = cca 0.13 l kurilnega olja/m2 letno
x 157 m2 = 21 l kurilnega olja/leto
21 x 0,60 € = cca 13 €